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{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = ''Odontoglossum''
| image = Odontoglossum Rawdon Jester.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Odontoglossum (Rosioglossum) Rawdon Jester (a hybrid)
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| classis = [[Monocotyledon|Liliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
| familia = [[Orchidaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Epidendroideae]]
| tribus = [[Maxillareae]]
| subtribus = [[Oncidiinae]]
| alliance = Oncidium
| genus = '''''Odontoglossum'''''
| genus_authority = HB. & K.
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
See text.
}}
'''Odontoglossum''', first named in 1816 by [[Karl Sigismund Kunth]], is a [[genus]] of about 100 [[orchid]]s, belonging to the alliance Oncidium, subtribe Oncidiinae, tribe Maxillareae, subfamily higher Epidendroideae (formerly Vandoideae).
The type species is ''Odontoglossum epidendroides'' Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth 1816
The scientific name is derived from the Greek words ''odon'' (tooth) and ''glossa'' (tongue), referring to the two teeth-like calluses on the base of the [[labellum|lip]].
This genus of cool to cold growing orchids is to be found on open spots in the humid cloud forest at higher elevations from Central- and West South America to [[Guyana]], with most species around the northern [[Andes]].
Most are sympodial [[epiphyte]]s, or rarely [[Wiktionary:terrestrial|terrestrials]].
The [[pseudobulbs]] are compact with leaf-like bracts at the base. They give one to three apical [[Leaf|leaves]]. An arching (and sometimes erect) inflorescence grows from its base. The ruffled [[sepal]]s and [[petal]]s of these spectacular [[flower]]s are spreading. The [[labellum|lip]] is rather complex, entire or with three lobes. It stands erect or parallel to the long [[column]]. The high altitude species show long inflorescences with up to 150 flowers (as in ''O. cirrhosum''), while the lower altitude species have shorter inflorescences with up to 20 flowers. These flowers may be white, red, purple, brown, yellow, or even be blotched with a showy blend of many colors.
Many of these species are in great demand with orchid lovers because of their spectacular and flamboyant flowers.
== Species ==
This genus used to contain more than 400 species. many have now been reclassified in other genera such as ''[[Amparoa]]'', ''[[Aspasia]]'', ''[[Cochlioda]]'', ''[[Cuitlauzina]]'', ''[[Cyrtochilum]]'', ''[[Gomesa]]'', ''[[Lemboglossum]]'', ''[[Mesoglossum]]'', ''[[Miltonia]]'', ''[[Miltonioides]]'', ''[[Oliveriana]]'', ''[[Oncidium]]'', ''[[Osmoglossum]]'', ''[[Otoglossum]]'', ''[[Rhynchostele]]'', ''[[Rossioglossum]]'' and ''[[Ticoglossum]]'' . This new genera occurred outside the Andes in different climatological habitats.
The following list gives the presently accepted names. There are six subgenera : ''Erectolobata'', ''Lindleyana'', ''Nevadensia'', ''Odontoglossum'', ''Serratolaminata'' and ''Unguisepala''.
