Difference between revisions of "Solanum aviculare"

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{{SPlantbox
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|familia=Solanaceae
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|genus=Solanum
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|species=aviculare
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|common_name=Kangaroo apple, Poro poro
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|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|habit=shrub
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|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|Min ht box=3
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|Min ht metric=ft
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|Max ht box=12
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|Max ht metric=ft
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|height_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|Min wd box=3
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|Min wd metric=ft
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|Max wd box=12
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|Max wd metric=ft
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|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|poisonous=can be toxic
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|lifespan=perennial
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|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|exposure=part-sun
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|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|features=evergreen, flowers
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|flowers=blue, purple
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|Temp Metric=°F
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|min_zone=9
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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|max_zone=11
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|image=Poroporo.jpg
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|image_width=240
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|image_caption=Poroporo
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}}
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'''''Solanum aviculare''''', commonly called '''Poroporo''' (New Zealand) or '''Kangaroo Apple''' (Australia), is a soft-wooded shrub native to [[New Zealand]] and the east coast of [[Australia]].
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It can grow up to 12 feet tall (4 meters). The leaves are, 8–30 cm long, lobed or entire, with any lobes being 1–10 cm long.
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Its [[hermaphroditic]] (having both male and female organs) [[flowers]] are white, mauve to blue-violet, 25–40 mm wide, and are followed by [[poisonous]] berries 10–15 mm wide, orange-red to scarlet.<!-- <ref> ''Solanum aviculare'' profile, New South Wales Online.[http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Solanum~aviculare]</ref> [link dead as of 2008-Sep-27] -->
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{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
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Solanum aviculare, Forst. (S. laciniatum, Ait.). A leafy unarmed soft-wooded glabrous shrub 4-8 ft. high, with spreading branches, smooth or marked with raised lines decurrent from the petioles: lvs. variable in size and shape, 4-12 in. long or sometimes even longer, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, entire or irregularly pinnatifid and the lobes linear or lanceolate and acute: fls. in cymose clusters in the axils of the upper lvs. or lateral; calyx-lobes broad and obtuse, with an abrupt point; corolla violet, 3/4-l in. diam., the lobes short and broad: fr. a broad ovoid edible berry 3/4-l in. long, yellowish. New Zeal.; also common in many parts of Austral., Tasmania, and in Norfolk Isl. B. M. 349.
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Solanum aviculare, Forst. (S. laciniatum, Ait.). A leafy unarmed soft-wooded glabrous shrub 4-8 ft. high, with spreading branches, smooth or marked with raised lines decurrent from the petioles: lvs. variable in size and shape, 4-12 in. long or sometimes even longer, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, entire or irregularly pinnatifid and the lobes linear or lanceolate and acute: fls. in cymose clusters in the axils of the upper lvs. or lateral; calyx-lobes broad and obtuse, with an abrupt point; corolla violet, 3/4-l in. diam., the lobes short and broad: fr. a broad ovoid edible berry 3/4-l in. long, yellowish. New Zeal.; also common in many parts of Austral., Tasmania, and in Norfolk Isl.
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{{SCH}}
 
}}
 
}}
  
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{{Taxobox
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==Cultivation==
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = Poroporo
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| image = Poroporo.jpg
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===Propagation===
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| image_width = 250px
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| image_caption = Poroporo
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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===Pests and diseases===
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| divisio = [[flowering plants|Tracheobionta]]
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| classis = [[dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
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| subclassis = [[Asteridae]]
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==Varieties==
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| ordo = [[Solanales]]
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There is some uncertainty whether ''S. aviculare'' and ''[[Solanum laciniatum|S. laciniatum]]'' are one or two species. ''S. aviculare'' has lighter flowers and is found in the northern part of the [[North Island]] of New Zealand, while ''S. laciniatum'' has darker purple flowers and is found south of [[Auckland]].
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| familia = [[Solanaceae]]
 
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| genus = ''[[Solanum]]''
 
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| species = '''''S. aviculare'''''
 
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| binomial = ''Solanum aviculare''
 
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| binomial_authority = Forst
 
