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{{SPlantbox
| name = ''LATINNAME'' <!--- replace LATINNAME with the actual latin name -->
|familia=Oleaceae
| common_names = <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
|genus=Fraxinus
| growth_habit = ? <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
|species=nigra
| high = ? <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
|taxo_author=Marshall
| wide = <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
|common_name=Black ash, Swamp ash
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
| poisonous = <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
|habit=tree
| lifespan = <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
| exposure = ? <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
|Max ht box=50
| water = ? <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
|Max ht metric=ft
| features = <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
|height_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
| hardiness = <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
|Max wd box=25
| bloom = <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
|Max wd metric=ft
| usda_zones = ? <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
| sunset_zones = <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
|lifespan=perennial
| color = IndianRed
|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
| image = Upload.png <!--- Freesia.jpg -->
|exposure=sun
| image_width = 240px <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
| image_caption = <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->
|Temp Metric=°F
| regnum = Plantae <!--- Kingdom -->
|min_zone=7
| divisio = <!--- Phylum -->
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
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|image=Fraxinus nigra leaves.jpg
| familia = <!--- Family -->
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| species =
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'''''Fraxinus nigra''''' ('''Black Ash''') is a species of ''[[Fraxinus]]'' (ash) native to much of eastern [[Canada]] and the northeastern [[United States]], from western [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]] west to southeastern [[Manitoba]], and south to [[Illinois]] and northern [[Virginia]].<ref name=grin>Germplasm Resources Information Network: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?301 ''Fraxinus nigra'']</ref>
It is a medium-sized [[deciduous]] [[tree]] reaching 15–20 m (exceptionally 26 m) tall with a trunk up to 60 cm (exceptionally 160 cm) diameter. The [[bark]] is grey, thick and corky even on young trees, becoming scaly and fissured with age. The winter buds are dark brown to blackish, with a velvety texture. The [[leaf|leaves]] are opposite, pinnate, with 7–13 (most often 9) leaflets; each leaf is 20–45 cm long, the leaflets 7–16 cm long and 2.5–5 cm broad, with a finely toothed margin. The leaflets are sessile, directly attached to the rachis without a [[petiole (botany)|petiolule]]. The [[flower]]s are produced in spring shortly before the new leaves, in loose [[panicle]]s; they are inconspicuous with no petals, and are wind-pollinated. The [[fruit]] is a [[Samara (fruit)|samara]] 2.5–4.5 cm long comprising a single [[seed]] 2 cm long with an elongated apical wing 1.5–2 cm long and 6–8 mm broad.<ref name=nb>New Brunswick tree and shrub: [http://scf.rncan.gc.ca/subsite/mx-212/blackash ''Fraxinus nigra'']</ref><ref name=vplants>Virtual Herbarium of the Chicago Region: [http://www.vplants.org/plants/species/species.jsp?gid=17018 ''Fraxinus nigra'']</ref><ref name=usfs>USDA Forest Service Silvics Manual: [http://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/silvics_manual/volume_2/fraxinus/nigra.htm ''Fraxinus nigra'']</ref>
It commonly occurs in [[swamp]]s, often with the closely related [[Fraxinus pennsylvanica|Green Ash]]. The fall foliage is yellow. Black Ash is one of the first trees to lose its leaves in the fall.
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Fraxinus nigra, Marsh. (F. sambucifolia, Lam.). Black Ash. Tree, to 80 ft.: lfts. 9-11, sessile, oblong-lanceolate, rounded at the base, acuminate, sharply serrate, green on both sides, dark above, 3-6 in. long: anthers broadly oblong: fr. narrow-oblong, with dccurrent wing. From Canada to Va., west to Mo.
Fraxinus nigra, Marsh. (F. sambucifolia, Lam.). Black Ash. Fig. 1576. Tree, to 80 ft.: lfts. 9-11, sessile, oblong-lanceolate, rounded at the base, acuminate, sharply serrate, green on both sides, dark above, 3-6 in. long: anthers broadly oblong: fr. narrow-oblong, with dccurrent wing. From Canada to Va., west to Mo. 8.8.5:264,265. Em. 382.
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