* ''[[Odontoglossum alberti]]'' P.Ortiz 2005 (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum alvarezii]]'' P.Ortiz 2001 (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum ariasii]]'' Dalström 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum armatum]]'' Rchb.f. 1876 : Armed Odontoglossum (Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum aspidorhinum]]'' F.Lehm. 1895 : Shield-leather Odontoglossum (Colombia to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum astranthum]]'' Linden & Rchb.f. 1867 (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum aurarium]]'' (Rchb.f.) Garay, 1970 (Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum auriculatum]]'' Rolfe 1892 (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum blandum]]'' Rchb.f. 1870 : Charming Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum boddaertianum]]'' Rchb.f. 1888 (Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum callacallaense]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum cirrhosum]]'' Lindl. 1833 : Wavy Odontoglossum (Colombia to Ecuador)(sometimes terrestrial)
* ''[[Odontoglossum constrictum]]'' Lindl. 1843 : Constricted Odontoglossum (Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum contaypacchaense]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson, 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum crinitum]]'' Rchb.f. 1874 : Hairy Odontoglossum (Colombia to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum crispum]]'' Lindl. 1845 : Curled Odontoglossum (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum cristatellum]]'' Rchb.f. 1878 (Colombia to Ecuador)
** ''Odontoglossum cristatellum'' subsp. ''cristatellum'' (Colombia to Ecuador)
** ''Odontoglossum cristatellum'' subsp. ''lehmannii'' Rchb.f. Bockemühl 1989 (Colombia to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum cristatum]]'' Lindl. in G.Bentham 1845 : Comb-Like Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru) (occasionally terrestrial)
* ''[[Odontoglossum crocidipterum]]'' Rchb.f., 1871 : Saffron-yellow Two-winged Odontoglossum (Colombia to Venezuela)
** ''Odontoglossum crocidipterum'' subsp. ''crocidipterum'' (Colombia)
** ''Odontoglossum crocidipterum'' subsp. ''dormanianum'' (Rchb.f.) Bockemühl 1989 (Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum cruentum]]'' Rchb.f., 1873 : Blood-red Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum depauperatum]]'' Kraenzl. 1906 (Peru)
*'' [[Odontoglossum digitatum]]'' C.Schweinf. 1945 : Fingered Odontoglossum (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum dormanianum]]'' Rchb.f., 1884 (Colombia to Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum dracoceps]]'' Dalström 1999 (Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum epidendroides]]'' Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth 1816 : Epidendrum-like Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum gloriosum]]'' Linden & Rchb.f. 1854 : Glorious Odontoglossum (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum gramazuense]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson, 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum hallii]]'' Lindl. 1837 : Hall's Odontoglossum (Colombia to Ecuador) (occasionally terrestrial)
* ''[[Odontoglossum harryanum]]'' Rchb.f., 1886 : Harry's Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum hauensteinii]]'' Königer 1994 (Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum helgae]]'' Königer 1997 (Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum heterosepalum]]'' (Rchb.f.) Garay, 1978 (Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum hrubyanum]]'' Rchb.f. 1888 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum juninense]]'' Schltr. 1921 : Junin Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum kegeljani]]'' E.Morren, 1877 : Kegel's Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum krameri]]'' Rchb.f. 1868 (Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama)
* ''[[Odontoglossum lindleyanum]]'' Rchb.f. & Warsz. 1854 : Lindley's Odontoglossum (Venezuela to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum llanachagaense]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum lucianum]]'' Rchb.f. 1886 : Lucien's Odontoglossum (Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum luteopurpureum]]'' Lindl. 1846 (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum machupicchuense]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum mapiriense]]'' Mansf. 1934 (Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum micklowii]]'' Dalström 1993 (Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum mirandum]]'' Rchb.f. 1882 : Grand Odontoglossum (Colombia to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum multistellare]]'' Rchb.f. 1876 : Many-starred Odontoglossum (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum naevium]]'' Lindl. 1850 : Spotted Odontoglossum (Colombia to Guyana)
* ''[[Odontoglossum nevadense]]'' Rchb.f. 1870 : The High Mountain Odontoglossum (Colombia to Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum nobile]]'' Rchb.f. 1850 : Grand Odontoglossum (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum odoratum]]'' Lindl., 1846 : Fragrant Odontoglossum (Colombia to Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum platynaris]]'' Dalström 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum portillae]]'' Bockemühl 1985 (Ecuador)
