Changes

From Gardenology.org - Plant Encyclopedia and Gardening Wiki
Jump to navigationJump to search

Alstonia (view source)

Revision as of 20:08, 12 January 2010

671 bytes removed ,  20:08, 12 January 2010
no edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:  
{{SPlantbox
 
{{SPlantbox
 +
|familia=Apocynaceae
 
|genus=Alstonia
 
|genus=Alstonia
 
|Temp Metric=°F
 
|Temp Metric=°F
 
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
 
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
−
|image=Upload.png
+
|image=Alstonia scholaris.jpg
 
|image_width=240
 
|image_width=240
 +
|image_caption=Indian Devil tree (''Alstonia scholaris'')
 
}}
 
}}
−
{{Inc|
  −
Alstonia (Dr. Alston, once professor of botany at Edinburgh). Apocynaceae. Two trees of this genus are introduced in southern Florida and southern California for outdoor planting.
  −
  −
Corolla-tube cylindrical, usually swollen at the base, the parts spreading, usually twisted in the bud; anthers inclosed in the tube. — Between 30 and 40 species of trees or shrubs of E. India and Austral., with small white fls. in terminal cymes, and simple entire Lvs. in whorls or opposite. A. scholaris, R. Br., is the devil- tree or pali-mara of India, the bark of which is medicinal. Trees yield caoutchouc.
  −
}}
  −
  −
{{Taxobox
  −
| color = lightgreen
  −
| name = ''Alstonia''
  −
| image = Alstonia scholaris.jpg
  −
| image_width = 250px
  −
| image_caption = Indian Devil tree (''Alstonia scholaris'')
  −
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
  −
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
  −
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
  −
| ordo = [[Gentianales]]
  −
| familia = [[Apocynaceae]]
  −
| tribus = [[Plumeriae]]
  −
| subtribus = [[Alstoniinae]]
  −
| genus = '''''Alstonia'''''
  −
| genus_authority = [[Robert Brown (botanist)|R.Br.]]
  −
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
  −
| subdivision =
  −
See text.
  −
}}
  −
   
'''''Alstonia''''' is a widespread [[genus]] of [[evergreen]] trees and [[shrub]]s from the dogbane family ([[Apocynaceae]]). It was named  by [[Robert Brown]] in 1811, after [[Charles Alston (botanist)|Charles Alston]] (1685-1760), Professor of [[botany]] at [[Edinburgh]] from 1716-1760.  
 
'''''Alstonia''''' is a widespread [[genus]] of [[evergreen]] trees and [[shrub]]s from the dogbane family ([[Apocynaceae]]). It was named  by [[Robert Brown]] in 1811, after [[Charles Alston (botanist)|Charles Alston]] (1685-1760), Professor of [[botany]] at [[Edinburgh]] from 1716-1760.  
   −
The type species ''Alstonia scholaris'' (L.) R.Br. was originally named ''Echites scholaris'' by [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] in 1767.
  −
  −
==Description==
   
''Alstonia'' (devil tree) consists of about 40-60 [[species]] (according to different authors), native to tropical and subtropical [[Africa]], [[Central America]], [[southeast Asia]], [[Polynesia]] and [[Australia]], with most species in the Malesian region.
 
''Alstonia'' (devil tree) consists of about 40-60 [[species]] (according to different authors), native to tropical and subtropical [[Africa]], [[Central America]], [[southeast Asia]], [[Polynesia]] and [[Australia]], with most species in the Malesian region.
   Line 45: Line 18:  
The [[inflorescence]] is terminal or axillary, consisting of thyrsiform [[cyme]]s or compound [[umbel]]s. The small, more or less fragrant [[flower]]s are white, yellow, pink or green and funnel-shaped, growing on a pedicel and subtended by [[bract]]s. They consist of 5 [[petal]]s and 5 [[sepal]]s, arranged in four whorls. The fertile flowers are hermaphrodite. The gamosepalous green sepals consist of ovate lobes, and are distributed in one whorl. The annular disk is hypogynous. The five gamesepalous petals have oblong or ovate lobes and are disposed in one whorl. The [[corolla]] lobes overlapping to the left (such as ''A. rostrata'') or to the right (such as ''A. macrophylla'') in the bud. The [[ovary (plants)|ovary]] has 2 separate follicles with glabrous or ciliate, oblong [[seed]]s that develop into deep blue podlike, schizocarp [[fruit]], between 7-40 cm long. The plants contain a milky [[Sap (plant)|sap]], rich in poisonous [[alkaloid]]s. The ''Alstonia macrophylla'' is commonly known in [[Sri Lanka]] as 'Havari nuga' or the 'wig banyan' because of its distinct flower that looks like a woman's long wig.
 
