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Caprifoliaceae (view source)

Revision as of 17:53, 19 May 2009

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''Caprifoliaceae''
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| common_names = Honeysuckle family
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = honeysuckle_w_y.jpg
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = Lonicera japonica
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = Dipsacales
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| familia = Caprifoliaceae
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}}
 
{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Caprifoliaceae (from the old genus Caprifolium, meaning a goat-leaf, possibly in reference to the climbing habit). Honeysuckle Family. Fig. 55. Shrubs, very rarely herbs: leaves opposite, simple or pinnate: flowers bisexual, regular or irregular; calyx 4-5-toothed, or 4-5-fid; corolla gamopetalous, 4-5-lobed, tubular or rotate; stamens of the same number as the corolla-lobes and alternate with them, epipetalous; ovary inferior, 1-5-celled; each cell 1 to many-ovuled; style 1 or obsolete; stigmas 1-5: fruit a berry or capsule.
 
Caprifoliaceae (from the old genus Caprifolium, meaning a goat-leaf, possibly in reference to the climbing habit). Honeysuckle Family. Fig. 55. Shrubs, very rarely herbs: leaves opposite, simple or pinnate: flowers bisexual, regular or irregular; calyx 4-5-toothed, or 4-5-fid; corolla gamopetalous, 4-5-lobed, tubular or rotate; stamens of the same number as the corolla-lobes and alternate with them, epipetalous; ovary inferior, 1-5-celled; each cell 1 to many-ovuled; style 1 or obsolete; stigmas 1-5: fruit a berry or capsule.
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Many species of Honeysuckle exhale a sweet odor after sunset. The berries of Lonicera Caprifolium are said to be diuretic; those of L. Xylosteum are laxative. The berries of the European elder (Sambucus nigra), and of the American elder (S. canadensis) are cooked and eaten and are also made into wine. The dried flowers of elder were formerly used in cases of fever. The roots of the North American Triosteum perfoliatum furnish a kind of ipecac. Other species are locally used in medicine. Many are ornamental.
 
Many species of Honeysuckle exhale a sweet odor after sunset. The berries of Lonicera Caprifolium are said to be diuretic; those of L. Xylosteum are laxative. The berries of the European elder (Sambucus nigra), and of the American elder (S. canadensis) are cooked and eaten and are also made into wine. The dried flowers of elder were formerly used in cases of fever. The roots of the North American Triosteum perfoliatum furnish a kind of ipecac. Other species are locally used in medicine. Many are ornamental.
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Eight or 10 genera are in cultivation in N. America: Viburnum (Sheepberry, Hobble-bush. Wayfaring Tree, Arrowwood, High Cranberry, Snowball Bush); Sambucus (Elder); Triosteum (Feverwort, Horse Gentian. Wild Ipecac); Symphoricarpos (Snowberry, Coral Berry); Abelia; Diervilla (Weigela, Bush Honeysuckle); Linnaea (Twin-flower); Lonicera (Bush and Climbing Honeysuckles, Woodbine, Trumpet Honeysuckle).
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Eight or 10 genera are in cultivation in N. America: Viburnum (Sheepberry, Hobble-bush. Wayfaring Tree, Arrowwood, High Cranberry, Snowball Bush); Sambucus (Elder); Triosteum (Feverwort, Horse Gentian. Wild Ipecac); Symphoricarpos (Snowberry, Coral Berry); Abelia; Diervilla (Weigela, Bush Honeysuckle); Linnaea (Twin-flower); Lonicera (Bush and Climbing Honeysuckles, Woodbine, Trumpet Honeysuckle).{{SCH}}
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{{SCH}}
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{{Taxobox
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = Caprifoliaceae
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| image = honeysuckle_w_y.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_caption = ''Lonicera japonica''
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| divisio = [[flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
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| ordo = [[Dipsacales]]
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| familia = '''Caprifoliaceae'''
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| subdivision_ranks = Genera
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| subdivision =
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See text.
   
}}
 
}}
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The '''Caprifoliaceae''' or '''honeysuckle family''' is a [[clade]] consisting of about 800 [[dicotyledon]]ous [[flowering plant]]s, with a nearly [[cosmopolitan distribution]]; centres of diversity are found in eastern [[North America]] and eastern [[Asia]], while they are absent in tropical and southern [[Africa]].
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==Genera==
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Source: Wikipedia{{wp}}
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They are mostly [[shrub]]s and [[vine]]s, rarely herbs, including some ornamental garden plants in temperate regions. The [[leaf|leaves]] are mostly opposite with no stipules (= appendage at the base of a leafstalk or [[leaf |petiole]]), and may be either [[evergreen]] or [[deciduous]]. The [[flower]]s are tubular funnel-shaped or bell-like, usually with five outward spreading lobes or points, and are often fragrant. They usually form a small calyx with small bracts. The [[fruit]] is in most cases a [[berry]] or a [[drupe]]. The genera, ''Diervilla'' and ''Weigela'', have [[Capsule (fruit)|capsular]] fruit.
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==Taxonomy==
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(with approximate numbers of species).
      
Much of the debate over the taxonomy of this group has been settled. Two of the most familiar members of the family, the [[elderberry|elder]] and the [[viburnum]], have been moved into [[Adoxaceae]], along with some other genera.
 
Much of the debate over the taxonomy of this group has been settled. Two of the most familiar members of the family, the [[elderberry|elder]] and the [[viburnum]], have been moved into [[Adoxaceae]], along with some other genera.
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*''[[Silvianthus]]'' : 2 species.
 
*''[[Silvianthus]]'' : 2 species.
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==Uses==
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==Gallery==
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The plants belonging to this family are mainly hardy [[ornamental plant|ornamental]] shrubs or vines, many popular garden shrubs, especially ''Lonicera''. A few have become invasive weeds outside of their native ranges (such as ''Lonicera japonica'').
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==References==
 
==References==
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*Flowering Plants of the World, 1987, Vernon H. Heywood, Andromeda Oxford Ltd., ISBN 90-5210-165-5
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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*Botanica,  Gordon Cheers, Random House Australia, ISBN 3-8290-1953-X
      
==External links==
 
==External links==
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*[http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/caprifol.htm Caprifoliaceae] in [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval.] http://delta-intkey.com
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*{{wplink}}
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*[http://www.life.umd.edu/emeritus/reveal/pbio/usda/usdac.html Concordance of Angiosperm Family Names]
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*[http://www.speciesaccounts.org/Caprifoliaceae.htm Species account : Caprifoliaceae]
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*[http://www.inform.umd.edu/EdRes/Colleges/LFSC/life_sciences/.plant_biology/pb450/compcorn.html Comparison Table for the Cornidae]
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
 
[[Category:Plant families]]
 
[[Category:Plant families]]
 
[[Category:Caprifoliaceae| ]]
 
[[Category:Caprifoliaceae| ]]
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[[Category:Dipsacales| ]]
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