Difference between revisions of "Schefflera"

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{{SPlantbox
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|familia=Araliaceae
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|genus=Schefflera
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|Temp Metric=°F
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|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
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|image=Schefflera arboricola.JPG
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|image_width=240
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|image_caption=Schefflera arboricola
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}}
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'''''Schefflera''''' ({{pron-en|ˈʃɛflərə}})<ref>''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607</ref> is a genus in the [[flowering plant]] family [[Araliaceae]]. The plants are [[tree]]s, [[shrub]]s or [[liana]]s, growing 1-30 m tall, with woody stems and palmately-compound leaves. The circumscription of the genus has varied greatly. Phylogenetic studies have shown that the widely-used broad circumscription as a pantropical genus of over 700 species is [[polyphyletic]], but it remains to be seen how this will affect the classification of the genus.
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Several species are grown in pots as [[houseplant]]s, most commonly [[Schefflera actinophylla]] (Umbrella Tree) and [[Schefflera arboricola]] (Dwarf Umbrella Tree). Numerous [[cultivar]]s have been selected for various characters, most popularly for [[variegation|variegated]] or purple foliage.
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{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Schefflera (named after G. C. Scheffler). Including Heptapleurum, Paratropia, and Sciadophyllum. Araliaceae. Glabrous or pubescent trees or shrubs or sometimes climbing by means of switch-like branches, grown in the greenhouse or hardy in the far South.
 
Schefflera (named after G. C. Scheffler). Including Heptapleurum, Paratropia, and Sciadophyllum. Araliaceae. Glabrous or pubescent trees or shrubs or sometimes climbing by means of switch-like branches, grown in the greenhouse or hardy in the far South.
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Leaves various, mostly digitately compound, rarely simple and then usually mixed with compound lvs., very seldom double digitately compound: fls. in umbels, heads, or racemes, these mostly arranged racemosely, seldom in whorls; calyx-limb weakly developed, obscurely and shortly toothed or almost lacking; petals 5 or more (-15), mostly 5-6; stamens as many as the petals: fr. globose to ovate or elongated, sulcate or angled.—About 150 species in the tropical regions of the world. Paratropia Stelzneriana, Barb.-Rodr., belongs to this genus. See under Paratropia.
 
Leaves various, mostly digitately compound, rarely simple and then usually mixed with compound lvs., very seldom double digitately compound: fls. in umbels, heads, or racemes, these mostly arranged racemosely, seldom in whorls; calyx-limb weakly developed, obscurely and shortly toothed or almost lacking; petals 5 or more (-15), mostly 5-6; stamens as many as the petals: fr. globose to ovate or elongated, sulcate or angled.—About 150 species in the tropical regions of the world. Paratropia Stelzneriana, Barb.-Rodr., belongs to this genus. See under Paratropia.
  
