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Hemerocallis (Greek, beautiful for a day; because the blossoms fail at night).Liliaceae. Yellow Day Lily. Popular yellow- and orange-flowered stout-rooted glabrous perennials with abundant radical foliage, prized for their hardiness and the showy bloom in spring and summer.
Erect with more or less branching scapes overtopping the long keeled lvs. which are both radical and 2-ranked at the base of the scape: fls. lily-like, mostly horizontal or oblique; tube short, inclosing the ovary; segms. 6, much exceeding the tube, oblong or spatulate; stamens 6, inserted in the throat, declined, the filaments slender, the style simple; ovary oblong, 3-celled, becoming a
loculicidally 3-valved caps.: seeds black, spherical. —Species about a half-dozen, Eu. to Japan.
Hemerocallis includes the lemon lily (H. flava), one of the hardiest and best of herbaceous perennials. All the blue and white day lilies belong to the genus Hosta; all the yellow and orange day lilies belong to Hemerocallis. The yellow day lilies have narrow, grass-like foliage, and their flowers have wider funnels; the blue and white day lilies have very broad foliage, which is not at
all grass-like. The plants are all remarkably free from enemies, and need no protection of any kind, even in the severest winters. The roots are bundles of fleshy tubers, and are sometimes classed with bulbs in catalogues of nurserymen. Small plants will bloom the first year from the nursery. Clumps can often be left undivided for four or five years without loss in size or number of flowers, but as a general thing all robust-growing herbaceous perennials should be divided frequently. In old clumps the roots often become firmly matted near the middle, and the wasteful competition between the too-numerous roots weakens the vitality of the plant and the flowers are likely not to be good. Next to H. flava, the oldest garden favorites among the yellow day lillies is H. fulva, sometimes called brown day lily, and erroneously in some catalogues the lemon lily. H. fulva is a taller plant, with later and orange-colored flowers and wavy inner segments. H. auranliaca has come into prominence, and its var. major by some connoisseurs is considered the finest of all day lilies. As a rule, double forms are not so popular as the types, and they lack the simplicity and definite character of the single flowers. Yellow day lilies have a wholesome fragrance. The individual flowers are short-lived, but there is a good succession. The plants thrive in almost any garden soil, but are most luxuriant along the borders of ponds or moist places, and in partial shade. The flowers are excellent for cutting. Plants propagated by division. R. B. Whyte gives the succession of bloom at Ottawa, Canada, as follows: H. dumortierii, June 4; H. minor, H. middendorfii and H. thunbergii, June 11; H. rutilans, June 18; H. fulva, July 2; H. auranliaca var. major, July 9; H. fulva var. kwanso, July 23, and H. disticha fl.-pl., July 30. The common species, particularly H. fulva, often colonize about yards, and along roadsides sometimes making great areas of foliage and very little bloom. There are several worthy hybrids in cultivation in the choice collections of plants (see supplementary list).
Index.
aurantiaca, 8.
citrina, 5.
crocea, 6.
cypriani, 9.
disticha, 9.
dumortierii, 7.
flava, 1.
flore-pleno, 7, 9.
fulva, 9.
graminea, 6.
graminifolia, 6.
hupehensis, 9.
Kwanso, 9.
longituba, 9.
luteola, 3.
maculata, 9.
major, 3, 8.
middendorffii, 4.
minor, 6.
pallena, 3.
rutilans, 7.
sieboldii, 7.
thunbergii, 2.
variegata, 9.
H. baroni, Hort. (H. thunbergii X H. citrina). Pale yellow; segms. narrow and pointed.—H. cordna, Hort. (H. flava X H. aurantiaca var. major). Floriferous, golden yellow. H. elmensis, Hort. (H. minor and H. citrina).H. florham is said to be a variety of American origin, with large golden yellow fragrant fls. in June and July. H. forrestii, Diets, recently intro. from W. China, is allied to H. fulva, but readily distinguished by its narrow perianth which has a remarkably short tube: fls. deep reddish orange: lvs. 8-14 in. long and 2/3 in. or less broad.—H. fulcitrina, Hort. {H. fulva var. maculata and H. citrina).H. hippeastroides, Hort. (H. minor var. crocea and H. thunbergii.)—H. muelleri, Hort. (H. thunbergii and H. citrina).—H. ochroleuca, Hort. (H. thunbergii and H. citrina). Pale primrose-yellow.—H. vomerensis, Hort. (H. thunbergii and H. minor var. crocea). Wilhelm Miller.
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