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{{otheruses}}
{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Cardamom
| image = Koeh-057.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = True Cardamom (''Elettaria cardamomum'')
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Liliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Zingiberales]]
| familia = '''[[Zingiberaceae]]'''
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision =
''[[Amomum]]''<br>
''[[Elettaria]]''
}}
The name '''cardamom''' is used for herbs within two genera of the [[ginger]] family [[Zingiberaceae]], namely ''Elettaria'' and ''Amomum''. Both varieties take the form of a small seedpod, triangular in cross-section and spindle-shaped, with a thin papery outer shell and small black seeds. Elettaria pods are light green in color, while Amomum pods are larger and dark brown.
==Types of cardamom and their distribution==
The two main ''genera'' of the ginger family that are named as forms of cardamom are distributed as follows:
*'''''[[Elettaria]]''''' (commonly called cardamom, green cardamom, or true cardamom) is distributed from India to Malaysia.
*'''''[[Amomum]]''''' (commonly known as [[black cardamom]], brown cardamom, Kravan, Java cardamom, Bengal cardamom, Siamese cardamom, white or red cardamom) is distributed mainly in [[Asia]] and [[Australia]].
==Uses==
All the different cardamom species and varieties are used mainly as cooking [[spice]]s and as medicines. In general,
*''Elettaria cardamomum'' (the usual type of cardamom) is used as a spice, a [[masticatory]], and in medicine; it is also sometimes smoked; it is used as a food plant by the [[larva]] of the [[moth]] ''[[Endoclita|Endoclita hosei]]''.
*''Amomum'' is used as an ingredient in traditional systems of medicine in [[traditional Chinese medicine|China]], [[Ayurveda|India]], Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.
*In the [[Middle East]] and [[Turkey]], green cardamom powder is used as a spice for sweet dishes as well as traditional flavouring in coffee. In Arabic, cardamom is called ''al-Hayl''.
*In South Asia green cardamon is often used in traditional [[Indian sweets]] and in tea, or ''chai''. Black cardamom is sometimes used in [[garam masala]] for curries. In Hindi and Urdu cardamon is called ''elaichi''. It called Elakka in [[Malayalam]], language of [[kerala]] which contributes 70% of indian cardamom Link [[http://www.kerala.gov.in/economy/agri.htm]].
*In Northern Europe, cardamom is used in some types of bread.
==Uses in cuisines around the world==
Cardamom has a strong, unique taste, with an intensely aromatic fragrance. It is a common ingredient in Indian cooking, and is often used in [[baking]] in [[Nordic countries]]. One of the most expensive spices by weight, little is needed to impart the flavour. Cardamom is best stored in pod form, because once the seeds are exposed or ground, they quickly lose their flavour. However, high-quality ground cardamom is often more readily (and cheaply) available, and is an acceptable substitute. For recipes requiring whole cardamom pods, a generally accepted equivalent is 10 pods equals 1½ teaspoons of ground cardamom.
===In traditional medicine===
[[Image:Cardamom-Dried-Seeds01.jpg|thumb|right|Cardamom fruit and seeds]]
In South Asia, green cardamom called "Elaichi", in Hindi and Urdu, is broadly used to treat infections in teeth and [[gums]], to prevent and treat throat troubles, congestion of the lungs and pulmonary [[tuberculosis]], inflammation of eyelids and also [[digestive system|digestive]] disorders. It is also reportedly used as an [[antidote]] for both snake and scorpion [[Venom (poison)|venom]].
Species in the genus ''Amomum'' are also used in traditional [[Ayurveda|Indian medicine]]. Among other species, varieties and cultivars, ''Amomum villosum'' is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat stomach-aches, [[constipation]], [[dysentery]], and other digestion problems. "Tsaoko" cardamom is cultivated in [[Yunnan]], [[China]], both for medicinal purposes and as a spice.
==References==
<references/>
=== General ===
#Mabberley, D.J. ''The Plant-book: A Portable Dictionary of the Higher Plants''. Cambridge University Press, 1996.
