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{{SPlantbox
|genus=Lithospermum
|Min ht metric=cm
|Temp Metric=°F
|image=Upload.png
|image_width=240
}}
{{Inc|
Lithospermum (Greek, stone seed; the seeds like little stones). Boraginaceae. Cromwell. Puccoon. Low-growing hardy mostly herbaceous perennials of minor importance, some of them attractive as alpines and in rock-gardens.
Lithospermum has fifty species in extra-tropical regions around the globe, mostly in the northern hemisphere: herbs or subshrubs, rough, silky, or bristly: lvs. alternate, sessile and entire: fls. white, yellow, bluish or violet, in leafy often curved racemes or spikes, sometimes dimorphous as to stamens and style; calyx 5-parted; corolla funnel- or salver-shaped, 5-lobed, the tube cylindrical and straight, the throat naked or crested; stamens 5, fixed to the tube; ovary 4-lobed, with a slender style, stigma usually capitate or 2-lobed: plants mostly with red roots. The genus is closely allied to Moltkia, which see.
In cultivation, the best known is L. fruticosum, a rock-garden trailer, which bears numerous leafy spikes of blue flowers, each about ½ inch across, from early summer to autumn. L. purpureo-caeruleum is also an old garden plant. The common gromwell, L. officinale, is rarely cultivated as a medicinal herb. Others are procurable from dealers in native plants. Seeds of the gromwell and the western species are procurable, and plants of the other kinds from dealers in rock-garden plants. L. fruticosum is said to be propagated only by cuttings of the previous year's wood; L. multiflorum by cuttings of young shoots. The kinds with red roots yield a dye. L. arvense is an annual or biennial introduced weed; but most of the species (and those cultivated) are perennial. The best known garden kinds are European, but the American species are deserving of greater attention.
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==Cultivation==
<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
===Propagation===
<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
===Pests and diseases===
<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
==Species==
<!-- This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc -->
==Gallery==
{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery -->
<gallery>
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
</gallery>
==References==
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
<!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 -->
<!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 -->
==External links==
*{{wplink}}
{{stub}}
__NOTOC__
|genus=Lithospermum
|Min ht metric=cm
|Temp Metric=°F
|image=Upload.png
|image_width=240
}}
{{Inc|
Lithospermum (Greek, stone seed; the seeds like little stones). Boraginaceae. Cromwell. Puccoon. Low-growing hardy mostly herbaceous perennials of minor importance, some of them attractive as alpines and in rock-gardens.
Lithospermum has fifty species in extra-tropical regions around the globe, mostly in the northern hemisphere: herbs or subshrubs, rough, silky, or bristly: lvs. alternate, sessile and entire: fls. white, yellow, bluish or violet, in leafy often curved racemes or spikes, sometimes dimorphous as to stamens and style; calyx 5-parted; corolla funnel- or salver-shaped, 5-lobed, the tube cylindrical and straight, the throat naked or crested; stamens 5, fixed to the tube; ovary 4-lobed, with a slender style, stigma usually capitate or 2-lobed: plants mostly with red roots. The genus is closely allied to Moltkia, which see.
In cultivation, the best known is L. fruticosum, a rock-garden trailer, which bears numerous leafy spikes of blue flowers, each about ½ inch across, from early summer to autumn. L. purpureo-caeruleum is also an old garden plant. The common gromwell, L. officinale, is rarely cultivated as a medicinal herb. Others are procurable from dealers in native plants. Seeds of the gromwell and the western species are procurable, and plants of the other kinds from dealers in rock-garden plants. L. fruticosum is said to be propagated only by cuttings of the previous year's wood; L. multiflorum by cuttings of young shoots. The kinds with red roots yield a dye. L. arvense is an annual or biennial introduced weed; but most of the species (and those cultivated) are perennial. The best known garden kinds are European, but the American species are deserving of greater attention.
}}
==Cultivation==
<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
===Propagation===
<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
===Pests and diseases===
<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
==Species==
<!-- This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc -->
==Gallery==
{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery -->
<gallery>
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
</gallery>
==References==
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
<!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 -->
<!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 -->
==External links==
*{{wplink}}
{{stub}}
__NOTOC__
