Difference between revisions of "Red Valerian"

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''Centranthus ruber''
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| common_names = Red Valerian, Jupiter's beard
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| growth_habit = herbaceous
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| high = 16-28in
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| wide =    <!--- 20in (65cm) -->
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| origin = [[Mediterranean]]
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan = perennial
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| exposure =    <!--- sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = drought tolerant
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| features = flowers, hardy, naturalizes, pH
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 40F (5C), etc -->
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| bloom = spring to early fall
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| usda_zones = 5a-10
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = GardenValerian.jpg
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| image_width = 200px
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| image_caption =    <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = Dipsacales
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| familia = Valerianaceae
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| genus = Centranthus
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| species = ruber
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}}
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'''Red valerian''' is a popular [[gardening|garden]] flower, sometimes called just Valerian, which is a mistake as that is a completely different species (and genus?).
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A popular garden plant which can take very poor conditions, which has made it successful in naturalizing in large sections of the world, including [[Great Britain]] and the [[United States]], especially the west, and especially in disturbed, rocky places at elevations below 200m or by the roadside or in urban wasteland. It tolerate highly [[alkali]]ne soil, even growing freely in old walls despite the lime in their mortar.
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It usually grows as a [[subshrub]] though it can take any form from a [[herb]] to a [[shrub]] depending on conditions. Plants usually get woody at the base. Leaves are generally 5-8 cm long with a shape that changes from the bottom to the top of the plant, the lower leaves being petioled while the upper leaves are sessile. Red Valerian flowers profusely for a long period, in any shade from the more common purplish reds to white. The inflorescences are large and showy, with a strong rank scent: they are pollinated by [[bee]]s and [[butterfly|butterflies]], with the plant known for attracting insects.
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{{Inc|
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Centranthus ruber, DC. Red Valerian. Jupiter's Beard. Perennial, 1-3 ft., smooth and glaucous, forming a compact and floriferous bushy plant: lvs. ovate to lanceolate, some of them toothed at base but mostly entire: fls. numerous, deep crimson to pale red, fragrant. Eu., E. —A very handsome old garden plant, too much neglected; blooms all summer; excellent for cutting. Increased by division; also by seeds. There is a white-fld. form (var. albus).
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}}
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==Cultivation==
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{{monthbox
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| color = IndianRed
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| name = Red valerian
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| jan =
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| feb = sow
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| mar = sow
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| apr = transplant
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| may = transplant
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| jun = flowering
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| jul = flowering
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| aug = flowering
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| sep = flowering
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| oct =
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| nov =
 +
| dec =
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| notes =
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}}
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Needs regular water only when the plants are getting established, after which they are extremely drought tolerant.  Cut back old dead flowers to encourage new blooms, which come from spring to early fall.  Cutting off dead flower heads also prevents unwanted self-seeding.
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===Propagation===
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Tip cuttings, seed sown in spring.  Self sows.
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===Pests and diseases===
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It is used as a food plant by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including [[Angle Shades]].
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==Cultivars==
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==Gallery==
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<!-- For plants with a lot of photos - a gallery can be added below, otherwise remove this section!  -->
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==References==
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*{{wplink}}
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881926248  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?Centranthus+ruber Jepson manual species treatment]
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*[http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Centranthus+ruber&CAN=LATIND Entry in the Plants for a Future database]
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*[http://elib.cs.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?where-taxon=Centranthus+ruber Images from the CalPhotos archive
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]

Latest revision as of 21:19, 17 June 2009


GardenValerian.jpg


Plant Characteristics
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈ [[Origin::Mediterranean]]
Cultivation
Water: ◍ drought tolerant"drought tolerant" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property.
Features: ✓ flowers, hardy"Hardy" is not in the list (evergreen, deciduous, flowers, fragrance, edible, fruit, naturalizes, invasive, foliage, birds, ...) of allowed values for the "Features" property., naturalizes, pH"PH" is not in the list (evergreen, deciduous, flowers, fragrance, edible, fruit, naturalizes, invasive, foliage, birds, ...) of allowed values for the "Features" property.
Scientific Names

Valerianaceae >

Centranthus >

ruber >


Red valerian is a popular garden flower, sometimes called just Valerian, which is a mistake as that is a completely different species (and genus?).

A popular garden plant which can take very poor conditions, which has made it successful in naturalizing in large sections of the world, including Great Britain and the United States, especially the west, and especially in disturbed, rocky places at elevations below 200m or by the roadside or in urban wasteland. It tolerate highly alkaline soil, even growing freely in old walls despite the lime in their mortar.

It usually grows as a subshrub though it can take any form from a herb to a shrub depending on conditions. Plants usually get woody at the base. Leaves are generally 5-8 cm long with a shape that changes from the bottom to the top of the plant, the lower leaves being petioled while the upper leaves are sessile. Red Valerian flowers profusely for a long period, in any shade from the more common purplish reds to white. The inflorescences are large and showy, with a strong rank scent: they are pollinated by bees and butterflies, with the plant known for attracting insects.


Read about Red Valerian in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Centranthus ruber, DC. Red Valerian. Jupiter's Beard. Perennial, 1-3 ft., smooth and glaucous, forming a compact and floriferous bushy plant: lvs. ovate to lanceolate, some of them toothed at base but mostly entire: fls. numerous, deep crimson to pale red, fragrant. Eu., E. —A very handsome old garden plant, too much neglected; blooms all summer; excellent for cutting. Increased by division; also by seeds. There is a white-fld. form (var. albus).


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Red valerian calendar?
January:
February: sow
March: sow
April: transplant
May: transplant
June: flowering
July: flowering
August: flowering
September: flowering
October:
November:
December:
Notes:

Needs regular water only when the plants are getting established, after which they are extremely drought tolerant. Cut back old dead flowers to encourage new blooms, which come from spring to early fall. Cutting off dead flower heads also prevents unwanted self-seeding.

Propagation

Tip cuttings, seed sown in spring. Self sows.

Pests and diseases

It is used as a food plant by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Angle Shades.

Cultivars

Gallery

References

External links

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