** ''Odontoglossum portmannii'' Bockemühl, 1988 (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
*** ''Odontoglossum portmannii'' subsp. ''cohrsiae'' Bockemühl 1988 (Colombia)
** ''Odontoglossum portmannii'' subsp. ''portmannii'' (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum povedanum]]'' P.Ortiz 1997 (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum praenitens]]'' Rchb.f. 1875 (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum praestans]]'' Rchb.f. & Warsz., 1854 (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum pseudomelanthes]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson, 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum reversum]]'' Bockemühl 1986 (Colombia to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum rhynchanthum]]'' Rchb.f. 1887 : Beak-flowered Odontoglossum (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum rubrocallosum]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson, 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum sanderianum]]'' Rchb.f., 1881 (Colombia to Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum sceptrum]]'' Rchb.f. & Warsz. 1854 (Colombia)
** ''Odontoglossum sceptrum'' var. ''facetum'' (Rchb.f.) Bockemühl, 1989 (Colombia)
** ''Odontoglossum sceptrum'' var. ''sceptrum'' (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum schillerianum]]'' Rchb.f. 1854 (Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum spectatissimum]]'' Lindl. 1852 (Venezuela to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum subuligerum]]'' Rchb.f. 1876 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum tenue]]'' [[Cogn.]] 1895 : Delicate Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum tenuifolium]]'' Dalström 1996 : Delicate-leafed Odontoglossum(Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum tripudians]]'' Rchb.f. & Warsz. 1854 (Colombia) (occasionally terrestrial)
* ''[[Odontoglossum velleum]]'' Rchb.f., 1874 (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum vierlingii]]'' Senghas 2000 (Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum wallisii]]'' Linden & Rchb.f., 1870 (Colombia to Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum wyattianum]]'' Gurney Wilson 1928 : Wyatt's Odontoglossum (Peru)
== Natural hybrids ==
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''acuminatissimum'' Rchb.f. 1882 (''O. cristatum'' × ''O. lindleyanum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''adrianae'' L.Linden 1879 (''O. nobile × O. luteopurpureum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''andersonianum'' Rchb.f. 1868 (''O. crispum'' × ''O. gloriosum'') (Colombia to Venezuela)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''brandtii'' Kraenzl. & Wittm., G 1889 (''O. cirrhosum'' × ''O. nobile'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''cookianum'' Rolfe, 1891 (''O. sanderianum'' × ''O. spectatissimum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''coradinei'' Rchb.f. 1872 (''O. crispum'' × ''O. lindleyanum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''dicranophorum'' Rchb.f., 1888 (''O. lindleyanum'' × ''O. spectatissimum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''elegans'' Rchb.f. 1879 (''O. cirrhosum'' × ''O. cristatum'') (Ecuador)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''excellens'' Rchb.f. 1881 (''O. nobile'' × ''O. spectatissimum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''godseffianum'' Rolfe, 1894 (''O. auriculatum'' × ''O. spectatissimum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''hennisii'' Rolfe, 1894 (''O. kegeljani'' × ''O. tenue'') (Peru)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''hinnus'' Rchb.f., 1870 (''O. hallii'' × ''O. cirrhosum'') (Ecuador)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''kraenzlinii'' O'Brien, 1893 (''O. naevium'' × ''O. schillerianum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''leeanum'' Rchb.f. 1882 (''O. crocodipterum'' × ''O. schillerianum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''limbatum'' Rchb.f. 1870 (''O. nobile'' × ''O. lindleyanum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''marriottianum'' Rchb.f. 1881 (''O. crispum'' × ''O. hallii'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''mulus'' Rchb.f., 1870 (''O. luteopurpureum'' × ''O. gloriosum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''murrellianum'' Rchb.f. 1875 (''O. naevium'' × ''O. nobile'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''schroederianum'' Rchb.f. 1882 (''O. nobile'' × ''O. tripudians'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''stellimicans'' Rchb.f. 1884 (''O. lindleyanum'' × ''O. tripudians'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''wilckeanum'' Rchb.f. 1880 (''O. crispum'' × ''O. luteopurpureum'') (Colombia to Venezuela)
== Intergeneric hybrids ==
Odontoglossum lends itself to the production of many artifcial intergeneric hybrids. The hybrids with red pigmentation are nearly all derived from a crossing with the genus ''Cochlioda'' and especially with ''Cochlioda noezliana'' :
[[Image:Beallara Marfitch Howards Dream.jpg|thumb|right|250px|''xBeallara'' "Marfitch Howards Dream"]]
