Difference between revisions of "Celtis australis"

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Celtis australis, Linn. Tree, to 60 ft.: lvs. oblique, broadly cuneate or rounded at the base, ovate-oblong, long- acuminate, pubescent beneath, 2½-5 in. long: fr. over ½in. long, dark purple, sweet; pedicels 2-3 times longer than the petioles. Medit. region to Persia. H.W. 3:40, p. 11.—Not hardy N.
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| name = ''Celtis australis''
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}}
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| common_names = European nettle tree, European Hackberry, Lote tree
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{{Taxobox
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| growth_habit = tree
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| color = lightgreen
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| name = European nettle tree
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =     <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = Illustration Celtis australis0.jpg
 
| image = Illustration Celtis australis0.jpg
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| image_width = 250px
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| image_width = 180px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = ''Celtis australis''
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| image_caption = Celtis australis
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| regnum = Plantae
 
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
 
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
 
| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
 
| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
 
| ordo = [[Rosales]]
 
| ordo = [[Rosales]]
 
| familia = [[Cannabaceae]]
 
| familia = [[Cannabaceae]]
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| genus = '''''Celtis'''''
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| genus = '''''Celtis
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| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
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}}
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{{Inc|
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Celtis australis, Linn. Tree, to 60 ft.: lvs. oblique, broadly cuneate or rounded at the base, ovate-oblong, long- acuminate, pubescent beneath, 2½-5 in. long: fr. over ½in. long, dark purple, sweet; pedicels 2-3 times longer than the petioles. Medit. region to Persia.—Not hardy N.{{SCH}}
 
}}
 
}}
  
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The '''European nettle tree''' also known as '''European Hackberry''' or '''Lote tree''' (''Celtis australis''), is a [[deciduous]] [[tree]] that can be among 20 to 25 metres of height.
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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'''Leaves:''' Simple, alternate, and sharp-toothed are rough on top, and furry underneath., 5 to 15 cms long and dark grey/green throughout the year fading to a pale yellow before falling in autumn.
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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'''Flowers:''' The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) small and green without petals, either singly or in small clusters. Not effective ornamentally.
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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'''Fruit:''' Small, dark-purple berries ([[drupes]]), 1 cm  wide hang in short clusters and are extremely popular with birds and other wildlife.
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==Species==
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<!-- This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
  
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'''Bark:''' Smooth, gray bark develops picturesque corky warts and ridges as it matures.
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
  
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==Habitat==
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<gallery>
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The plant prefers light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils, requires well-drained soil and can grow in nutritionally poor soil. The plant prefers acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It requires dry or moist soil and can tolerate drought.
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Habitats and Possible Locations
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
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==Uses==
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==References==
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It is often planted as an ornamental as it is resistant to air pollution and long-living.  
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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The fruit of this tree is are sweet and edible, and can be eaten raw or cooked. The leaves and fruit are astringent, lenitive and stomachic. decoction of both leaves and fruit is used in the treatment of amenorrhoea, heavy menstrual and intermenstrual bleeding and colic. The decoction can also be used to astringe the mucous membranes in the treatment of diarrhoea, dysentery and peptic ulcers
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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A yellow dye is obtained from the bark
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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Wood - very tough, pliable, durable. Widely used by turners. The flexible thin shoots are used as walking sticks. An excellent fuel
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
  
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==History==
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==External links==
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The European Nettle, ''Celtis australis'', is supposed to have been the Lotus of the ancients, whose fruit [[Herodotus]], [[Dioscorides]], and [[Theophrastus]] describe as sweet, pleasant, and wholesome.  [[Homer]] has [[Odysseus|Ulysses]] refer to the "Lotus-eaters" and the "lotus" in ''Odyssey, Book IX''.<ref name=Keeler>{{cite book
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*{{wplink}}
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  | last =Keeler
 
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  | first =Harriet L.
 
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  | title =Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them
 
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  | publisher =Charles Scriber's Sons
 
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  | date =1900
 
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  | location =New York
 
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  | pages =249-252 }}</ref>
 
  
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==References==
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{{stub}}
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{{reflist}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
  
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[[Category:Cannabaceae]]
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Revision as of 19:30, 17 June 2009


Celtis australis


Plant Characteristics
Origin: ✈ ?
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ ?"?" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property.
Water: ◍ ?"?" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property.
Scientific Names

[[Cannabaceae]] >

'''''Celtis >


[[familia::Cannabaceae| ]]


Read about Celtis australis in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Celtis australis, Linn. Tree, to 60 ft.: lvs. oblique, broadly cuneate or rounded at the base, ovate-oblong, long- acuminate, pubescent beneath, 2½-5 in. long: fr. over ½in. long, dark purple, sweet; pedicels 2-3 times longer than the petioles. Medit. region to Persia.—Not hardy N.CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

Gallery

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  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links


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