Difference between revisions of "Oleaceae"

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{{Taxobox
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = ''Oleaceae''
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| name = Oleaceae
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| common_names =     <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = Olive-tree-fruit-august-0.jpg
 
| image = Olive-tree-fruit-august-0.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_width = 240px   <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = [[Olive]] (''Olea europaea'')
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| image_caption = Olive (''Olea europaea'')
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| subclassis = [[Asteridae]]
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| ordo = Lamiales
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| unranked_ordo = [[Euasterids I]]
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| familia = Oleaceae
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| ordo = [[Lamiales]]
 
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| familia = '''Oleaceae'''
 
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| familia_authority = [[Johann Centurius Hoffmannsegg|Hoffmannsegg]] & [[Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link|Link]]
 
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| subdivision_ranks = [[Genera]]
 
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| subdivision =
 
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24 living, 1 recently [[extinct]]; see text
 
 
}}
 
}}
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{{Inc|
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Oleaceae (from the genus Olea, derived from the Greek meaning, originally, olive tree, and later oil, i. e., olive oil). Olive Family. Fig. 49. Trees or shrubs: leaves opposite, simple or pinnate: flowers bisexual or unisexual, regular, small and numerous; calyx 4-lobed, rarely 4-15-lobed, valvate; corolla 4-lobed, rarely 6-12-lobed, gamopetalous, rarely polypetalous, or 0, hypogynous, valvate; stamens 2, rarely 3—5, epipetalous, alternate with the corolla-lobes; ovary superior, 2-celled; ovules usually 2 in each cell; style 1 or 0; stigmas 1-2: fruit a drupe, berry, capsule, or samara.
  
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'''Oleaceae''', the olives and relatives, is a [[plant]] [[family (biology)|family]] containing 24 extant [[genera]] of [[woody plants]] (and one recently [[extinct]]), including [[shrub]]s, [[tree]]s and [[vine]]s. They are characterised by opposite leaves that may be simple or pinnately-compound. The [[calyx]] and [[corolla]] are four-lobed.
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Oleaceae has 20 genera and more than 400 species, of temperate and tropical lands; these are especially abundant in the East Indies and East Asia. About 1O species are native in northeastern North America. Fossil species are known. The family is related to the Loganiaceae; possibly also to the Celastraceae and Rubiaceae. The numerical plan of 4, the 2 stamens and the superior ovary are important distinctive characteristics.
  
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Many members of the family are economically significant. The [[olive]] proper (''Olea europaea'') is extremely important for its [[fruit]] and the [[Vegetable oil|oil]] extracted from it. The [[ash tree|ashes]], genus ''Fraxinus'', are valued for their tough [[wood]], and [[forsythia]], [[lilac]]s, [[jasmine]]s, [[privet]]s, and [[fringetree]]s are all valued as [[landscaping]] plants.
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The most useful plant is the olive (Olea europaea) of the Orient, long cultivated in the Mediterranean-region. The oil expressed from the fruit is used as food, and for other purposes. The unripe fruits, preserved in brine, are the olives of commerce. The bark of the fringe tree and privet contains medicinal principles of minor importance, as do also the leaves of the lilac. A saccharine exudation from the bark of Fraxinus Ornus of Sicily, induced by the puncture of a cicada, is manna (See, also, Tamarix mannifera). The wood of olive and ash are valuable. The flowers of Osmanthus fragrans have been used to scent tea in China.
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A dozen genera are in cultivation in North America: Chionanthus (Fringe Tree), hardy; Forsythia (Golden Bell), hardy; Fontanesia, hardy; Fraxinus (Ash), hardy: Jasminum (Jasmine, Jessamine), of the greenhouse and the South; Ligustrum (Privet), hardy; Olea (Olive), not hardy; Osmanthus (Fragrant Olive and Devil-1 wood), not hardy; Phillyrea, not hardy; Schrebera, not hardy; and Syringa (Lilac), hardy.{{SCH}}
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}}
  
 
==Genera==
 
==Genera==
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*''[[Syringa]]'' &ndash; lilacs
 
*''[[Syringa]]'' &ndash; lilacs
  
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{{commonscat}}
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
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==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
  
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{{Lamiales-stub}}
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
  
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
 
[[Category:Plant families]]
 
[[Category:Plant families]]
 
[[Category:Oleaceae|*]]
 
[[Category:Oleaceae|*]]

Latest revision as of 05:17, 14 May 2009


Olive (Olea europaea)


Plant Characteristics
Cultivation
Scientific Names

Oleaceae >



Read about Oleaceae in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Oleaceae (from the genus Olea, derived from the Greek meaning, originally, olive tree, and later oil, i. e., olive oil). Olive Family. Fig. 49. Trees or shrubs: leaves opposite, simple or pinnate: flowers bisexual or unisexual, regular, small and numerous; calyx 4-lobed, rarely 4-15-lobed, valvate; corolla 4-lobed, rarely 6-12-lobed, gamopetalous, rarely polypetalous, or 0, hypogynous, valvate; stamens 2, rarely 3—5, epipetalous, alternate with the corolla-lobes; ovary superior, 2-celled; ovules usually 2 in each cell; style 1 or 0; stigmas 1-2: fruit a drupe, berry, capsule, or samara.

Oleaceae has 20 genera and more than 400 species, of temperate and tropical lands; these are especially abundant in the East Indies and East Asia. About 1O species are native in northeastern North America. Fossil species are known. The family is related to the Loganiaceae; possibly also to the Celastraceae and Rubiaceae. The numerical plan of 4, the 2 stamens and the superior ovary are important distinctive characteristics.

The most useful plant is the olive (Olea europaea) of the Orient, long cultivated in the Mediterranean-region. The oil expressed from the fruit is used as food, and for other purposes. The unripe fruits, preserved in brine, are the olives of commerce. The bark of the fringe tree and privet contains medicinal principles of minor importance, as do also the leaves of the lilac. A saccharine exudation from the bark of Fraxinus Ornus of Sicily, induced by the puncture of a cicada, is manna (See, also, Tamarix mannifera). The wood of olive and ash are valuable. The flowers of Osmanthus fragrans have been used to scent tea in China.

A dozen genera are in cultivation in North America: Chionanthus (Fringe Tree), hardy; Forsythia (Golden Bell), hardy; Fontanesia, hardy; Fraxinus (Ash), hardy: Jasminum (Jasmine, Jessamine), of the greenhouse and the South; Ligustrum (Privet), hardy; Olea (Olive), not hardy; Osmanthus (Fragrant Olive and Devil-1 wood), not hardy; Phillyrea, not hardy; Schrebera, not hardy; and Syringa (Lilac), hardy.CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Genera

Gallery

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  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links

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