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S. acuminata, Harms (Actinophyllum acuminatum, Pav. Sciadophyllum acuminatum, Poir.), has climbing sts. 10 ft. high, 7 - 11 oblong, obliquely acuminate, coriaceous lfts. and yellow fls. in small heads. May. Peru.—S. conica, Harms (Actinophyllum conicum, Pav. Sciadophyllum conicum, Poir.), has shrubby sts. 10 ft. high, 7-13 oblong, abruptly acuminate, coriaceous lfts., and small heads of whitish red fls. May. Peru.—S. polybotrya, Viguier (Paratropia polybotrya, Miq. Heptapleurum polybotryum, Seem.), is a sparingly branched shrub, 5-7 oblong-ovate to obovate-oblong, caudate-acuminate lfts. and long racemes of small green fls. Winter. Java. B.M. 6238.—S. Sciadophyllum, Harms (Aralia Sciadophyllum, Sw. Sciadophyllum Brownii, Spreng.), has tree-like sts. 10-15 ft. high, 7-11 nearly umbellate oblong-lanceolate, glabrous unequal lfts. and white fls. in heads which are in long compound racemes. Peru.—S. venulosa, Harms (Paratropia venulosa, Wight & Arn. Heptapleurum venulosum, Seem.), is a small glabrous tree or climbing shrub with glabrous entire acuminate lfts. and small compound panicles of greenish fls. India. Var. erythrostachya, Hort., differs in having very large lvs., broad lfts. and very tiny deep red fls., borne in a branched terminal panicle. Trop. Asia. B.M. 7402.—S. vitiensis. Seem. (Aralia vitiensis, Gray. Agalma vitiensis, Seem.), has digitate lvs., obovate-oblong, obtuse entire lfts., with horizontally spreading veins and 3-7 fls. in an umbel. Fiji Isls.
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S. acuminata, Harms (Actinophyllum acuminatum, Pav. Sciadophyllum acuminatum, Poir.), has climbing sts. 10 ft. high, 7 - 11 oblong, obliquely acuminate, coriaceous lfts. and yellow fls. in small heads. May. Peru.—S. conica, Harms (Actinophyllum conicum, Pav. Sciadophyllum conicum, Poir.), has shrubby sts. 10 ft. high, 7-13 oblong, abruptly acuminate, coriaceous lfts., and small heads of whitish red fls. May. Peru.—S. polybotrya, Viguier (Paratropia polybotrya, Miq. Heptapleurum polybotryum, Seem.), is a sparingly branched shrub, 5-7 oblong-ovate to obovate-oblong, caudate-acuminate lfts. and long racemes of small green fls. Winter. Java. B.M. 6238.—S. Sciadophyllum, Harms (Aralia Sciadophyllum, Sw. Sciadophyllum Brownii, Spreng.), has tree-like sts. 10-15 ft. high, 7-11 nearly umbellate oblong-lanceolate, glabrous unequal lfts. and white fls. in heads which are in long compound racemes. Peru.—S. venulosa, Harms (Paratropia venulosa, Wight & Arn. Heptapleurum venulosum, Seem.), is a small glabrous tree or climbing shrub with glabrous entire acuminate lfts. and small compound panicles of greenish fls. India. Var. erythrostachya, Hort., differs in having very large lvs., broad lfts. and very tiny deep red fls., borne in a branched terminal panicle. Trop. Asia. B.M. 7402.—S. vitiensis. Seem. (Aralia vitiensis, Gray. Agalma vitiensis, Seem.), has digitate lvs., obovate-oblong, obtuse entire lfts., with horizontally spreading veins and 3-7 fls. in an umbel. Fiji Isls.{{SCH}}
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}}
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synonyms{{wp}} (these should all be redirects to this page):
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''Actinomorphe'', ''Actinophyllum'', ''Agalma'', ''Astropanax'', ''Bakeria'', ''Brassaia'', ''Cephaloschefflera'', ''Crepinella'', ''Didymopanax'', ''Dizygotheca'', ''Geopanax'', ''Heptapleurum'', ''Neocussonia'', ''Nesopanax'', ''Octotheca'', ''Parapanax'', ''Paratropia'', ''Plerandra'', ''Scheffleropsis'', ''Sciadophyllum'', ''Tupidanthus''
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{{Inc|
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syn. Tupidanthus (Greek, mallet and flower, referring to the shape of the fl.-buds). Araliaceae. At first a glabrous small tree, becoming with age a tall climber: lvs. large, digitately compound; lfts. coriaceous, entire; stipules connate: umbellules arranged in a short panicle or compound umbel: fls. large for the order; petals connate in a leathery or fleshy hood; stamens numerous; disk convex: fr. leathery to fleshy, subglobose. One species, India. T. calyptratus, Hook. f. & Thoms. Lvs. digitate; lfts. 7-9, entire, 7 x 2 1/2 in., narrow-oblong, short-acuminate, narrowed at base; petiolules 2 in. long: main umbel about 3-rayed, branches 3 in. long with large bracts at their bases; umbellules 5-7-cleft: fls. green; stamens 50-70. India. B.M. 4908.
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{{SCH}}
 
}}
 
}}
  
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{{Taxobox
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==Cultivation==
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = ''Schefflera''
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| image = ScheffleraActinophylla.jpg
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===Propagation===
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_caption = ''[[Schefflera arboricola]]''
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| regnum = [[Plantae]]
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===Pests and diseases===
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| ordo = [[Apiales]]
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==Species==
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| familia = [[Araliaceae]]
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Selected species{{wp}}:
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| subfamilia = [[Aralioideae]]
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*''[[Schefflera actinophylla]]'' (Umbrella Tree)
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| genus = '''''Schefflera'''''
 
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| genus_authority = [[Johann Reinhold Forster|J.R.Forst.]] & [[Georg Forster|G.Forst.]]
 
