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Solanum aviculare (view source)

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{{SPlantbox
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|familia=Solanaceae
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|genus=Solanum
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|species=aviculare
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|common_name=Kangaroo apple, Poro poro
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|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|habit=shrub
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|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|Min ht box=3
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|Min ht metric=ft
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|Max ht box=12
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|Max ht metric=ft
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|height_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|Min wd box=3
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|Min wd metric=ft
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|Max wd box=12
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|Max wd metric=ft
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|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|poisonous=can be toxic
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|lifespan=perennial
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|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|exposure=part-sun
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|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|features=evergreen, flowers
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|flowers=blue, purple
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|Temp Metric=°F
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|min_zone=9
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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|max_zone=11
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|image=Poroporo.jpg
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|image_width=240
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|image_caption=Poroporo
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}}
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'''''Solanum aviculare''''', commonly called '''Poroporo''' (New Zealand) or '''Kangaroo Apple''' (Australia), is a soft-wooded shrub native to [[New Zealand]] and the east coast of [[Australia]].
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It can grow up to 12 feet tall (4 meters). The leaves are, 8–30 cm long, lobed or entire, with any lobes being 1–10 cm long.
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Its [[hermaphroditic]] (having both male and female organs) [[flowers]] are white, mauve to blue-violet, 25–40 mm wide, and are followed by [[poisonous]] berries 10–15 mm wide, orange-red to scarlet.<!-- <ref> ''Solanum aviculare'' profile, New South Wales Online.[http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Solanum~aviculare]</ref> [link dead as of 2008-Sep-27] -->
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{{Inc|
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Solanum aviculare, Forst. (S. laciniatum, Ait.). A leafy unarmed soft-wooded glabrous shrub 4-8 ft. high, with spreading branches, smooth or marked with raised lines decurrent from the petioles: lvs. variable in size and shape, 4-12 in. long or sometimes even longer, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, entire or irregularly pinnatifid and the lobes linear or lanceolate and acute: fls. in cymose clusters in the axils of the upper lvs. or lateral; calyx-lobes broad and obtuse, with an abrupt point; corolla violet, 3/4-l in. diam., the lobes short and broad: fr. a broad ovoid edible berry 3/4-l in. long, yellowish. New Zeal.; also common in many parts of Austral., Tasmania, and in Norfolk Isl. B. M. 349.
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Solanum aviculare, Forst. (S. laciniatum, Ait.). A leafy unarmed soft-wooded glabrous shrub 4-8 ft. high, with spreading branches, smooth or marked with raised lines decurrent from the petioles: lvs. variable in size and shape, 4-12 in. long or sometimes even longer, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, entire or irregularly pinnatifid and the lobes linear or lanceolate and acute: fls. in cymose clusters in the axils of the upper lvs. or lateral; calyx-lobes broad and obtuse, with an abrupt point; corolla violet, 3/4-l in. diam., the lobes short and broad: fr. a broad ovoid edible berry 3/4-l in. long, yellowish. New Zeal.; also common in many parts of Austral., Tasmania, and in Norfolk Isl.
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{{SCH}}
 
}}
 
}}
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{{Taxobox
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==Cultivation==
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = Poroporo
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| image = Poroporo.jpg
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===Propagation===
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| image_width = 250px
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| image_caption = Poroporo
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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===Pests and diseases===
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| divisio = [[flowering plants|Tracheobionta]]
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| classis = [[dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
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| subclassis = [[Asteridae]]
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==Varieties==
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| ordo = [[Solanales]]
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There is some uncertainty whether ''S. aviculare'' and ''[[Solanum laciniatum|S. laciniatum]]'' are one or two species. ''S. aviculare'' has lighter flowers and is found in the northern part of the [[North Island]] of New Zealand, while ''S. laciniatum'' has darker purple flowers and is found south of [[Auckland]].
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| familia = [[Solanaceae]]
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| genus = ''[[Solanum]]''
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| species = '''''S. aviculare'''''
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| binomial = ''Solanum aviculare''
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| binomial_authority = Forst
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}}
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'''Poroporo''' (''Solanum aviculare '' and ''S. laciniatum''), also called Kangaroo Apple, is a soft-wooded plant and one of three [[nightshade]]s native to [[New Zealand]] and the eastern coast of [[Australia]]. It's an evergreen shrub that can grow up to 12 feet tall (4 meters). Its [[hermaphroditic]] (having both male and female organs) flowers are white to mauve and yield to poisonous berries. The berries, once ripened, are no longer poisonous.
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In addition to this and the [[junior synonym]]s cited above, two [[variety (botany)|varieties]] of ''S. aviculare'' have been named, but they are not considered [[taxonomical]]ly distinct anymore:<ref name = ss2006 />
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* ''Solanum aviculare'' var. ''albiflorum'' <small>Cheeseman</small>
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* ''Solanum aviculare'' var. ''latifolium'' <small>G.T.S.Baylis</small>
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The [[leaf|leaves]] and unripe [[fruit]] of the poroporo are [[poison]]ous and only the ripe berries can be safely eaten. The plant is also used in the manufacture of some contraceptive pills. The plant is also used as a rootstock for grafting [[eggplant]].
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==Gallery==
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<gallery perrow=5>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
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There is some uncertainty whether ''S. aviculare'' and ''S. laciniatum'' are actually the same plant. While they may be varieties of the same [[species]], ''S. aviculare'' has lighter flowers and is found in the northern part of the [[North Island]] of New Zealand, while ''S. laciniatum'' has darker purple flowers and is found south of [[Auckland]].
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==References==
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<references/>
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
    
==External links==
 
==External links==
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*[http://www.sbs.auckland.ac.nz/info/schools/nzplants/food_tree_solanum.htm Plants of New Zealand] ''S. aviculare''
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*{{wplink}}
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[[Category:Solanum]]
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Trees of New Zealand]]
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__NOTOC__
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[[Category:Flora of Australia]]
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[[Category:Flora of Norfolk Island]]
 
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