Difference between revisions of "Passiflora caerulea"

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{{Taxobox
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = ''Passiflora ''
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| name = Blue Passion Flower
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| common_names = Blue Passion Flower, Common Passion Flower
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| growth_habit = vine
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| high =    <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = S [[Brazil]], [[Argentina]]
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan = perennial
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| exposure = full sun
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| water = regular to moderate
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| features = flowers
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5[[Celsius|°C]], etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones =    <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones = 5-9, 12-29
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = South Central Farm 45.jpg
 
| image = South Central Farm 45.jpg
 
| image_width = 240px
 
| image_width = 240px
 
| image_caption = ''Passiflora caerulea'' in flower
 
| image_caption = ''Passiflora caerulea'' in flower
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = [[Malpighiales]]
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| ordo = Malpighiales
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| familia = [[Passifloraceae]]
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| familia = Passifloraceae
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| genus = ''[[Passiflora]]''
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| genus = Passiflora
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| species = '''''P. caerulea'''''
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| species =  
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| binomial = ''Passiflora caerulea''
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| subspecies =
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| binomial_authority = L.
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| cultivar =  
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}}
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{{Inc|
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Passiflora caerulea, Linn. Fig. 2772. Slender, but a strong
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grower, glabrous and somewhat glaucous: lvs. divided nearly to the
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petiole into 5 lanceolate or lance-elliptic entire sharp-pointed
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segms. of which the 2 lower ones are sometimes again lobed: fl. 3-4
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in. across, slightly fragrant, greenish white, the sepals tipped with
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a short point, the rays of the corona in 2 series, blue at the tip,
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white in the middle and purple at the base, the styles light purple.
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Brazil. B.M. 28. Gn. 31, p. 421; 34, p. 114; 46, p. 369. G. 3:611.
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J.H. III. 47:57.— The commonest of passion-flowers in American
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greenhouses, and now represented by several named forms and hybrids.
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It can be grown in the open in the S. and in Calif, as far north as
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San Francisco. Var. grandiflora, Hort., is only a somewhat
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larger-fld. form. Constance Elliott (P. caerulea var. alba}, is a
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white-fld. fragrant form. G.C. III. 43:186. Gn. 31:420. There are
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hybrids with P. Raddiana, P. racemosa, P. alata, and others. P.
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caerulea grows readily from seeds.
 
}}
 
}}
  
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The '''Blue Passion Flower''' (''Passiflora caerulea''), also known as the '''Common Passion Flower''', is a [[vine]] native to southern [[Brazil]] and [[Argentina]] (where it is known as the ''Pasionaria'' or ''Mburucuyá'' in [[Guaraní]]). These names may also be applied to [[Passiflora edulis]] sometimes known as the ''passionfruit'.
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Dies to ground in cold winter areas.
  
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It is popular with gardeners because of its intricate, scented [[flower]]s that have an almost plastic-looking appearance. The unusual shape of the flowers has led to the plant being associated in [[Christianity|Christian]] symbolism with the passion of [[Jesus]]; the three stigmas representing the three [[nail (engineering)|nail]]s used to nail Jesus to the [[crucifixion|cross]], the [[ovary (plants)|ovary]] and its stalk represent the chalice of the [[Last Supper]], the five [[anther]]s represent the five [[wound]]s, the corona represents the [[crown of thorns]], the ten 'petals' (actually five petals and five sepals) the [[Twelve apostles|apostles]] (save [[Judas Iscariot|Judas]] the traitor and [[St Peter|Peter]] the denyer); the old leaves also represent the hands of those who persecuted him, the young leaves the point of the lance used to stab him, and the tendrils the whips of those who beat him.
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:''More information about this species can be found on the [[Passiflora|genus page]].''
  
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===Description===
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==Cultivation==
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A woody vine capable of growing to 15&ndash;20&nbsp;m height where supporting [[tree]]s are available. The [[leaf|leaves]] are alternate, palmately five-lobed like a spread [[hand]] (sometimes three or seven lobes), 10&ndash;18&nbsp;cm long and wide. The base of each leaf has a flagellate twining tendril 5&ndash;10&nbsp;cm long, which twines round supporting vegetation to hold the plant up.
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{{monthbox
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| color = IndianRed
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| name = <!--- type name of plant just to the right of the equal sign on the left -->
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| jan =
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| feb =
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| mar =
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| apr =
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| may =
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| jun =
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| jul =
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}}
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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The [[flower]] is complex, about 10 cm diameter, with the five sepals and petals similar in appearance, whitish in colour, surmounted by a corona of blue or violet filaments, then five greenish-yellow [[stamen]]s and three purple [[carpel|stigma]]s. Usually fragrant. The [[fruit]] is an oval orange-yellow [[berry]] 6 cm long by 4 cm diameter, containing numerous [[seed]]s; it is eaten and the seeds spread by [[mammal]]s and [[bird]]s. In tropical climates it will flower all year round.
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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===[[Cultivars]]===
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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==Cultivars==
 
*''' 'Chinensis' '''. Corona filaments paler blue.
 
