Difference between revisions of "Calanthe"

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''LATINNAME''  <!--- replace LATINNAME with the actual latin name -->
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| common_names =    <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = Calanthe-triplicata.jpg
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = Calanthe triplicata
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Liliopsida
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| ordo = Asparagales
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| familia = Orchidaceae
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| tribus = Arethuseae
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| genus = Calanthe
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| species =
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| subspecies =
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| cultivar =
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}}
 
{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
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Calanthe (Greek for beautiful flower). Orchidaceae. Sub-epiphytal or terrestrial hothouse orchids found in the eastern hemisphere, and sparingly in the western hemisphere.
  
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Calanthe (Greek for beautiful flower). Orchidaceae. Sub-epiphytal or terrestrial hothouse orchids found in the eastern hemisphere, and sparingly in the western hemisphere.
 
 
Scapes erect, many-fld.: Ivs. broad, plaited: fls. white or rose-colored, rarely yellow: pseudobulbs angulate, with grayish green sheaths in the Vestitae section, but absent in the Veratrifoliae section.—Forty to 50 species in tropics of both hemispheres.
 
Scapes erect, many-fld.: Ivs. broad, plaited: fls. white or rose-colored, rarely yellow: pseudobulbs angulate, with grayish green sheaths in the Vestitae section, but absent in the Veratrifoliae section.—Forty to 50 species in tropics of both hemispheres.
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Most of the species and the numerous varieties grown are deciduous, losing the foliage about the time of flowering, and, at this season, water is given sparingly until the flowers are cut; then the bulbs are kept in a dry warm place until signs of growth in spring. All calanthes are terrestrial and should be potted each year in fibrous loam, with a small portion of old manure and sand mixed in. Use plenty of drainage as for other orchids, and about 2 inches of soil; secure the bulbs firmly by means of part of the old wiry roots; water very sparingly until active root-action takes place; but, when in full growth, weak manure-water may be given at each watering. The young foliage is very sensitive to sun, and must be shaded as soon as it develops; keep the plants near the glass and give all light possible, and the warmest treatment permitted in orchid culture. They enjoy a little heat, even in summertime, from the pipes at night. The best place to grow calanthes is a sunken, well-heated pit facing south, lowering the plant as the foliage nears the glass. Calantheveratrifolia is an evergreen species and may be treated similarly to the Phaius. Calanthes are easily increased by separation of the bulbs at the time of repotting. Young bulbs are often produced from the apex of old ones; old ones will start again the second year and make increase. (E. O. Orpet.)
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Most of the species and the numerous varieties grown are deciduous, losing the foliage about the time of flowering, and, at this season, water is given sparingly until the flowers are cut; then the bulbs are kept in a dry warm place until signs of growth in spring. All calanthes are terrestrial and should be potted each year in fibrous loam, with a small portion of old manure and sand mixed in. Use plenty of drainage as for other orchids, and about 2 inches of soil; secure the bulbs firmly by means of part of the old wiry roots; water very sparingly until active root-action takes place; but, when in full growth, weak manure-water may be given at each watering. The young foliage is very sensitive to sun, and must be shaded as soon as it develops; keep the plants near the glass and give all light possible, and the warmest treatment permitted in orchid culture. They enjoy a little heat, even in summertime, from the pipes at night. The best place to grow calanthes is a sunken, well-heated pit facing south, lowering the plant as the foliage nears the glass. Calantheveratrifolia is an evergreen species and may be treated similarly to the Phaius. Calanthes are easily increased by separation of the bulbs at the time of repotting. Young bulbs are often produced from the apex of old ones; old ones will start again the second year and make increase.{{SCH}}
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}}
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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}}
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==Species==
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'''Bold text'''{{Taxobox
 
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| color = lightgreen
 
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| name = ''Calanthe''
 
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| image = Calanthe-triplicata.jpg
 
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| image_width = 240px
 
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| image_caption = ''[[Calanthe triplicata]]''
 
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
 
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| classis = [[Monocotyledon|Liliopsida]]
 
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| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
 
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| familia = [[Orchidaceae]]
 
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| subfamilia = [[Epidendroideae]]
 
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| tribus = [[Arethuseae]]
 
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| subtribus = [[Bletiinae]]
 
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| alliance = Calanthe
 
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| genus = '''''Calanthe'''''
 
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| genus_authority = [[Robert Brown (botanist)|R.Br.]]
 