* x''Adaglossum'' : ''Ada '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Alexanderara'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Andreettara'' J.M.H.Shaw : ''Cochlioda'' x ''Miltonia'' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Aspodonia'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Bakerara'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Baldwinara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Banfieldara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Barbosaara'' : ''Cochlioda '' x ''Gomesa '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Baumannara'' : ''Comparettia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Beallara'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Biltonara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Blackara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia'' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Brassia'' R. Br. 1813 ''Cochlioda'' Lindl. 1853 × ''Miltonia'' Lindl. 1837 × ''Odontoglossum'' Kunth 1816
* x''Brillandeara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Brummittara'' : ''Comparettia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Rodriguezia''
* x''Burkhardtara'' : ''Leochilus '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium '' x ''Rodriguezia''
* x''Burrageara'' : ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Cambria'' : ''Brassia'' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia'' x ''Oncidium'' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Campbellara'' : ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium '' x ''Rodriguezia''
* x''Carpenterara'' : ''Baptistonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Colmanara'' : ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Degarmoara'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Derosaara'' : ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Aspasia '' x ''Brassia''
* x''Doncollinara'' : ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Rodriguezia''
* x''Gomoglossum'' : ''Gomesa '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Goodaleara'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Hamiltonara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Kriegerara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Lagerara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Maclellanara'' : ''Brassia'' x ''Odontoglossum'' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Maunderara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Miltodontrum'' J.M.H.Shaw 2004 : (''Miltonia'' Lindl. x ''Odontoglossum'' Kunth x ''Trichocentrum'' Poepp. & Endl.).
* x''Morrisonara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Miltonia''
* x''Odontioda '' : ''Odontoglossum'' x ''Cochlioda''
* x''Odontobrassia'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Odontocentrum'' J.M.H.Shaw 2004 : (''Odontoglossum'' Kunth x ''Trichocentrum'' Poepp. & Endl.).
* x''Odontocidium'' : ''Odontoglossum'' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Odontokoa'' J.M.H.Shaw 2004 : (''Odontoglossum'' Kunth x ''Zelenkoa'' M.W.Chase & N.H.Williams).
* x''Odontonia'' : ''Miltonia'' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Odontopilia'' : ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Trichopilia''
* x''Odontorettia'' : ''Comparettia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Odontozelencidium'' J.M.H.Shaw 2004 : (''Odontoglossum'' Kunth x ''Oncidium'' Sw. x ''Zelenkoa'' M.W.Chase & N.H.Williams).
* x''Rhyntonossum'' J.M.H.Shaw 2004 : (''Miltonia'' Lindl. x ''Odontoglossum'' Kunth x ''Rhynchostele'' Rchb.f.).
* x''Richardsonara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Roccaforteara'' : ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Aspasia '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda''
* x''Rodriglossum'' : ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Rodriguezia''
* x''Ruppara'' : ''Gomesa'' x ''Odontoglossum'' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Sanderara'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Schafferara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Segerara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Oncidium '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Shiveara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Stewartara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Vanalstyneara'' : ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium '' x ''Rodriguezia''
* x''Vuylstekeara'' : ''Cochlioda'' x ''Miltonia'' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Watsonara'' J.M.H.Shaw 2004 : (''Brassia'' R.Br. x ''Odontoglossum'' Kunth x ''Oncidium'' Sw. x ''Trichocentrum'' Poepp. & Endl.)
* x''Wilsonara'' : ''Cochlioda'' x ''Odontoglossum'' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Wingfieldara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Withnerara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
== External links ==
{{Commons|Odontoglossum}}
*[http://www.orchids.co.in/plant-facts/odontoglossum-breeding.shtm Odontoglossum breeding] Odontoglossum breeding
*[http://www.aos.org/aos/uploadedfiles/docs/cultureintermedodont.pdf Culture of Odontoglossum]
*[http://retirees.uwaterloo.ca/~jerry/orchids/names.html Orchid genus names and abbreviations]
[[Category:Orchid genera]]
| color = lightgreen
| name = ''Odontoglossum''
| image = Odontoglossum Rawdon Jester.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Odontoglossum (Rosioglossum) Rawdon Jester (a hybrid)
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| classis = [[Monocotyledon|Liliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
| familia = [[Orchidaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Epidendroideae]]
| tribus = [[Maxillareae]]
| subtribus = [[Oncidiinae]]
| alliance = Oncidium
| genus = '''''Odontoglossum'''''
| genus_authority = HB. & K.