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| synonyms =  
 
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*''Actinomorphe'' <small>([[Miq.]]) [[Miq.]]</small>
 
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*''Actinophyllum'' <small>[[Ruiz]] & [[Pav.]]</small>
 
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*''Agalma'' <small>[[Miq.]]</small>
 
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*''Astropanax'' <small>[[Seem.]]</small>
 
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*''Bakeria'' <small>[[Seem.]]</small>
 
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*''Brassaia'' <small>[[Endl.]]</small>
 
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*''Cephaloschefflera'' <small>([[Harms]]) [[Merr.]]</small>
 
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*''Crepinella'' <small>[[Marchal]]</small>
 
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*''Didymopanax'' <small>[[Decne.]] & [[Planch.]]</small>
 
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*''Dizygotheca'' <small>[[N.E.Br.]]</small>
 
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*''Geopanax'' <small>[[Hemsl.]]</small>
 
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*''Heptapleurum'' <small>[[Gaertn.]]</small>
 
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*''Neocussonia'' <small>[[Hutch.]]</small>
 
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*''Nesopanax'' <small>[[Seem.]]</small>
 
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*''Octotheca'' <small>[[R.Vig.]]</small>
 
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*''Parapanax'' <small>[[Miq.]]</small>
 
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*''Paratropia'' <small>([[Blume]]) [[A. P. de Candolle|DC.]]</small>
 
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*''Plerandra'' <small>[[A.Gray]]</small>
 
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*''Scheffleropsis'' <small>[[Ridl.]]</small>
 
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*''Sciadophyllum'' <small>[[P.Browne]]</small>
 
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*''Tupidanthus'' <small>[[Hook.f.]] & [[Thomson]]</small>
 
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| subdivision_ranks = Selected species
 
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| subdivision =
 
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*''[[Schefflera actinophylla]]''
 
 
*''[[Schefflera arboricola]]''
 
*''[[Schefflera arboricola]]''
 
*''[[Schefflera delavayi]]''
 
*''[[Schefflera delavayi]]''
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*''[[Schefflera urbaniana]]''
 
*''[[Schefflera urbaniana]]''
 
*''[[Schefflera venulosa]]''
 
*''[[Schefflera venulosa]]''
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For the complete list, see '''[[List of Schefflera species]]'''.
 
For the complete list, see '''[[List of Schefflera species]]'''.
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}}
 
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[[Image:Scheflera1.jpg|thumb|A variegated cultivar of ''Schefflera arboricola'']]
 
  
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'''''Schefflera''''' is a genus in the [[flowering plant]] family [[Araliaceae]]. The plants are [[tree]]s, [[shrub]]s or [[liana]]s growing 1-30 m tall, with woody stems and palmately compound leaves. The Circumscription of the genus has varied greatly. Phylogenetic studies have shown that the widely used broad circumscription as a pantropical genus of over 700 species is polyphyletic, but it remains to be seen how this will affect the classification of the genus.
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==Gallery==
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<gallery perrow=5>
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Several species are grown in pots as [[houseplant]]s, most commonly [[Schefflera actinophylla]], also known as the Umbrella Tree. Numerous [[cultivar]]s have been selected for various characters, most popularly for [[variegation|variegated]] or purple foliage. ''Schefflera'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]]n species including ''[[Batrachedra|Batrachedra arenosella]]'' (recorded on ''S. stellata'').
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File:Schefflera Actinaphylla.jpg|''[[Schefflera actinophylla]]''
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File:Scheflera1.jpg|''[[Schefflera arboricola]]''
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[[Image:Schefflera_wallichiana.jpg|thumb|''Schefflera wallichiana'']]
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File:ScheffleraDigitataLeaf.jpg|''[[Schefflera digitata]]''
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File:Schefflera elegantissima.jpg|''[[Schefflera elegantissima]]''
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==Name==
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File:Didymopanax morototoni.jpg|''[[Schefflera morototoni]]''
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The genus is named in honor of [[Jacob Christian Scheffler]], a [[Germans|German]] botanist who wrote about ''[[Asarum]]''.<ref name=Genaust1983>Helmut Genaust (1983): Etymologisches Wörterbuch der botanischen Pflanzennamen, 2. Auflage. Birkhäuser Verlag - ISBN 3-7643-1399-4</ref>
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File:Schefflera taiwaniana.jpg|''[[Schefflera taiwaniana]]''
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</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
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*Frodin, D. G. and R. Govaerts. 2004. World Checklist and Bibliography of Araliaceae. Kew Publishing.
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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*Plunkett, G. M., P. P. Lowry, D. G. Frodin and J. Wen. 2005. Phylogeny and geography of ''Schefflera'': pervasive polyphyly in the largest genus of Araliaceae. ''Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden'' 92: 202-224.
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
  
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[[Category:Araliaceae]]
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{{stub}}
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{{Apiales-stub}}
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__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 01:30, 21 May 2010


Schefflera arboricola


Plant Characteristics
Cultivation
Scientific Names

Araliaceae >

Schefflera >


If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!


