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==Cultivars==
==Cultivars==
*'Abbot' - A small to medium-size fruit, the skin has especially dense long hairs{{{pfaf183}}}. Well-flavoured{{{pfaf183}}}. The fruits are small unless they are well-thinned{{{pfaf183}}}. A vigorous, early-flowering, productive vine, cropping heavily whilst still young{{{pfaf183}}}.
*'Blake' - A relatively small fruit, it tends to taper near the blossom end{{{pfaf183}}}. Ripening 6 - 8 weeks earlier than 'Hayward', it therefore considerably extends the fruiting season{{{pfaf183}}}. A precocious and productive plant, it can produce a crop in as little as 1 year after being grafted{{{pfaf183}}}. It flowers very early and is said to be self-fertile{{{pfaf183}}}.
*'Hayward' - A very large fruit, of superior flavour{{{pfaf183}}}. It stores longer than most cultivars{{{pfaf183}}}. This cultivar is the most commonly cultivated form in Britain (1993), its fruits store well but it tends to flower very late{{{pfaf183}}} and there can be problems with pollination.
*'Janine' - A hermaphrodite form, therefore it does not require a male plant for fertilization. We do not as yet have any information on fruit quality.
*'Saanichton 12' - The fruit is large and sweet{{{pfaf183}}}. This cultivar has grown well on Vancouver Island, Canada, for several years, it is not harmed by winter temperatures that have damaged other cultivars{{{pfaf183}}}. Recommended for garden use, it is also being investigated as a possible commercial cultivar{{{pfaf183}}}.
*'Tomuri' - A late-flowering male form, it has been selected as a pollinator for 'Heywood'{{{pfaf183}}}.
*'Yellow Mountains' - A form from the Yellow Mountains of China, it has relatively small fruit of excellent eating quality{{{pfaf183}}}. Being tested in North Carolina(1993), it has the potential of fruiting more successfully in cooler climates than standard cultivars{{{pfaf183}}}.
===Females===
===Females===
By far, the best cultivar is the New Zealand Hayward. It is the standard grown by the world. However, it does require extensive winter chilling which may not be available to the plant in your area. For areas which test the cold limits of the plant, the Saanicheon (developed in British Columbia, Canada) is said to survive where Hayward has failed. For low winter chilling areas, the opposite problem is encountered. Tested cultivars that have proven to fruit well include Elmwood, Dexter, Abbott, Tewi, and Vincent, among others. For areas with the potential for early autumn freezes, perhaps the Blake, which can ripen up to 6 weeks ahead of the Hayward, would prove to be valuable. Other named New Zealand cultivars include Allison, Bruno, Gracie, and Monty.
By far, the best cultivar is the New Zealand Hayward. It is the standard grown by the world. However, it does require extensive winter chilling which may not be available to the plant in your area. For areas which test the cold limits of the plant, the Saanicheon (developed in British Columbia, Canada) is said to survive where Hayward has failed. For low winter chilling areas, the opposite problem is encountered. Tested cultivars that have proven to fruit well include Elmwood, Dexter, Abbott, Tewi, and Vincent, among others. For areas with the potential for early autumn freezes, perhaps the Blake, which can ripen up to 6 weeks ahead of the Hayward, would prove to be valuable. Other named New Zealand cultivars include Allison, Bruno, Gracie, and Monty.
A closely related species to the deliciosa, called Actinidia chinensis, has recently become available from China. They are virtually fuzz-free and some cultivars are pure yellow inside instead of the normal emerald green. Work to date show these to be quite fruitful in the low winter chill areas and are becoming a promising alternative. Maintenance and care would be the same for both species.
A closely related species to the deliciosa, called [[Actinidia chinensis]], has recently become available from China. They are virtually fuzz-free and some cultivars are pure yellow inside instead of the normal emerald green. Work to date show these to be quite fruitful in the low winter chill areas and are becoming a promising alternative. Maintenance and care would be the same for both species.
===Males===
===Males===
Two basic New Zealand males are used. The Matua (father in the Maori language of New Zealand) is the most common in commercial orchards. It is a mid-season cultivar which begins a bit before the Hayward flowers and extends for several weeks. The other cultivar, Tomuri (late blooming in Maori), extends the male pollen season.
Two basic New Zealand males are used. The Matua (father in the Maori language of New Zealand) is the most common in commercial orchards. It is a mid-season cultivar which begins a bit before the Hayward flowers and extends for several weeks. The other cultivar, Tomuri (late blooming in Maori), extends the male pollen season.
In California, one might encounter the Chico male which is quite acceptable. Other males which may be encountered are the M-Series from New Zealand and the CC Early Male. Specific growing sites might encourage one to plant a specific male due to the blossom timing of the females. Specific males are available for the chinensis species but males from either species will pollinize each other as long as their bloom periods coincide.
In California, one might encounter the Chico male which is quite acceptable. Other males which may be encountered are the M-Series from New Zealand and the CC Early Male. Specific growing sites might encourage one to plant a specific male due to the blossom timing of the females. Specific males are available for the chinensis species but males from either species will pollinize each other as long as their bloom periods coincide.
==Gallery==
==Gallery==