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
See text.
}}
'''Odontoglossum''', first named in 1816 by [[Karl Sigismund Kunth]], is a [[genus]] of about 100 [[orchid]]s, belonging to the alliance Oncidium, subtribe Oncidiinae, tribe Maxillareae, subfamily higher Epidendroideae (formerly Vandoideae).
The type species is ''Odontoglossum epidendroides'' Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth 1816
The scientific name is derived from the Greek words ''odon'' (tooth) and ''glossa'' (tongue), referring to the two teeth-like calluses on the base of the [[labellum|lip]].
This genus of cool to cold growing orchids is to be found on open spots in the humid cloud forest at higher elevations from Central- and West South America to [[Guyana]], with most species around the northern [[Andes]].
Most are sympodial [[epiphyte]]s, or rarely [[Wiktionary:terrestrial|terrestrials]].
The [[pseudobulbs]] are compact with leaf-like bracts at the base. They give one to three apical [[Leaf|leaves]]. An arching (and sometimes erect) inflorescence grows from its base. The ruffled [[sepal]]s and [[petal]]s of these spectacular [[flower]]s are spreading. The [[labellum|lip]] is rather complex, entire or with three lobes. It stands erect or parallel to the long [[column]]. The high altitude species show long inflorescences with up to 150 flowers (as in ''O. cirrhosum''), while the lower altitude species have shorter inflorescences with up to 20 flowers. These flowers may be white, red, purple, brown, yellow, or even be blotched with a showy blend of many colors.
Many of these species are in great demand with orchid lovers because of their spectacular and flamboyant flowers.
== Species ==
This genus used to contain more than 400 species. many have now been reclassified in other genera such as ''[[Amparoa]]'', ''[[Aspasia]]'', ''[[Cochlioda]]'', ''[[Cuitlauzina]]'', ''[[Cyrtochilum]]'', ''[[Gomesa]]'', ''[[Lemboglossum]]'', ''[[Mesoglossum]]'', ''[[Miltonia]]'', ''[[Miltonioides]]'', ''[[Oliveriana]]'', ''[[Oncidium]]'', ''[[Osmoglossum]]'', ''[[Otoglossum]]'', ''[[Rhynchostele]]'', ''[[Rossioglossum]]'' and ''[[Ticoglossum]]'' . This new genera occurred outside the Andes in different climatological habitats.
The following list gives the presently accepted names. There are six subgenera : ''Erectolobata'', ''Lindleyana'', ''Nevadensia'', ''Odontoglossum'', ''Serratolaminata'' and ''Unguisepala''.
* ''[[Odontoglossum alberti]]'' P.Ortiz 2005 (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum alvarezii]]'' P.Ortiz 2001 (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum ariasii]]'' Dalström 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum armatum]]'' Rchb.f. 1876 : Armed Odontoglossum (Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum aspidorhinum]]'' F.Lehm. 1895 : Shield-leather Odontoglossum (Colombia to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum astranthum]]'' Linden & Rchb.f. 1867 (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum aurarium]]'' (Rchb.f.) Garay, 1970 (Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum auriculatum]]'' Rolfe 1892 (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum blandum]]'' Rchb.f. 1870 : Charming Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum boddaertianum]]'' Rchb.f. 1888 (Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum callacallaense]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum cirrhosum]]'' Lindl. 1833 : Wavy Odontoglossum (Colombia to Ecuador)(sometimes terrestrial)
* ''[[Odontoglossum constrictum]]'' Lindl. 1843 : Constricted Odontoglossum (Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum contaypacchaense]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson, 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum crinitum]]'' Rchb.f. 1874 : Hairy Odontoglossum (Colombia to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum crispum]]'' Lindl. 1845 : Curled Odontoglossum (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum cristatellum]]'' Rchb.f. 1878 (Colombia to Ecuador)
** ''Odontoglossum cristatellum'' subsp. ''cristatellum'' (Colombia to Ecuador)
** ''Odontoglossum cristatellum'' subsp. ''lehmannii'' Rchb.f. Bockemühl 1989 (Colombia to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum cristatum]]'' Lindl. in G.Bentham 1845 : Comb-Like Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru) (occasionally terrestrial)
* ''[[Odontoglossum crocidipterum]]'' Rchb.f., 1871 : Saffron-yellow Two-winged Odontoglossum (Colombia to Venezuela)
