Difference between revisions of "Calendula officinalis"

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Calendula officinalis, Linn. Pot Marigold. Fig. 741. Annual: 1-2 ft. high, more or less hairy: Ivs. oblong and more or less clasping, entire, thickish: heads solitary, on stout stalks, large with flat spreading rays, showy, closing at night. S. Eu. B.M. 3204. V. 5:44; 16:165.—One of the most universal garden fls., running into many vars., distinguished by size, color, and degree of doubling. The color varies from white-yellow to deep orange. This is the marygold of Shakespeare's time. The fl.-heads are sometimes used in cookery, to flavor soups and stews. The calendula is of the easiest culture in any warm, loose soil. The seeds are usually sown where the plants are to stand, but they may be sown indoors or in a frame and the plants transplanted. The achenes are large and germinate quickly. The plant blooms the whole season, particularly if the fls. are picked. It is a hardy annual, and in the southern states will bloom most of the year. In the N. it blooms up to the first frosts, sometimes beyond. Sown in summer or autumn, it makes a good winter bloomer. Florets are used in medicine as a vulnerary and anti-emetic. The flowering plant was formerly used for removing warts.
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| name = ''Calendula officinalis''
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| common_names = Pot Marigold, English Marigold
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'''Bold text'''{{Taxobox
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| growth_habit = herbaceous
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| color = lightgreen
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| high = ?m (1-2 ft){{SSN}}
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| name = ''Calendula''
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan = annual
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| exposure = full sun{{SSN}}
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| water = moderate{{SSN}}
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| features = flowers
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = All zones
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| sunset_zones = All zones{{SSN}}
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = Calendula officinalis.jpg
 
| image = Calendula officinalis.jpg
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| image_width = 250px
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
 
| image_caption = Pot Marigold (''Calendula officinalis'')
 
| image_caption = Pot Marigold (''Calendula officinalis'')
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = [[Asterales]]
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| ordo = Asterales
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| familia = [[Asteraceae]]
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| familia = Asteraceae
 
| tribus = Calenduleae
 
| tribus = Calenduleae
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| genus = [[Calendula]]
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| genus = Calendula
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| species = '''''C. officinalis'''''
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| species = officinalis
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| binomial = ''Calendula officinalis''
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| subspecies =
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| binomial_authority = [[L.]]
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| cultivar =  
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}}
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Calendula officinalis, Linn. Pot Marigold. Annual: 1-2 ft. high, more or less hairy: lvs. oblong and more or less clasping, entire, thickish: heads solitary, on stout stalks, large with flat spreading rays, showy, closing at night. S. Eu.—One of the most universal garden fls., running into many vars., distinguished by size, color, and degree of doubling. The color varies from white-yellow to deep orange. This is the marygold of Shakespeare's time. The fl.-heads are sometimes used in cookery, to flavor soups and stews. The calendula is of the easiest culture in any warm, loose soil. The seeds are usually sown where the plants are to stand, but they may be sown indoors or in a frame and the plants transplanted. The achenes are large and germinate quickly. The plant blooms the whole season, particularly if the fls. are picked. It is a hardy annual, and in the southern states will bloom most of the year. In the N. it blooms up to the first frosts, sometimes beyond. Sown in summer or autumn, it makes a good winter bloomer.{{SCH}}
 
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'''Pot Marigold''' or '''English Marigold''' (''Calendula officinalis'') is a plant in the [[Calendula]] genus. It was used in ancient Greek, Roman, Arabic and Indian cultures as a medicinal herb as well as a dye for fabrics, foods and cosmetics.
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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The leaves and petals of the Pot Marigold are edible, with the petals added to dishes as a garnish and in lieu of [[saffron]]. The leaves can be sweet but are more commonly bitter, and may be used as or as part of salad. 
 
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It is also used in [[homeopathic medicine]] (in a gel form) as a way to promote the healing of minor burns, scrapes and skin irritations.
 
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==Medical Uses==
 
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Flowers harvested between June and September are most potent.
 
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Hot '''calendula tea''' helps soothe ulcers. Gargle with cool tea for inflamed tonsils or canker sores.
 
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'''To make the tea:'''
 
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-Pour 10 oz of boiling water over 2/3 cup of dried flowers and let steep for 15 minutes.
 
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Or
 
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-Add 5-10 drops of calendula tincture to a cup of hot water.
 
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'''Ointment''' is used on scabs, eczema and psoriasis.
 
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'''To make the ointment:'''
 
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-Melt 1/2 cup of petroleum jelly over low heat in a double boiler
 
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-Add a handful of dried calendula flowers
 
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-Heat on low for an hour
 
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-Strain out herb and pour into glass jar
 
  
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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'''Tincture or spray''' can be applied to rashes, cuts, scrapes, or acne with a cotton ball. Spraying is good for sunburns, vaginitis and pinworms.
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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==Species==
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<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
  
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To dry the flowers themselves, put it on a mesh in direct sun for 1-2 weeks. Afterwards, store in an air tight container.
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
  
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== Pharmacology ==
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
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Plants are used for the treatment of skin disorders and pain, and as a bactericide, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory.  The petals and pollen contain triterpenoid esters (an anti-inflammatory) and the carotenoids flavoxanthin and auroxanthin (antioxidants, and the source of the yellow-orange coloration). The leaves and stems contain other carotenoids, mostly lutein (80%) and zeaxanthan (5%), and beta-carotene. Plant extracts are also widely used by cosmetics, presumably due to presence of compounds such as saponins, resins and essential oils.  Organic extracts have even been tentatively shown to inhibit HIV-1. [http://www.raysahelian.com/marigold.html]
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==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
  
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== External Links ==
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==External links==
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* [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-calendula.html MedlinePlus Herbs and Supplements: Calendula]
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*{{wplink}}
  
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{{commons|Calendula officinalis}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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[[Category:Calendula]]
  
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[[Category:Asteraceae]]
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<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->
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[[Category:Leaf vegetables]]
 
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[[Category:Garden plants]]
 
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[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
 

Revision as of 16:42, 1 June 2009


Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis)


Plant Characteristics
Lifespan: ⌛ annual
Origin: ✈ ?
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ [[Exposure::full sunsn]]
Water: ◍ [[Water::moderatesn]]
Features: ✓ flowers
Sunset Zones: [[Sunset zones::All zonessn]]
Scientific Names

Asteraceae >

Calendula >

officinalis >



Read about Calendula officinalis in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Calendula officinalis, Linn. Pot Marigold. Annual: 1-2 ft. high, more or less hairy: lvs. oblong and more or less clasping, entire, thickish: heads solitary, on stout stalks, large with flat spreading rays, showy, closing at night. S. Eu.—One of the most universal garden fls., running into many vars., distinguished by size, color, and degree of doubling. The color varies from white-yellow to deep orange. This is the marygold of Shakespeare's time. The fl.-heads are sometimes used in cookery, to flavor soups and stews. The calendula is of the easiest culture in any warm, loose soil. The seeds are usually sown where the plants are to stand, but they may be sown indoors or in a frame and the plants transplanted. The achenes are large and germinate quickly. The plant blooms the whole season, particularly if the fls. are picked. It is a hardy annual, and in the southern states will bloom most of the year. In the N. it blooms up to the first frosts, sometimes beyond. Sown in summer or autumn, it makes a good winter bloomer.CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

Gallery

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References

External links


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