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}}
 
  
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'''Poroporo''' (''Solanum aviculare '' and ''S. laciniatum''), also called Kangaroo Apple, is a soft-wooded plant and one of three [[nightshade]]s native to [[New Zealand]] and the eastern coast of [[Australia]]. It's an evergreen shrub that can grow up to 12 feet tall (4 meters). Its [[hermaphroditic]] (having both male and female organs) flowers are white to mauve and yield to poisonous berries. The berries, once ripened, are no longer poisonous.
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In addition to this and the [[junior synonym]]s cited above, two [[variety (botany)|varieties]] of ''S. aviculare'' have been named, but they are not considered [[taxonomical]]ly distinct anymore:<ref name = ss2006 />
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* ''Solanum aviculare'' var. ''albiflorum'' <small>Cheeseman</small>
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* ''Solanum aviculare'' var. ''latifolium'' <small>G.T.S.Baylis</small>
  
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The [[leaf|leaves]] and unripe [[fruit]] of the poroporo are [[poison]]ous and only the ripe berries can be safely eaten. The plant is also used in the manufacture of some contraceptive pills. The plant is also used as a rootstock for grafting [[eggplant]].
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==Gallery==
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<gallery perrow=5>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
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There is some uncertainty whether ''S. aviculare'' and ''S. laciniatum'' are actually the same plant. While they may be varieties of the same [[species]], ''S. aviculare'' has lighter flowers and is found in the northern part of the [[North Island]] of New Zealand, while ''S. laciniatum'' has darker purple flowers and is found south of [[Auckland]].
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==References==
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<references/>
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
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*[http://www.sbs.auckland.ac.nz/info/schools/nzplants/food_tree_solanum.htm Plants of New Zealand] ''S. aviculare''
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*{{wplink}}
  
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[[Category:Solanum]]
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Trees of New Zealand]]
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__NOTOC__
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[[Category:Flora of Australia]]
 
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[[Category:Flora of Norfolk Island]]
 

Latest revision as of 18:05, 1 June 2010


Poroporo


Plant Characteristics
Habit   shrub

Height: ⇕ 3 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 3. to 12 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 12.
Width: ⇔ 3 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 3. to 12 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 12.
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Poisonous: ☠ can be toxic
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ part-sun
Features: ✓ evergreen, flowers
USDA Zones: 9 to 11
Flower features: ❀ blue, purple
Scientific Names

Solanaceae >

Solanum >

aviculare >


Solanum aviculare, commonly called Poroporo (New Zealand) or Kangaroo Apple (Australia), is a soft-wooded shrub native to New Zealand and the east coast of Australia.

It can grow up to 12 feet tall (4 meters). The leaves are, 8–30 cm long, lobed or entire, with any lobes being 1–10 cm long.

Its hermaphroditic (having both male and female organs) flowers are white, mauve to blue-violet, 25–40 mm wide, and are followed by poisonous berries 10–15 mm wide, orange-red to scarlet.


Read about Solanum aviculare in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Solanum aviculare, Forst. (S. laciniatum, Ait.). A leafy unarmed soft-wooded glabrous shrub 4-8 ft. high, with spreading branches, smooth or marked with raised lines decurrent from the petioles: lvs. variable in size and shape, 4-12 in. long or sometimes even longer, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, entire or irregularly pinnatifid and the lobes linear or lanceolate and acute: fls. in cymose clusters in the axils of the upper lvs. or lateral; calyx-lobes broad and obtuse, with an abrupt point; corolla violet, 3/4-l in. diam., the lobes short and broad: fr. a broad ovoid edible berry 3/4-l in. long, yellowish. New Zeal.; also common in many parts of Austral., Tasmania, and in Norfolk Isl. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Varieties

There is some uncertainty whether S. aviculare and S. laciniatum are one or two species. S. aviculare has lighter flowers and is found in the northern part of the North Island of New Zealand, while S. laciniatum has darker purple flowers and is found south of Auckland.

In addition to this and the junior synonyms cited above, two varieties of S. aviculare have been named, but they are not considered taxonomically distinct anymore:[1]

  • Solanum aviculare var. albiflorum Cheeseman
  • Solanum aviculare var. latifolium G.T.S.Baylis

Gallery

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

  1. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ss2006

External links


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