** ''Odontoglossum crocidipterum'' subsp. ''crocidipterum'' (Colombia)
** ''Odontoglossum crocidipterum'' subsp. ''dormanianum'' (Rchb.f.) Bockemühl 1989 (Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum cruentum]]'' Rchb.f., 1873 : Blood-red Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum depauperatum]]'' Kraenzl. 1906 (Peru)
*'' [[Odontoglossum digitatum]]'' C.Schweinf. 1945 : Fingered Odontoglossum (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum dormanianum]]'' Rchb.f., 1884 (Colombia to Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum dracoceps]]'' Dalström 1999 (Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum epidendroides]]'' Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth 1816 : Epidendrum-like Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum gloriosum]]'' Linden & Rchb.f. 1854 : Glorious Odontoglossum (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum gramazuense]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson, 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum hallii]]'' Lindl. 1837 : Hall's Odontoglossum (Colombia to Ecuador) (occasionally terrestrial)
* ''[[Odontoglossum harryanum]]'' Rchb.f., 1886 : Harry's Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum hauensteinii]]'' Königer 1994 (Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum helgae]]'' Königer 1997 (Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum heterosepalum]]'' (Rchb.f.) Garay, 1978 (Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum hrubyanum]]'' Rchb.f. 1888 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum juninense]]'' Schltr. 1921 : Junin Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum kegeljani]]'' E.Morren, 1877 : Kegel's Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum krameri]]'' Rchb.f. 1868 (Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama)
* ''[[Odontoglossum lindleyanum]]'' Rchb.f. & Warsz. 1854 : Lindley's Odontoglossum (Venezuela to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum llanachagaense]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum lucianum]]'' Rchb.f. 1886 : Lucien's Odontoglossum (Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum luteopurpureum]]'' Lindl. 1846 (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum machupicchuense]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum mapiriense]]'' Mansf. 1934 (Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum micklowii]]'' Dalström 1993 (Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum mirandum]]'' Rchb.f. 1882 : Grand Odontoglossum (Colombia to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum multistellare]]'' Rchb.f. 1876 : Many-starred Odontoglossum (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum naevium]]'' Lindl. 1850 : Spotted Odontoglossum (Colombia to Guyana)
* ''[[Odontoglossum nevadense]]'' Rchb.f. 1870 : The High Mountain Odontoglossum (Colombia to Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum nobile]]'' Rchb.f. 1850 : Grand Odontoglossum (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum odoratum]]'' Lindl., 1846 : Fragrant Odontoglossum (Colombia to Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum platynaris]]'' Dalström 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum portillae]]'' Bockemühl 1985 (Ecuador)
** ''Odontoglossum portmannii'' Bockemühl, 1988 (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
*** ''Odontoglossum portmannii'' subsp. ''cohrsiae'' Bockemühl 1988 (Colombia)
** ''Odontoglossum portmannii'' subsp. ''portmannii'' (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum povedanum]]'' P.Ortiz 1997 (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum praenitens]]'' Rchb.f. 1875 (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum praestans]]'' Rchb.f. & Warsz., 1854 (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum pseudomelanthes]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson, 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum reversum]]'' Bockemühl 1986 (Colombia to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum rhynchanthum]]'' Rchb.f. 1887 : Beak-flowered Odontoglossum (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum rubrocallosum]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson, 2001 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum sanderianum]]'' Rchb.f., 1881 (Colombia to Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum sceptrum]]'' Rchb.f. & Warsz. 1854 (Colombia)
** ''Odontoglossum sceptrum'' var. ''facetum'' (Rchb.f.) Bockemühl, 1989 (Colombia)
** ''Odontoglossum sceptrum'' var. ''sceptrum'' (Colombia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum schillerianum]]'' Rchb.f. 1854 (Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum spectatissimum]]'' Lindl. 1852 (Venezuela to Ecuador)
* ''[[Odontoglossum subuligerum]]'' Rchb.f. 1876 (Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum tenue]]'' [[Cogn.]] 1895 : Delicate Odontoglossum (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum tenuifolium]]'' Dalström 1996 : Delicate-leafed Odontoglossum(Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum tripudians]]'' Rchb.f. & Warsz. 1854 (Colombia) (occasionally terrestrial)