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
 
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| subdivision =  
 
 
*''[[Calanthe cardioglossa]]''
 
*''[[Calanthe cardioglossa]]''
 
*''[[Calanthe discolor]]''
 
*''[[Calanthe discolor]]''
 
*''[[Calanthe triplicata]]''
 
*''[[Calanthe triplicata]]''
 
*''[[Calanthe vestita]]''
 
*''[[Calanthe vestita]]''
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<H3>Synonymy</H3>
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The following orchid genera have been included into ''Calanthe'':
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*'''''Alismorkis'''''
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*'''''Amblyglottis'''''
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*'''''Aulostylis'''''
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*'''''Calanthidum'''''
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*'''''Centrosia'''''
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*'''''Centrosis'''''
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*'''''Cytheris'''''
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*'''''Ghiesbreghtia'''''
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*'''''Limatodes'''''
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*'''''Paracalanthe'''''
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*'''''Preptanthe'''''
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*'''''Styloglossum'''''
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*'''''Sylvalismis'''''
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{{Inc|
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C. argyraea, Koern. Lvs. very short, unequal, oblong-lanceolate, sbort-acuminate, above deep green and ash-colored, beneath purple. Country unknown.—C. arrecta, Lind. & Andre. Tall: lvs. oblong, red beneath, green above, with the nerves all prominent. Ecuador. I.H. 18:77.—C. bambusacea, Poepp. & Endl.~Ischnosiphon.—C. Baraquinii, Regel. Lvs. oval-lanceolate, green, with bands of white. Brazil.—C. fascinator, Hort. Dwarf: Ivs broad-ovate-oblong, purplish beneath, green above and with blotches of lighter color and transverse narrow bars of red. Brazil. I.H. 41:104 (as Maranta Fascinator).—C. gigas. Gagnep. Eight ft.: If.-blade lanceolate, 2 ft. long, 8-10 in. broad, violet-purple when young but becoming green; petioles 5 ft. long: spike cylindric, about 4 in. long, bearing 8 pairs of yellow-and-white fls. Trop. Amer.— C. hieroglyphica, Lind. & Andre. Dwarf: Ivs. short-ovate, short-pointed, purplish beneath, green above and marked by many oblique bands or bars of silvery white. Colombia. I.H. 20:122-3.—C. Kerchoneana, Hort.~Maranta bicolor var.—C. Lageriana, Hort. Lvs. large, dark red beneath, the prominent veins rich bronze.—C. major, Hort.~Ischnosiphon.—C. Massangeana, Hort.~Maranta bicolor var Massangeana.—C. medio-picta, Makoy (Maranta prasina. Bull). Lvs. oval-lanceolate and tapering to both ends, dark green, with the rib feathered with white from base to summit. Brazil.—C. musaica, Hort. (Maranta musiaca, Bull). A dwarf-growing species with obliquely cordate ovate Ivs. 4-6 in. long, glabrous, acute, upper side pale shining green marked with numerous close set transverse veins of a lighter shade; petiole 3-6 in. long. Brazil.— C. Oppenheimiana. Morr.— Ctenanthe.—C. pardina. Planch. & Lind.~C. villosa.—C. smaragdina, Lind. & Andre~Monotagma.—C. splendens and splendida, Hort.~Maranta splendida.—C. villosa, Lindl. Large: Ivs. 10:20 in. long, oblong-ovate, pale green, with dark brown angular blotches: fls. yellow. S. Amer. F.S. 11:1101-2 (as C.pardina); also, Lowe, 32.{{SCH}}
 
}}
 
}}
  
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'''''Calanthe''''' is a widespread [[genus]] of terrestrial [[orchid]]s ([[family (biology)|family]] Orchidaceae) with about 150 [[species]]. The genus is found in all [[Tropics|tropical]] areas, but mostly concentrated in [[Asia]].
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
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''Calanthe discolor'' is widely grown by the name '''Ebine''' ('''海老根'''、meaning of "[[Root]] like the [[shrimp]]") in [[Japan]].  
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==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
  
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The genus is divided into 2 groups: [[deciduous]] species and [[evergreen]] ones.
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
  
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===[[Synonymy]]===
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{{stub}}
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The following orchid genera have been included into ''Calanthe'':
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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*'''''Alismorkis''''' <small>[[Louis Marie Aubert du Petit Thouars|Thouars]]</small>
 
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*'''''Amblyglottis''''' <small>[[Karl Blume|Blume]]</small>
 
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*'''''Aulostylis''''' <small>[[Rudolf Schlechter|Schltr.]]</small>
 
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*'''''Calanthidum''''' <small>[[Ernst Hugo Heinrich Pfitzer|Pfitzer]]</small>
 
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*'''''Centrosia''''' <small>[[A.Rich.]]</small>
 
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*'''''Centrosis''''' <small>[[Louis Marie Aubert du Petit Thouars|Thouars]]</small>
 
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*'''''Cytheris''''' <small>[[John Lindley|Lindl.]]</small>
 
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*'''''Ghiesbreghtia''''' <small>[[A.Rich.]] & [[Galeotti]]</small>
 
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*'''''Limatodes''''' <small>[[Karl Blume|Blume]]</small>
 
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*'''''Paracalanthe''''' <small>[[Kudô]]</small>
 
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*'''''Preptanthe''''' <small>[[Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach|Rchb.f.]]</small>
 
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*'''''Styloglossum''''' <small>[[Breda]]</small>
 
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*'''''Sylvalismis''''' <small>[[Louis Marie Aubert du Petit Thouars|Thouars]]</small>
 
  
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[[Category:Orchids of Australia]]
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<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->
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[[Category:Orchid genera]]
 

Latest revision as of 22:56, 12 May 2009


Calanthe triplicata


Plant Characteristics
Origin: ✈ ?
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ ?"?" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property.
Water: ◍ ?"?" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property.
Scientific Names

Orchidaceae >

Calanthe >



Read about Calanthe in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Calanthe (Greek for beautiful flower). Orchidaceae. Sub-epiphytal or terrestrial hothouse orchids found in the eastern hemisphere, and sparingly in the western hemisphere.