*''' 'Chinensis' '''. Corona filaments paler blue.
 
*''' 'Constance Elliott' '''. Was raised by Kucombe and Prince in Exeter, Great Britain. It has pure white, fragrant flowers. Not as free flowering as many other [[Cloning|clones]].
 
*''' 'Constance Elliott' '''. Was raised by Kucombe and Prince in Exeter, Great Britain. It has pure white, fragrant flowers. Not as free flowering as many other [[Cloning|clones]].
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The species has been used in numerous [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]].
 
The species has been used in numerous [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]].
  
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===Cultivation and uses===
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==Gallery==
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It is cultivated worldwide. Even though the fruit is edible, it is rather insipid when eaten raw. It can substitute for blackberries.  More palatable is the fruit of the [[Passiflora edulis]] which is sweet and acidic. A [[tea]] can be made of the flower and is said to alleviate stress and [[anxiety]]. However, [[cyanogenic glycoside]] (breaks down into cyanide) has been found in the leaves. It is possible to boil away most of the cyanide.
 
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{{commons}}
 
  
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
 
Image:Passionfruit flower.JPG|Flower
 
Image:Passionfruit flower.JPG|Flower
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Image:Passion flower.jpg|Flower
 
Image:Passiflora caerulea 'Constance Elliot'.jpg|''P. caerulea'' 'Constance Elliott'
 
Image:Passiflora caerulea 'Constance Elliot'.jpg|''P. caerulea'' 'Constance Elliott'
 
Image:PassifloraCaerulea-bud-100k.jpg|Flower bud
 
Image:PassifloraCaerulea-bud-100k.jpg|Flower bud
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Image:Passiflora caerulea (2005 10 08) - vrucht open (2).jpg|fruit
 
Image:Passiflora caerulea (2005 10 08) - vrucht open (2).jpg|fruit
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
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==References==
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->

Latest revision as of 05:52, 23 June 2009


Passiflora caerulea in flower


Plant Characteristics
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈ [[Origin::S Brazil, Argentina]]
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ full sun"full sun" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property.
Water: ◍ regular to moderate"regular to moderate" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property.
Features: ✓ flowers
Sunset Zones: 5-9, 12-29
Scientific Names

Passifloraceae >

Passiflora >



Read about Passiflora caerulea in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Passiflora caerulea, Linn. Fig. 2772. Slender, but a strong grower, glabrous and somewhat glaucous: lvs. divided nearly to the petiole into 5 lanceolate or lance-elliptic entire sharp-pointed segms. of which the 2 lower ones are sometimes again lobed: fl. 3-4 in. across, slightly fragrant, greenish white, the sepals tipped with a short point, the rays of the corona in 2 series, blue at the tip, white in the middle and purple at the base, the styles light purple. Brazil. B.M. 28. Gn. 31, p. 421; 34, p. 114; 46, p. 369. G. 3:611. J.H. III. 47:57.— The commonest of passion-flowers in American greenhouses, and now represented by several named forms and hybrids. It can be grown in the open in the S. and in Calif, as far north as San Francisco. Var. grandiflora, Hort., is only a somewhat larger-fld. form. Constance Elliott (P. caerulea var. alba}, is a white-fld. fragrant form. G.C. III. 43:186. Gn. 31:420. There are hybrids with P. Raddiana, P. racemosa, P. alata, and others. P. caerulea grows readily from seeds.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Dies to ground in cold winter areas.

More information about this species can be found on the genus page.

Cultivation

calendar?
January:
February:
March:
April:
May:
June:
July:
August:
September:
October:
November:
December:
Notes:
Do you have cultivation info on this plant? Edit this section!

Propagation

Do you have propagation info on this plant? Edit this section!

Pests and diseases

Do you have pest and disease info on this plant? Edit this section!

Cultivars

  • 'Chinensis' . Corona filaments paler blue.
  • 'Constance Elliott' . Was raised by Kucombe and Prince in Exeter, Great Britain. It has pure white, fragrant flowers. Not as free flowering as many other clones.
  • 'Grandiflora' . Flowers to 20 cm in diamter.
  • 'Hartwiesiana' . Flowers white.
  • 'Regnellii' . Has very long corona filaments.

The species has been used in numerous hybrids.

Gallery

  • Flower

  • Flower

  • P. caerulea 'Constance Elliott'

  • Flower bud

  • plant growing on a wall

  • fruit

References

External links


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