* ''[[Odontoglossum velleum]]'' Rchb.f., 1874 (Ecuador to Peru)
* ''[[Odontoglossum vierlingii]]'' Senghas 2000 (Bolivia)
* ''[[Odontoglossum wallisii]]'' Linden & Rchb.f., 1870 (Colombia to Venezuela)
* ''[[Odontoglossum wyattianum]]'' Gurney Wilson 1928 : Wyatt's Odontoglossum (Peru)
== Natural hybrids ==
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''acuminatissimum'' Rchb.f. 1882 (''O. cristatum'' × ''O. lindleyanum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''adrianae'' L.Linden 1879 (''O. nobile × O. luteopurpureum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''andersonianum'' Rchb.f. 1868 (''O. crispum'' × ''O. gloriosum'') (Colombia to Venezuela)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''brandtii'' Kraenzl. & Wittm., G 1889 (''O. cirrhosum'' × ''O. nobile'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''cookianum'' Rolfe, 1891 (''O. sanderianum'' × ''O. spectatissimum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''coradinei'' Rchb.f. 1872 (''O. crispum'' × ''O. lindleyanum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''dicranophorum'' Rchb.f., 1888 (''O. lindleyanum'' × ''O. spectatissimum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''elegans'' Rchb.f. 1879 (''O. cirrhosum'' × ''O. cristatum'') (Ecuador)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''excellens'' Rchb.f. 1881 (''O. nobile'' × ''O. spectatissimum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''godseffianum'' Rolfe, 1894 (''O. auriculatum'' × ''O. spectatissimum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''hennisii'' Rolfe, 1894 (''O. kegeljani'' × ''O. tenue'') (Peru)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''hinnus'' Rchb.f., 1870 (''O. hallii'' × ''O. cirrhosum'') (Ecuador)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''kraenzlinii'' O'Brien, 1893 (''O. naevium'' × ''O. schillerianum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''leeanum'' Rchb.f. 1882 (''O. crocodipterum'' × ''O. schillerianum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''limbatum'' Rchb.f. 1870 (''O. nobile'' × ''O. lindleyanum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''marriottianum'' Rchb.f. 1881 (''O. crispum'' × ''O. hallii'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''mulus'' Rchb.f., 1870 (''O. luteopurpureum'' × ''O. gloriosum'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''murrellianum'' Rchb.f. 1875 (''O. naevium'' × ''O. nobile'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''schroederianum'' Rchb.f. 1882 (''O. nobile'' × ''O. tripudians'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''stellimicans'' Rchb.f. 1884 (''O. lindleyanum'' × ''O. tripudians'') (Colombia)
* ''Odontoglossum'' × ''wilckeanum'' Rchb.f. 1880 (''O. crispum'' × ''O. luteopurpureum'') (Colombia to Venezuela)
== Intergeneric hybrids ==
Odontoglossum lends itself to the production of many artifcial intergeneric hybrids. The hybrids with red pigmentation are nearly all derived from a crossing with the genus ''Cochlioda'' and especially with ''Cochlioda noezliana'' :
[[Image:Beallara Marfitch Howards Dream.jpg|thumb|right|250px|''xBeallara'' "Marfitch Howards Dream"]]
* x''Adaglossum'' : ''Ada '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Alexanderara'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Andreettara'' J.M.H.Shaw : ''Cochlioda'' x ''Miltonia'' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Aspodonia'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Bakerara'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Baldwinara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Banfieldara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Barbosaara'' : ''Cochlioda '' x ''Gomesa '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Baumannara'' : ''Comparettia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Beallara'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Biltonara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Blackara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia'' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Brassia'' R. Br. 1813 ''Cochlioda'' Lindl. 1853 × ''Miltonia'' Lindl. 1837 × ''Odontoglossum'' Kunth 1816