#[http://www.uni-graz.at/~katzer/engl/Elet_car.html Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages: Cardamom]
#[http://www.plantcultures.org.uk/plants/cardamom_landing.html Plant Cultures: botany and history of Cardamom]
{{Herbs & spices}}
[[Category:Zingiberaceae]]
[[Category:Spices]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Indian ingredients]]
{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Cardamom
| image = Koeh-057.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = True Cardamom (''Elettaria cardamomum'')
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Liliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Zingiberales]]
| familia = '''[[Zingiberaceae]]'''
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision =
''[[Amomum]]''<br>
''[[Elettaria]]''
}}
The name '''cardamom''' is used for herbs within two genera of the [[ginger]] family [[Zingiberaceae]], namely ''Elettaria'' and ''Amomum''. Both varieties take the form of a small seedpod, triangular in cross-section and spindle-shaped, with a thin papery outer shell and small black seeds. Elettaria pods are light green in color, while Amomum pods are larger and dark brown.
==Types of cardamom and their distribution==
The two main ''genera'' of the ginger family that are named as forms of cardamom are distributed as follows:
*'''''[[Elettaria]]''''' (commonly called cardamom, green cardamom, or true cardamom) is distributed from India to Malaysia.
*'''''[[Amomum]]''''' (commonly known as [[black cardamom]], brown cardamom, Kravan, Java cardamom, Bengal cardamom, Siamese cardamom, white or red cardamom) is distributed mainly in [[Asia]] and [[Australia]].
==Uses==
All the different cardamom species and varieties are used mainly as cooking [[spice]]s and as medicines. In general,
*''Elettaria cardamomum'' (the usual type of cardamom) is used as a spice, a [[masticatory]], and in medicine; it is also sometimes smoked; it is used as a food plant by the [[larva]] of the [[moth]] ''[[Endoclita|Endoclita hosei]]''.
*''Amomum'' is used as an ingredient in traditional systems of medicine in [[traditional Chinese medicine|China]], [[Ayurveda|India]], Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.
*In the [[Middle East]] and [[Turkey]], green cardamom powder is used as a spice for sweet dishes as well as traditional flavouring in coffee. In Arabic, cardamom is called ''al-Hayl''.
*In South Asia green cardamon is often used in traditional [[Indian sweets]] and in tea, or ''chai''. Black cardamom is sometimes used in [[garam masala]] for curries. In Hindi and Urdu cardamon is called ''elaichi''. It called Elakka in [[Malayalam]], language of [[kerala]] which contributes 70% of indian cardamom Link [[http://www.kerala.gov.in/economy/agri.htm]].
*In Northern Europe, cardamom is used in some types of bread.
==Uses in cuisines around the world==
Cardamom has a strong, unique taste, with an intensely aromatic fragrance. It is a common ingredient in Indian cooking, and is often used in [[baking]] in [[Nordic countries]]. One of the most expensive spices by weight, little is needed to impart the flavour. Cardamom is best stored in pod form, because once the seeds are exposed or ground, they quickly lose their flavour. However, high-quality ground cardamom is often more readily (and cheaply) available, and is an acceptable substitute. For recipes requiring whole cardamom pods, a generally accepted equivalent is 10 pods equals 1½ teaspoons of ground cardamom.
===In traditional medicine===
[[Image:Cardamom-Dried-Seeds01.jpg|thumb|right|Cardamom fruit and seeds]]
In South Asia, green cardamom called "Elaichi", in Hindi and Urdu, is broadly used to treat infections in teeth and [[gums]], to prevent and treat throat troubles, congestion of the lungs and pulmonary [[tuberculosis]], inflammation of eyelids and also [[digestive system|digestive]] disorders. It is also reportedly used as an [[antidote]] for both snake and scorpion [[Venom (poison)|venom]].
Species in the genus ''Amomum'' are also used in traditional [[Ayurveda|Indian medicine]]. Among other species, varieties and cultivars, ''Amomum villosum'' is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat stomach-aches, [[constipation]], [[dysentery]], and other digestion problems. "Tsaoko" cardamom is cultivated in [[Yunnan]], [[China]], both for medicinal purposes and as a spice.
==References==
<references/>
=== General ===
#Mabberley, D.J. ''The Plant-book: A Portable Dictionary of the Higher Plants''. Cambridge University Press, 1996.
#[http://www.uni-graz.at/~katzer/engl/Elet_car.html Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages: Cardamom]
#[http://www.plantcultures.org.uk/plants/cardamom_landing.html Plant Cultures: botany and history of Cardamom]
{{Herbs & spices}}
[[Category:Zingiberaceae]]
[[Category:Spices]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Indian ingredients]]