Scapes erect, many-fld.: Ivs. broad, plaited: fls. white or rose-colored, rarely yellow: pseudobulbs angulate, with grayish green sheaths in the Vestitae section, but absent in the Veratrifoliae section.—Forty to 50 species in tropics of both hemispheres. Most of the species and the numerous varieties grown are deciduous, losing the foliage about the time of flowering, and, at this season, water is given sparingly until the flowers are cut; then the bulbs are kept in a dry warm place until signs of growth in spring. All calanthes are terrestrial and should be potted each year in fibrous loam, with a small portion of old manure and sand mixed in. Use plenty of drainage as for other orchids, and about 2 inches of soil; secure the bulbs firmly by means of part of the old wiry roots; water very sparingly until active root-action takes place; but, when in full growth, weak manure-water may be given at each watering. The young foliage is very sensitive to sun, and must be shaded as soon as it develops; keep the plants near the glass and give all light possible, and the warmest treatment permitted in orchid culture. They enjoy a little heat, even in summertime, from the pipes at night. The best place to grow calanthes is a sunken, well-heated pit facing south, lowering the plant as the foliage nears the glass. Calantheveratrifolia is an evergreen species and may be treated similarly to the Phaius. Calanthes are easily increased by separation of the bulbs at the time of repotting. Young bulbs are often produced from the apex of old ones; old ones will start again the second year and make increase.CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Do you have cultivation info on this plant? Edit this section!

Propagation

Do you have propagation info on this plant? Edit this section!

Pests and diseases

Do you have pest and disease info on this plant? Edit this section!

Species

Synonymy

The following orchid genera have been included into Calanthe:

  • Alismorkis
  • Amblyglottis
  • Aulostylis
  • Calanthidum
  • Centrosia
  • Centrosis
  • Cytheris
  • Ghiesbreghtia
  • Limatodes
  • Paracalanthe
  • Preptanthe
  • Styloglossum
  • Sylvalismis


Read about Calanthe in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

C. argyraea, Koern. Lvs. very short, unequal, oblong-lanceolate, sbort-acuminate, above deep green and ash-colored, beneath purple. Country unknown.—C. arrecta, Lind. & Andre. Tall: lvs. oblong, red beneath, green above, with the nerves all prominent. Ecuador. I.H. 18:77.—C. bambusacea, Poepp. & Endl.~Ischnosiphon.—C. Baraquinii, Regel. Lvs. oval-lanceolate, green, with bands of white. Brazil.—C. fascinator, Hort. Dwarf: Ivs broad-ovate-oblong, purplish beneath, green above and with blotches of lighter color and transverse narrow bars of red. Brazil. I.H. 41:104 (as Maranta Fascinator).—C. gigas. Gagnep. Eight ft.: If.-blade lanceolate, 2 ft. long, 8-10 in. broad, violet-purple when young but becoming green; petioles 5 ft. long: spike cylindric, about 4 in. long, bearing 8 pairs of yellow-and-white fls. Trop. Amer.— C. hieroglyphica, Lind. & Andre. Dwarf: Ivs. short-ovate, short-pointed, purplish beneath, green above and marked by many oblique bands or bars of silvery white. Colombia. I.H. 20:122-3.—C. Kerchoneana, Hort.~Maranta bicolor var.—C. Lageriana, Hort. Lvs. large, dark red beneath, the prominent veins rich bronze.—C. major, Hort.~Ischnosiphon.—C. Massangeana, Hort.~Maranta bicolor var Massangeana.—C. medio-picta, Makoy (Maranta prasina. Bull). Lvs. oval-lanceolate and tapering to both ends, dark green, with the rib feathered with white from base to summit. Brazil.—C. musaica, Hort. (Maranta musiaca, Bull). A dwarf-growing species with obliquely cordate ovate Ivs. 4-6 in. long, glabrous, acute, upper side pale shining green marked with numerous close set transverse veins of a lighter shade; petiole 3-6 in. long. Brazil.— C. Oppenheimiana. Morr.— Ctenanthe.—C. pardina. Planch. & Lind.~C. villosa.—C. smaragdina, Lind. & Andre~Monotagma.—C. splendens and splendida, Hort.~Maranta splendida.—C. villosa, Lindl. Large: Ivs. 10:20 in. long, oblong-ovate, pale green, with dark brown angular blotches: fls. yellow. S. Amer. F.S. 11:1101-2 (as C.pardina); also, Lowe, 32.CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Gallery

If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links


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