* x''Brillandeara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Brummittara'' : ''Comparettia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Rodriguezia''
* x''Burkhardtara'' : ''Leochilus '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium '' x ''Rodriguezia''
* x''Burrageara'' : ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Cambria'' : ''Brassia'' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia'' x ''Oncidium'' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Campbellara'' : ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium '' x ''Rodriguezia''
* x''Carpenterara'' : ''Baptistonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Colmanara'' : ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Degarmoara'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Derosaara'' : ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Aspasia '' x ''Brassia''
* x''Doncollinara'' : ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Rodriguezia''
* x''Gomoglossum'' : ''Gomesa '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Goodaleara'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Hamiltonara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Kriegerara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Lagerara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Maclellanara'' : ''Brassia'' x ''Odontoglossum'' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Maunderara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Miltodontrum'' J.M.H.Shaw 2004 : (''Miltonia'' Lindl. x ''Odontoglossum'' Kunth x ''Trichocentrum'' Poepp. & Endl.).
* x''Morrisonara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Miltonia''
* x''Odontioda '' : ''Odontoglossum'' x ''Cochlioda''
* x''Odontobrassia'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Odontocentrum'' J.M.H.Shaw 2004 : (''Odontoglossum'' Kunth x ''Trichocentrum'' Poepp. & Endl.).
* x''Odontocidium'' : ''Odontoglossum'' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Odontokoa'' J.M.H.Shaw 2004 : (''Odontoglossum'' Kunth x ''Zelenkoa'' M.W.Chase & N.H.Williams).
* x''Odontonia'' : ''Miltonia'' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Odontopilia'' : ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Trichopilia''
* x''Odontorettia'' : ''Comparettia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Odontozelencidium'' J.M.H.Shaw 2004 : (''Odontoglossum'' Kunth x ''Oncidium'' Sw. x ''Zelenkoa'' M.W.Chase & N.H.Williams).
* x''Rhyntonossum'' J.M.H.Shaw 2004 : (''Miltonia'' Lindl. x ''Odontoglossum'' Kunth x ''Rhynchostele'' Rchb.f.).
* x''Richardsonara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Roccaforteara'' : ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Aspasia '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda''
* x''Rodriglossum'' : ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Rodriguezia''
* x''Ruppara'' : ''Gomesa'' x ''Odontoglossum'' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Sanderara'' : ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Schafferara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Segerara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Oncidium '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Shiveara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Stewartara'' : ''Ada '' x ''Cochlioda '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Vanalstyneara'' : ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium '' x ''Rodriguezia''
* x''Vuylstekeara'' : ''Cochlioda'' x ''Miltonia'' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Watsonara'' J.M.H.Shaw 2004 : (''Brassia'' R.Br. x ''Odontoglossum'' Kunth x ''Oncidium'' Sw. x ''Trichocentrum'' Poepp. & Endl.)
* x''Wilsonara'' : ''Cochlioda'' x ''Odontoglossum'' x ''Oncidium''
* x''Wingfieldara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Brassia '' x ''Odontoglossum''
* x''Withnerara'' : ''Aspasia '' x ''Miltonia '' x ''Odontoglossum '' x ''Oncidium''
== External links ==
{{Commons|Odontoglossum}}
*[http://www.orchids.co.in/plant-facts/odontoglossum-breeding.shtm Odontoglossum breeding] Odontoglossum breeding
*[http://www.aos.org/aos/uploadedfiles/docs/cultureintermedodont.pdf Culture of Odontoglossum]
*[http://retirees.uwaterloo.ca/~jerry/orchids/names.html Orchid genus names and abbreviations]
[[Category:Orchid genera]]
