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Wild Cherry (view source)

Revision as of 19:20, 22 September 2009

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''This page is about the tree. For the band of the same name, see [[Wild Cherry (band)]]''.
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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{{Taxobox
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| latin_name = ''Prunus avium''
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| color = lightgreen
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| common_names = Wild Cherry
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| name = Wild Cherry
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =     <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = Prunus avium fruit.jpg
 
| image = Prunus avium fruit.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_width = 240px   <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
 
| image_caption = Wild Cherry foliage and fruit
 
| image_caption = Wild Cherry foliage and fruit
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| familia = Rosaceae
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| subfamilia = Prunoideae
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| genus = Prunus
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| ordo = [[Rosales]]
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| subgenus = Cerasus
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| familia = [[Rosaceae]]
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| species = avium
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| subfamilia = [[Prunoideae]]
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| genus = ''[[Prunus]]''
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| subgenus = ''[[cherry|Cerasus]]''
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| species = '''''P. avium'''''
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| binomial = ''Prunus avium''
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| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
   
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{{Inc|
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Prunus avium, Linn. (Prunus Cerasus var. avium, Linn. Cerasus avium, Moench. C. nigra, Mill. -C. dulcis, Gaertn.). Sweet Cherry. Mazzard. Tall robust tree with red-brown bark, sometimes 100 ft. high, the young trees with a strong central leader and pyramidal growth, the old seedling trees sometimes becoming 2 ft. and more in diam. : lvs. generally oblong-ovate and gradually taper-pointed, dull and soft in color and texture, hanging as if limp on the young growths: fls. in dense clusters on lateral spurs and appearing with the hairy strongly conduplicate young lvs., the scales of the fl.-buds large and persistent for a time; calyx-tube glabrous, constricted near the top, the lobes reflexed and entire: fr. globular, depressed- globular or heart-like, mostly sweet, yellow or red. Eu. and W. Asia.—The parent species of the many sweet cherries (and also of the May Duke class), and now run wild in many parts of the E. The run-wild and common seedling forms, with small frs., are known under the general name of Mazzard cherries.
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The '''Wild Cherry''' (''Prunus avium'') is a species of [[Cherry]], native to [[Europe]] and western [[Asia]] (also known as the Sweet Cherry). It is a species in the subgenus ''[[cherry|Cerasus]]'' with [[flower]]s in [[corymb]]s, and is a [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 15-32 m tall. It is the species from which most sweet cherry [[cultivar]]s are derived. In addition, ''[[Prunus serotina]]'' is also called Wild Cherry.
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Mazzard stocks, mostly imported, are used as stocks for cherries, although Mahaleb is more popular with propagators because (like the Myrobalan plum) it is easier and cheaper to grow, runs more uniform and is capable of being budded through a long season.
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The [[leaf|leaves]] are simple, 7-14 cm long, with a serrated margin. The [[fruit]] are 1-2 cm in diameter, variably sweet to somewhat [[astringent]] and bitter to eat fresh; they are also readily eaten by [[bird]]s.
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There are many ornamental forms of the P. avium, as: var. pyramidalis, Hort., tree making a pyramidal crown; var. pendula, Hort., with drooping branches (Gn. 59. p. 267) ; var. variegate, Hort., with yellow and dull white markings on the foliage; var. asplenifolia, Kirchn., with deeply toothed and cut lvs.; var. plena, Hort., with double fls. ; var. salicifolia, Dipp., with very narrow lvs. P. Fontane- siana, Schneid. (Cerasus Fontane-siana, Spach. P. graeca, Desf.), is probably a hybrid of P. avium x P. Mahaleb, like P. avium in habit: young branchlets pubescent: lvs. about 4 in. long, differing from those of P. avium in the more crenate gland-tipped serrations: does not produce fr. To P. avium are to be referred such garden names as P. angustifolia, P. heterophylla, and others-
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It is also sometimes known as '''Gean''' or '''Mazzard''', both obsolete names little used as common names in modern English, though more recently, 'Mazzard' also refers to a selected [[self fertile]] cultivar that comes true from seed, which is used as a seedling [[grafting|rootstock]] for fruiting cultivars.
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Var. Juliana, Bailey (Prunus Cerasus var. Juliana, Linn. Cerasus Juliana, DC.). Heart or Gean Cherries. Fr. heart- shaped, with soft flesh, as in the varieties Governor Wood, Black Tartarian, Black Eagle. These are the Guigniers and Heaumiers of the French. A weeping form is known as P. Juliana var. pendula.
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Var. regalis, Bailey (C. regalis, Poit. & Turp.). Duke Cherries. Differ from the Heart cherries in having an acid flesh (and for that reason often erroneously referred to P. Cerasus). May Duke is the leading representative. Said by Hedrick ("Cherries of New York") to be "unquestionably hybrids between the Sweet cherry and Sour cherry," P. avium and P. Cerasus.
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Var. duracina, Bailey (Prunus Cerasus var. duracina, Linn. C. duracina, DC. C. Bigarella, Roem.). Bigar- Reau or Hard-fleshed Cherries. Distinguished by the firm breaking flesh of the fr., which is mostly of light color. Here belong the Windsor, Yellowish Spanish, Napoleon.
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Var. decumana, Koch (C. decumana, Delann. P. macrophylla, Poir. P. nicotianaefolia, Thomps.). Lvs. very large (sometimes nearly 1 ft. long and 4—6 in. broad), somewhat heart-shaped. Grown for ornament.
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{{SCH}}
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}}
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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==Species==
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<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
    
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
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Image:Wild Cherry Leaf 600.jpg|Leaf
 
Image:Wild Cherry Leaf 600.jpg|Leaf
 
Image:Prunus spec-1.JPG|Flowers, leaves and trunk
 
Image:Prunus spec-1.JPG|Flowers, leaves and trunk
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</gallery>
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<gallery>
   
Image:Kirschblueten 2048.jpg|Flowers
 
Image:Kirschblueten 2048.jpg|Flowers
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
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{{Commons|Prunus avium}}
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==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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[[Category:Cherries]]
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<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->
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[[Category:Flora of Armenia]]
 
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