The [[inflorescence]] is terminal or axillary, consisting of thyrsiform [[cyme]]s or compound [[umbel]]s. The small, more or less fragrant [[flower]]s are white, yellow, pink or green and funnel-shaped, growing on a pedicel and subtended by [[bract]]s. They consist of 5 [[petal]]s and 5 [[sepal]]s, arranged in four whorls. The fertile flowers are hermaphrodite. The gamosepalous green sepals consist of ovate lobes, and are distributed in one whorl. The annular disk is hypogynous. The five gamesepalous petals have oblong or ovate lobes and are disposed in one whorl. The [[corolla]] lobes overlapping to the left (such as ''A. rostrata'') or to the right (such as ''A. macrophylla'') in the bud. The [[ovary (plants)|ovary]] has 2 separate follicles with glabrous or ciliate, oblong [[seed]]s that develop into deep blue podlike, schizocarp [[fruit]], between 7-40 cm long. The plants contain a milky [[Sap (plant)|sap]], rich in poisonous [[alkaloid]]s. The ''Alstonia macrophylla'' is commonly known in [[Sri Lanka]] as 'Havari nuga' or the 'wig banyan' because of its distinct flower that looks like a woman's long wig.
   −
''Alstonia'' trees are used in [[traditional medicine]]. The bark of the ''[[Alstonia constricta]]'' and the ''[[Alstonia scholaris]]'' is a source of a remedy against [[malaria]], toothache, rheumatism and snake bites. The [[latex]] is used in treating coughs, throat sores and fever.
+
{{Inc|
 +
Alstonia (Dr. Alston, once professor of botany at Edinburgh). Apocynaceae. Two trees of this genus are introduced in southern Florida and southern California for outdoor planting.
 +
 
 +
Corolla-tube cylindrical, usually swollen at the base, the parts spreading, usually twisted in the bud; anthers inclosed in the tube. — Between 30 and 40 species of trees or shrubs of E. India and Austral., with small white fls. in terminal cymes, and simple entire Lvs. in whorls or opposite. A. scholaris, R. Br., is the devil- tree or pali-mara of India, the bark of which is medicinal. Trees yield caoutchouc.
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
Describe the plant here...
 +
 
 +
==Cultivation==
 +
 
 +
 
 +
===Propagation===
   −
Many ''Alstonia'' species are commercial timbers, called ''pule'' or ''pulai'' in Indonesia and Malaysia. Trees from the section ''Alstonia'' produce light timber, while those from the sections ''Monuraspermum'' and ''Dissuraspermum'' produce heavy timber.
     −
Alstonia trees are widespread and mostly not endangered. However a few species are very rare, such as ''A. annamensis'', ''A. beatricis'', ''A. breviloba'', ''A. stenophylla'' and ''A. guangxiensis''.
+
===Pests and diseases===
 +
 
    
==Species==
 
==Species==
Line 144: Line 128:  
* ''[[Alstonia vitiensis]]'' Seem.
 
* ''[[Alstonia vitiensis]]'' Seem.
 
* ''[[Alstonia yunnanensis]]'' Diels
 
* ''[[Alstonia yunnanensis]]'' Diels
 +
 +
==Gallery==
 +
 +
<gallery perrow=5>
 +
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
 +
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
 +
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
 +
</gallery>
    
==References==
 
==References==
 +
<references/>
 +
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
 
*[http://www.tropenbos.nl/docs/nwl17.pdf Recent taxonomy of Alstonia] ([[Portable Document Format|pdf]] file).
 
*[http://www.tropenbos.nl/docs/nwl17.pdf Recent taxonomy of Alstonia] ([[Portable Document Format|pdf]] file).
 
* Kade Sidiyasa. Taxonomy, phylogeny, and wood anatomy of Alstonia (Apocynaceae). 230 pp. Blumea, Suppl. 11 (1998), ISBN 90-71236-35-8. (Awarded with the [[Adolf Engler|Engler]] Medal by the International Association for Plant Taxonomy)
 
* Kade Sidiyasa. Taxonomy, phylogeny, and wood anatomy of Alstonia (Apocynaceae). 230 pp. Blumea, Suppl. 11 (1998), ISBN 90-71236-35-8. (Awarded with the [[Adolf Engler|Engler]] Medal by the International Association for Plant Taxonomy)
 
* Kade Sidiyasa, A., 3, 1992. A monograph of Alstonia (Apocynaceae).
 
* Kade Sidiyasa, A., 3, 1992. A monograph of Alstonia (Apocynaceae).
 
* Forster, Paul I. - A taxonomic revision of Alstonia (Apocynaceae) in Australia (1992)
 
* Forster, Paul I. - A taxonomic revision of Alstonia (Apocynaceae) in Australia (1992)
 +
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 +
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
 +
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
 +
 +
==External links==
 +
*{{wplink}}
   −
[[Category:Apocynaceae]]
+
{{stub}}
−
[[Category:Trees]]
+
__NOTOC__
Retrieved from "http://gardenology.mywikis.net/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/93925"

Navigation menu