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Vinca rosea, Linn. Madagascar Periwinkle. Fig. 3934. Tender erect ever-blooming plant, somewhat shrubby at the base: lvs. oblong, narrowed at base, veiny: petiole glandular at the base: fls. with a very small orifice, rosy purple or white, the latter with or without a reddish eye; calyx-lobes linear, corolla-lobes dimidiate-obovate, mucronulate. Cosmopolitan in the tropics. Gn.36. p. 455; 43, p. 389. V. 13:49; 16:49. B.M. 248. F.R. 1:141. G. 11:197; 14:333; 37:205.—This is commonly called the "Madagascar periwinkle," but V. rosea is probably not native to the Old World, while the only species of Vinca that is really native to Madagascar, viz., V. lancea, is not in cult. The plant is sometimes called "Cape periwinkle" and "old maid." The three main types should be known as V. rosea, V. rosea var. alba, V. rosea var. oculata, the latter being a white fl. with pink or red center. As a matter of fact, these appear in American catalogues as V. alba, V. alba pura, V. alba nova, V. oculata, and V. varius, the last being a trade name for seed of mixed varieties. Var. delicata, Hort., is a trade name.

Vinca rosea, Linn. Madagascar Periwinkle. Fig. 3934. Tender erect ever-blooming plant, somewhat shrubby at the base: lvs. oblong, narrowed at base, veiny: petiole glandular at the base: fls. with a very small orifice, rosy purple or white, the latter with or without a reddish eye; calyx-lobes linear, corolla-lobes dimidiate-obovate, mucronulate. Cosmopolitan in the tropics. Gn.36. p. 455; 43, p. 389. V. 13:49; 16:49. B.M. 248. F.R. 1:141. G. 11:197; 14:333; 37:205.—This is commonly called the "Madagascar periwinkle," but V. rosea is probably not native to the Old World, while the only species of Vinca that is really native to Madagascar, viz., V. lancea, is not in cult. The plant is sometimes called "Cape periwinkle" and "old maid." The three main types should be known as V. rosea, V. rosea var. alba, V. rosea var. oculata, the latter being a white fl. with pink or red center. As a matter of fact, these appear in American catalogues as V. alba, V. alba pura, V. alba nova, V. oculata, and V. varius, the last being a trade name for seed of mixed varieties. Var. delicata, Hort., is a trade name.

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It is an [[evergreen]] [[subshrub]] or [[herbaceous]] plant growing to 1 m tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are oval to oblong, 2.5–9 cm long and 1–3.5 cm broad, glossy green, hairless, with a pale midrib and a short petiole 1–1.8 cm long; they are arranged in opposite pairs. The [[flower]]s are white to dark pink with a darker red centre, with a basal tube 2.5-3 cm long and a [[corolla]] 2–5 cm diameter with five petal-like lobes. The [[fruit]] is a pair of [[follicle (fruit)|follicles]] 2–4 cm long and 3 mm broad.<ref name=foc>Flora of China: [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200018366 ''Catharanthus roseus'']</ref><ref name=com>College of Micronesia: [http://www.comfsm.fm/~dleeling/botany/1999/vhp/rosnak01.html ''Catharanthus roseus'']</ref><ref name=rhs>Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.</ref><ref name=jeps>Jepson Flora: [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?553,559,560 ''Catharanthus roseus'']</ref>

It is an [[evergreen]] [[subshrub]] or [[herbaceous]] plant growing to 1 m tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are oval to oblong, 2.5–9 cm long and 1–3.5 cm broad, glossy green, hairless, with a pale midrib and a short petiole 1–1.8 cm long; they are arranged in opposite pairs. The [[flower]]s are white to dark pink with a darker red centre, with a basal tube 2.5-3 cm long and a [[corolla]] 2–5 cm diameter with five petal-like lobes. The [[fruit]] is a pair of [[follicle (fruit)|follicles]] 2–4 cm long and 3 mm broad.<ref name=foc>Flora of China: [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200018366 ''Catharanthus roseus'']</ref><ref name=com>College of Micronesia: [http://www.comfsm.fm/~dleeling/botany/1999/vhp/rosnak01.html ''Catharanthus roseus'']</ref><ref name=rhs>Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.</ref><ref name=jeps>Jepson Flora: [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?553,559,560 ''Catharanthus roseus'']</ref>

==Cultivation and uses==

==Cultivation==

[[Image:Catharanthus roseus.jpg|left|thumb|''Catharanthus roseus'' cultivated in [[Brazil]] as a garden plant]]

[[Image:Catharanthus roseus.jpg|left|thumb|''Catharanthus roseus'' cultivated in [[Brazil]] as a garden plant]]

The species has long been cultivated for [[herbal medicine]] and as an [[ornamental plant]].  

The species has long been cultivated for [[herbal medicine]] and as an [[ornamental plant]].  

August 12, 1997, Rochester, NY</ref>

August 12, 1997, Rochester, NY</ref>

==Alkaloids==

===Propagation===

*[[Vincristine]],<ref name="botany.hawaii">[http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/bot442/36PsychoactivePlantsII.pdf www.botany.hawaii.edu]</ref> used in cancer [[chemotherapy]].

 

*[[Vinblastine]]<ref name="botany.hawaii">.</ref>

===Diseases and Pests===

*[[Reserpine]]<ref name="botany.hawaii">.</ref>

 

*[[Ibogaine]]<ref name="botany.hawaii">.</ref>

==Gallery==

*[[Yohimbine]]<ref name="botany.hawaii">.</ref>

==References==

==References==

==External links==

==External links==

*{{eol|16496926}}

*{{wplink}}