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{{SPlantbox
| name = ''Salix purpurea''
|familia=Salicaceae
| common_names = Purple Willow, Purple Osier
|genus=Salix
| growth_habit = shrub/small tree{{SCH}}
|species=purpurea
| high = ? <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
|taxo_author=L.
| wide = <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
|common_name=Purple Willow, Purple Osier, Alaska blue willow, Arctic willow, Purple osier willow
| origin = ? <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| poisonous = <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
|habit=tree
| lifespan = perennial
|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| exposure = full sun{{SSN}}
|Max ht box=15
| water = lots of water{{SSN}}
|Max ht metric=ft
| features = <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
|height_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| hardiness = <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
|Max wd box=15
| bloom = <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
|Max wd metric=ft
| usda_zones = ? <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| sunset_zones = <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
|lifespan=perennial
| color = IndianRed
|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| image = Cleaned-Illustration Salix purpurea.jpg
|exposure=sun
| image_width = 180px <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| image_caption = Purple Willow illustration
|water=wet, moist
| regnum = Plantae
|water_ref=Sunset National Garden Book
| divisio = Magnoliophyta
|features=flowers
| classis = Magnoliopsida
|flower_season=early spring, mid spring, late spring
| ordo = Malpighiales
|flower_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| familia = Salicaceae
|flowers=red, pink
| genus = Salix
|Temp Metric=°F
|min_zone=5
| subspecies =
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| cultivar =
|max_zone=10
|image=Salix purpurea purpurea.JPG
|image_width=200
|image_caption=Purple Willow illustration
}}
}}
'''''Salix purpurea''''' ('''Purple Willow''' or '''Purple Osier''') is a species of [[willow]] native to most of [[Europe]] and western [[Asia]] north to the [[British Isles]], [[Poland]], and the [[Baltic States]].<ref name=fe>Flora Europaea: [http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Salix&SPECIES_XREF=purpurea&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= ''Salix purpurea'']</ref><ref name=rdm>Meikle, R. D. (1984). ''Willows and Poplars of Great Britain and Ireland''. BSBI Handbook No. 4. ISBN 0-901158-07-0.</ref><ref name=rushforth>Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.</ref>
It is a [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] growing to 1-3 m (rarely to 5 m) tall, with purple-brown to yellow-brown shoots, turning pale grey on old stems. The [[leaf|leaves]] are 2-8 cm (rarely to 12 cm) long and 0.3-1 cm (rarely 2 cm) wide; they are dark green above, glaucous green below, and unusually for a willow, are often arranged in opposite pairs rather than alternate. The [[flower]]s are small [[catkin]]s 1.5-4.5 cm long, produced in early spring; they are often purple or red in colour, whence the name of the species (other willows mostly have whitish, yellow or green catkins).<ref name=rdm/><ref name=rushforth/>
{{Inc|
{{Inc|
'''''[[Salix]] purpurea'''''. (S. Forbyana, Smith. Vetrix purpurea, Rafin.). Purple Osier. A shrub or small tree, spreading at base, with long, flexible branches: lvs. oblanceolate, serrulate, glabrous, veiny, 3-6 in. long, often appearing opposite: aments sessile, slender; pistillate recurved; scales purple; stamen 1: caps. small, ovate. Eu.—Planted as an ornamental shrub and escaped in many places. Also grown as a basket-willow. Var. pendula, Dipp. (S. nigra pendula, Hort. S. Americana pendula, Hort.). Branches pendent.
'''''[[Salix]] purpurea'''''. (S. Forbyana, Smith. Vetrix purpurea, Rafin.). Purple Osier. A shrub or small tree, spreading at base, with long, flexible branches: lvs. oblanceolate, serrulate, glabrous, veiny, 3-6 in. long, often appearing opposite: aments sessile, slender; pistillate recurved; scales purple; stamen 1: caps. small, ovate. Eu.—Planted as an ornamental shrub and escaped in many places. Also grown as a basket-willow. Var. pendula, Dipp. (S. nigra pendula, Hort. S. Americana pendula, Hort.). Branches pendent.
Var. lambertiana, W. D. Koch. Lvs. broader, generally obovate-lanceolate, more abruptly acuminate, usually more rounded at the base, up to 4 in. long and 3/4 in. broad. Var. sericea, W. D. Koch. Lvs. silky when young, becoming glabrous. Here belongs the "Kecks Willow" (var. Kecksii, Hort.). Var. amplexicaulis, Boiss. Lvs. sessile or subsessile, cordate or rounded at the base, acuminate, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, glabrous.
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}}
==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
===Propagation===
===Propagation===
===Pests and diseases===
===Pests and diseases===
==Species==
==Varieties==
==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery perrow=5>
File:Salix purpurea purpurea 1.JPG
File:Salix-purpurea-habit.JPG
File:Salix purpurea.JPG
File:Salix purpurea 002.jpg
</gallery>
</gallery>
==References==
==References==
<references/>
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
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