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Acacia berlandieri (view source)

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{{Plantbox
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{{SPlantbox
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| color = IndianRed
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|familia=Fabaceae
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| sunset_zones = 12, 13, 26-29
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|genus=Acacia
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| name = ''Acacia berlandieri''
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|species=berlandieri
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| image = Acacia berlandieri branch.jpg
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|common_name=Berlandier's acacia, Guajillo, Plains acacia
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|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|Min ht box=10
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|Min ht metric=ft
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|Max ht box=17
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|height_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|Min wd metric=ft
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|Max wd box=17
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|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|lifespan=perennial
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|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|exposure=sun, part-sun
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|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|features=flowers
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|flower_season=early spring, mid spring, late spring
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|flower_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|flowers=white
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|Temp Metric=°F
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|min_zone=8
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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|max_zone=9
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|sunset_zones=12, 13, 26-29
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|image=Acacia berlandieri branch.jpg
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|image_width=220
 
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{{about|the shrub|the chili pepper|Guajillo chili}}
   
'''''Acacia berlandieri''''' ('''Berlandier Acacia''', '''Guajillo Acacia''', '''guajillo''', '''huajillo''') is a [[shrub]] native to the [[Southwestern United States]] that belongs to the [[Mimosaceae]] (wattle family). It grows 1m to 5m tall, with [[blossom]]s that are spherical and white, occurring from February through April.<ref name "npin">[http://wildflower.utexas.edu/plants/result.php?id_plant=ACBE University of Texas Native Plant Information Network]</ref>  The ''berlandieri'' epithet comes from the name of [[Jean-Louis Berlandier]]<ref>
 
'''''Acacia berlandieri''''' ('''Berlandier Acacia''', '''Guajillo Acacia''', '''guajillo''', '''huajillo''') is a [[shrub]] native to the [[Southwestern United States]] that belongs to the [[Mimosaceae]] (wattle family). It grows 1m to 5m tall, with [[blossom]]s that are spherical and white, occurring from February through April.<ref name "npin">[http://wildflower.utexas.edu/plants/result.php?id_plant=ACBE University of Texas Native Plant Information Network]</ref>  The ''berlandieri'' epithet comes from the name of [[Jean-Louis Berlandier]]<ref>
 
{{cite book
 
{{cite book
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   | accessdate =  2007-04-01
 
   | accessdate =  2007-04-01
 
   | doi =10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00240-9}}</ref>
 
   | doi =10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00240-9}}</ref>
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[[Image:Acacia-berlandieri-flowers.jpg|thumb|left|250px|''Acacia berlandieri'' Foliage and Flowers]]
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[[Image:Acacia-berlandieri-habit.jpg|thumb|left|250px|''Acacia berlandieri'' Tree]]
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[[Image:Acacia-berlandieri-bark.jpg|thumb|left|250px|''Acacia berlandieri'' Bark]]
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[[Image:Acacia-berlandieri-pods.jpg|thumb|left|250px|''Acacia berlandieri'' Flowers and Seed Pods]]
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[[Image:Acacia berlandieri seeds.jpg|thumb|left|250px|''Acacia berlandieri'' Seeds]]
      
==Cultivation==
 
==Cultivation==
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==Propagation==
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==Pests and diseases==
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===Propagation===
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== Uses ==
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''A. berlandieri'' is toxic to [[livestock]] and thus should not be used as [[forage]] or [[fodder]].<ref>[http://texnat.tamu.edu/cmplants/toxic/plants/guajillo.html Texas Toxic Plants]</ref>
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== Alkaloids ==
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===Pests and diseases===
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''A. berlandieri'' contains a number of diverse [[alkaloids]], the most plentiful of which are [[N-Methylphenethylamine|N-methylphenethylamine]], [[tyramine]], and [[phenethylamine]]. In a recent study, researchers identified thirty-one alkaloids in samples of plant foliage, including trace amounts of five [[amphetamine]]s previously believed to be human inventions:<ref>[http://www.cognitiveliberty.org/shulgin/adsarchive/acacia.htm Ask Dr. Shulgin Online: Acacias and Natural Amphetamine]</ref> amphetamine, [[methamphetamine]], [[N,N-Dimethylamphetamine|N,N-dimethylamphetamine]], [[p-Hydroxyamphetamine|p-hydroxyamphetamine]] and [[PMA|p-methoxyamphetamine]]. Other trace alkaloids include [[dimethyltryptamine|DMT]] (found in many related species), [[nicotine]], and [[mescaline]] (found in many [[cacti]] but infrequently in other plants). The same group of researchers later reported finding most of the same alkaloids in ''[[Acacia rigidula|A. rigidula]]'', a related species also native to the Southwestern U.S. The findings, however, have never been confirmed or repeated, leading some researchers to believe the results were the result of cross-contamination.
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==History==
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==Taxonomy==
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==Varieties==
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{{Taxbox
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| color = IndianRed
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| ordo = [[Fabales]]
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| familia = [[Fabaceae]]
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| subfamilia = [[Mimosoideae]]
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| tribus = Acacieae
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| genus = ''[[Acacia]]''
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| species = '''''A. berlandieri'''''
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| binomial = ''Acacia berlandieri''
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| binomial_authority = [[George Bentham|Benth.]]
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| range_map = Acacia-berliandieri-range-map.png
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| range_map_caption = Range of ''Acacia berlandieri''
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| status = G4
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| status_system = TNC
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}}
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==Distribution and habitat==
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== References ==
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==Gallery==
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<gallery perrow=5>
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Image:Acacia-berlandieri-flowers.jpg|''Acacia berlandieri'' Foliage and Flowers
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Image:Acacia-berlandieri-habit.jpg|''Acacia berlandieri'' Tree
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Image:Acacia-berlandieri-bark.jpg|''Acacia berlandieri'' Bark
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Image:Acacia-berlandieri-pods.jpg|''Acacia berlandieri'' Flowers and Seed Pods
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Image:Acacia berlandieri seeds.jpg|''Acacia berlandieri'' Seeds
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</gallery>
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==References==
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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== External links ==
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==External links==
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*[http://uvalde.tamu.edu/pdf/chemtdaf.pdf Chemistry of Acacia's from South Texas]
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*{{wplink}}
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{{wikispecies|Acacia berlandieri}}
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[[Category:Acacia|Berlandieri, Acacia]]
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
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__NOTOC__
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[[Category:Shrubs]]
 
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