Schefflera (pronounced /ˈʃɛflərə/)[1] is a genus in the flowering plant family Araliaceae. The plants are trees, shrubs or lianas, growing 1-30 m tall, with woody stems and palmately-compound leaves. The circumscription of the genus has varied greatly. Phylogenetic studies have shown that the widely-used broad circumscription as a pantropical genus of over 700 species is polyphyletic, but it remains to be seen how this will affect the classification of the genus.

Several species are grown in pots as houseplants, most commonly Schefflera actinophylla (Umbrella Tree) and Schefflera arboricola (Dwarf Umbrella Tree). Numerous cultivars have been selected for various characters, most popularly for variegated or purple foliage.


Read about Schefflera in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Schefflera (named after G. C. Scheffler). Including Heptapleurum, Paratropia, and Sciadophyllum. Araliaceae. Glabrous or pubescent trees or shrubs or sometimes climbing by means of switch-like branches, grown in the greenhouse or hardy in the far South.

Leaves various, mostly digitately compound, rarely simple and then usually mixed with compound lvs., very seldom double digitately compound: fls. in umbels, heads, or racemes, these mostly arranged racemosely, seldom in whorls; calyx-limb weakly developed, obscurely and shortly toothed or almost lacking; petals 5 or more (-15), mostly 5-6; stamens as many as the petals: fr. globose to ovate or elongated, sulcate or angled.—About 150 species in the tropical regions of the world. Paratropia Stelzneriana, Barb.-Rodr., belongs to this genus. See under Paratropia.

S. acuminata, Harms (Actinophyllum acuminatum, Pav. Sciadophyllum acuminatum, Poir.), has climbing sts. 10 ft. high, 7 - 11 oblong, obliquely acuminate, coriaceous lfts. and yellow fls. in small heads. May. Peru.—S. conica, Harms (Actinophyllum conicum, Pav. Sciadophyllum conicum, Poir.), has shrubby sts. 10 ft. high, 7-13 oblong, abruptly acuminate, coriaceous lfts., and small heads of whitish red fls. May. Peru.—S. polybotrya, Viguier (Paratropia polybotrya, Miq. Heptapleurum polybotryum, Seem.), is a sparingly branched shrub, 5-7 oblong-ovate to obovate-oblong, caudate-acuminate lfts. and long racemes of small green fls. Winter. Java. B.M. 6238.—S. Sciadophyllum, Harms (Aralia Sciadophyllum, Sw. Sciadophyllum Brownii, Spreng.), has tree-like sts. 10-15 ft. high, 7-11 nearly umbellate oblong-lanceolate, glabrous unequal lfts. and white fls. in heads which are in long compound racemes. Peru.—S. venulosa, Harms (Paratropia venulosa, Wight & Arn. Heptapleurum venulosum, Seem.), is a small glabrous tree or climbing shrub with glabrous entire acuminate lfts. and small compound panicles of greenish fls. India. Var. erythrostachya, Hort., differs in having very large lvs., broad lfts. and very tiny deep red fls., borne in a branched terminal panicle. Trop. Asia. B.M. 7402.—S. vitiensis. Seem. (Aralia vitiensis, Gray. Agalma vitiensis, Seem.), has digitate lvs., obovate-oblong, obtuse entire lfts., with horizontally spreading veins and 3-7 fls. in an umbel. Fiji Isls.CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


synonymswp (these should all be redirects to this page): Actinomorphe, Actinophyllum, Agalma, Astropanax, Bakeria, Brassaia, Cephaloschefflera, Crepinella, Didymopanax, Dizygotheca, Geopanax, Heptapleurum, Neocussonia, Nesopanax, Octotheca, Parapanax, Paratropia, Plerandra, Scheffleropsis, Sciadophyllum, Tupidanthus


Read about Schefflera in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

syn. Tupidanthus (Greek, mallet and flower, referring to the shape of the fl.-buds). Araliaceae. At first a glabrous small tree, becoming with age a tall climber: lvs. large, digitately compound; lfts. coriaceous, entire; stipules connate: umbellules arranged in a short panicle or compound umbel: fls. large for the order; petals connate in a leathery or fleshy hood; stamens numerous; disk convex: fr. leathery to fleshy, subglobose. One species, India. T. calyptratus, Hook. f. & Thoms. Lvs. digitate; lfts. 7-9, entire, 7 x 2 1/2 in., narrow-oblong, short-acuminate, narrowed at base; petiolules 2 in. long: main umbel about 3-rayed, branches 3 in. long with large bracts at their bases; umbellules 5-7-cleft: fls. green; stamens 50-70. India. B.M. 4908. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Species

Selected specieswp:

For the complete list, see List of Schefflera species.

Gallery

References

  1. ↑ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607

External links


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