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Hippeastrum (knight or horse and star, from some fancied resemblance in H. equestre, perhaps of the equitant leaves and the star-shaped corolla-opening). Amaryllidaceae. Includes Habranthus. Showy bulbous plants, blooming in late winter to early summer; died under glass in frosty climates. Some of them are frequently grown as spring- or summer-blooming house-plants.
Bulb tunicate: scape hollow: lvs. linear or strap- shaped: fls. large and showy, usually two to several being borne on a stout, leafless scape; perianth-tube evident, often long, dilated in the throat; segms. erect- spreading, nearly or quite equal; filaments (6) distinct, often with small scales between; throat of perianth often closed or provided with scales or a corona: fr. a loculicidally 3-valved caps.; seeds black, usually flattened or compressed.—From 60 to 70 Trop. American bulbous plants, much cult, and now much hybridized. Closely allied genera are Amaryllis (African), Crinum, Sprekelia, Brunsvigia, Zephyranthes, Lycoris, Sternbergia, Vallota. The genus divides itself into the narrow-lvd. (Ivs. linear) and broad-lvd. sections. All the common garden sorts belong to the latter section. The species chiefly known in cult., or which have been parents of hybrid races, are contrasted in this account, although the kinds commonly seen are hybrids or derivatives. In some species the fls. precede the lvs.
The hippeastrums are usually known in gardens under the general name of amaryllis; and their culture is given in full under that name. Many of them are noble garden plants, but the high price of the bulbs prevents them from becoming popular. Most of the species were first described in the genus Amaryllis, but that genus differs in its solid scape and absence of scales between the filaments. Gardeners sometimes secure blooming plants in two years from seeds, by keeping the plants growing nearly continuously. The seeds are sown in flats and pricked off into small pots at the two-leaf stage. By the close of summer, they are shifted into 4- or 5-inch pots and grown through the winter. They go into about 6-inch pots when one year old, where they grow till the second winter, when they are then partially rested; in late winter, they begin active growth again, and can be brought into flower in spring.
Very many of the names in trade catalogues are of horticultural forms; and many of them cannot be referred positively to any of the original species. For the Belladonna lily, see Amaryllis; for Atainasco lily, see Zephyranthes; for Josephine lily, see Brunsvigia. For Amaryllis aurea, see Lycoris; for A. Candida, see Zephyranthes; for A. formossissima, see Sprekelia; for A. ffigantea, see Brunsvigia; for A. longifolia, see Crinum; for A. lutea, see Stfrnbcrgia; for A. Nerine, see Nerine; for A. orientalis, see Brunsvigia (B. gigantea); for A. ornata, see Crinum; for A. speciosa or purpurea, see Vallota. Following are Latin-form trade names, probably of hybrids: alrosanguineum, cardinalis, crocea, delicala, formosa, Lindenii, macrantha, refulgens, rubis (hybrid), rubra striata, Williamsii. Other trade names may be expected in the lists of dealers.
Ackermanni, 5.
acuminatum, 13.
Alberti, 10.
aulicum, 4.
citrinum, 13.
crocatum, 13.
equestre, 7.
Forjetii, 3.
fulgidum, 7, 13.
gravinae, 10.
ignescens, 7.
Johnsonii, 15.
Leopoldii, 11.
major, 7.
maranensis, 9.
miniatum, 13.
nudum, 9.
pardinum, 2.
Platypetalum, 4.
procerum, 12.
psittacinum, 6.
pulcherrimum, 5.
pulverulentum, 13.
pyrrochroum, 7.
Rayneri, 12.
Reginae, 10.
reticulatum, 8.
Roezlii, 7.
rutilum, 13.
solandriflorum, 1.
spathaceum, 7.
Spectabile, 10.
splendens, 7.
striatifolium, 8.
stylosum. 9.
vittatum, 14.
Walleri, 7.
H. advenum. Herb. Belongs to the narrow-lvd. section of the genus: lvs. linear, glaucous: fls. 2-6, about 2 in. long, yellow or red, on slender pedicels, the segms. oblong-linear and acute; stigma 3-parted. Chile. B.M. 1125. B.R. 849.—A form with pale yellow fls. is var. pallidus. Herb. L.B.C. 18:1760.—H. aulictre, Worsley. Garden hybrid of H. auliceum and H. equestre.— —H. iguapense, Wagn. Bulb small, ovate: lvs. lanceolate. 6-9 in. long and 2 ½ in. broad: scape about 6 in. high; fls. several, nodding, white with red or lilac stripes on upper segms. S. Brazil.—H. mandeville, Worsley. Hybrid, quaint and beautifully marked.— H. pratense, Baker. Also linear-lvd.: fls. 2-4, bright scarlet, the very short tube with email scales in the throat, the segms. 2 ½ in. long; stigma capitate. Chile. B.R. 28:35.—H. roseum, Baker. Ia - narrow-linear, glaucous. 1 ft. long, with the fls.: scape 6 in. high, bearing 1 or 2 small bright red fls.; stigma 3-parted. Chile. —H. teretifolium, C. H. Wright. Distinguished by nearly terete lvs.: fls. rosy pink, 2 in. long, campanulas, few in an umbel. Montevideo. L. H. B.
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