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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
| name = ''LATINNAME'' <!--- replace LATINNAME with the actual latin name -->
| name = ''Fritillaria''
| common_names = <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
| common_names = <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
| growth_habit = ? <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
| growth_habit = ? <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
| sunset_zones = <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
| sunset_zones = <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
| color = IndianRed
| color = IndianRed
| image = Upload.png <!--- Freesia.jpg -->
| image = Fritillaria crassifolia.JPG
| image_width = 240px <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
| image_width = 180px <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
| image_caption = <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->
| image_caption = Fritillaria crassifolia
| regnum = Plantae <!--- Kingdom -->
| regnum = Plantae
| divisio = <!--- Phylum -->
| divisio = Magnoliophyta
| classis = <!--- Class -->
| unranked_classis = Monocots
| ordo = <!--- Order -->
| ordo = Liliales
| familia = <!--- Family -->
| familia = Liliaceae
| genus =
| genus = Fritillaria
}}
}}
{{Inc|
{{Inc|
Fritillaria (Latin fritillus, commonly understood to be a checker-board, but may have meant dice-box). Liliaceas. Fritillary. This group includes the crown imperial and the fritillaries, hardy bulbous plants, mostly low-growing and spring-blooming, with drooping or nodding flowers which are often checkered or tessellated with dark purple and green, but some also with brighter colors.
Fritillaria (Latin fritillus, commonly understood to be a checker-board, but may have meant dice-box). Liliaceas. Fritillary. This group includes the crown imperial and the fritillaries, hardy bulbous plants, mostly low-growing and spring-blooming, with drooping or nodding flowers which are often checkered or tessellated with dark purple and green, but some also with brighter colors.
The key to the various subgenera here given is essentially Baker's in his monograph in Jour. Linn. Soc. 14:251 (1875); it rarely happens that the botanical and horticultural interests agree in using such simple and obvious characters as those of the bulb and style. The nectaries or glands are less useful and reliable, but they help to explain the natural groups in this varied genus.
The key to the various subgenera here given is essentially Baker's in his monograph in Jour. Linn. Soc. 14:251 (1875); it rarely happens that the botanical and horticultural interests agree in using such simple and obvious characters as those of the bulb and style. The nectaries or glands are less useful and reliable, but they help to explain the natural groups in this varied genus.
F. agrestis, Greene. Bulbs very deep-seated: sts. 1-1 ½ ft.: lvs. 8-12, oblong-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate: fls. 3-8, on abruptly recurved pedicels, yellowish green, with prominent midnerve on each segm. Calif.—Said by Purdy to occur in 2 forms, one a dainty plant a few inches high with fls. having light green or yellow base- color and heavily lined with brown (Mendocino Co.): the other a foot or two kill and similarly marked, so fetid as to be called "stink bells" (edge of .San Joaquin Valley, Contra Costa Co.). Probably not in cult.—F. askabadensis, Mich. St. about 3 ft.: upper lvs. linear-lanceolate, whorled: fls. 5-8, hanging amongst the uppermost lvs.. about 1 in. long, bell-shaped, pale yellow-green. Cent. Asia. B.M. 7850. G.C. III. 31:238; 45:184. Gn. 01, p. 256. G.M. 45:745. R.H. 1903:180. J.H. III. 44:293. F. S. R. 1:134.— F. conica, Hort. Lvs. in a rosette: fls. bell-shaped, pale yellow outside and bright yellow inside. Greece.—F. pontica, Wahl. St. tall, 1 ½ ft., leafy at middle, the lvs. broadly lanceolate, lower ones opposite: fls. yellow-green, margined and tipped red, the segms. bearing nearly orbicular nectaries. Asia Minor. Gn.W. 21:407.—F. tuntiina, Heldr. St. 8-10 in.: lvs. long and glaucous: fls. 4-6, bell- shaped, about 1 in. across, intense dark maroon. Greece. Gn.W. 23:435.—F. ziihnii, Hort. Fls. bell-shaped, rather large, brown, checkered with green inside and streaked with yellow outside.
Wilhelm Miller.
{{SCH}}
{{SCH}}
}}
}}
==Species==
==Species==
<!-- This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc -->
About 100 species{{wp}}. Selected species{{wp}}:
[[Image:Fritillaria involucrata 16052003.JPG|thumb|right|''[[Fritillaria involucrata]]'']]
[[Image:Fritillaria lusitanica Wikstrom.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Fritillaria lusitanica]]'']]
[[Image:Fritillaria rhodia Rhodos 01.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Fritillaria rhodia]]'']]
[[Image:Fritillaria sewerzowii.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Fritillaria sewerzowii]]'']]
[[Image:Fritillaria tubiformis 20052002 2.JPG|thumb|right|''[[Fritillaria tubiformis]]'']]
<div float="left">
{{col-begin|width=70%}}
{{col-1-of-2}}
* ''[[Fritillaria acmopetala]]'' – [[Lebanese Fritillary]] <!--northwest [[Turkey]], [[Cyprus]] and coast of [[Lebanon]]-->
* ''[[Fritillaria affinis]]'' – [[Checker Lily]]
* ''[[Fritillaria agrestis]]'' – [[Stinkbells]]
* ''[[Fritillaria anhuiensis]]'' <small>S.C.Chen & S.F.Yin</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria armena]]'' <small>Boiss.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria assyriaca]]''
* ''[[Fritillaria atropurpurea]]'' – [[Purple Fritillary]], Spotted Fritillary, Spotted Mountainbells, Spotted Missionbells
* ''[[Fritillaria biflora]]'' – "[[chocolate lily]]"
* ''[[Fritillaria brandegei]]'' <small>Eastw.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria camschatcensis]]'' – [[Kamchatka Fritillary]], Kamchatka Lily, Rice Lily, Skunk Lily, Outhouse Lily, Dirty Diaper, Northern Rice-root, "[[chocolate lily]]", "[[Indian rice]]", "[[wild rice]]"
* ''[[Fritillaria caucasica]]'' <small>Adams</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria cirrhosa]]'' <small>D.Don</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria conica]]'' <small>Boiss.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria crassicaulis]]'' <small>S.C.Chen</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria crassifolia]]'' <small>Boiss. & A. Huet</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria dagana]]'' <small>Turcz. ex Trautv.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria dajinensis]]'' <small>S.C.Chen</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria davidii]]'' <small>Franch.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria davisii]]'' <small>Turrill</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria delavayi]]'' <small>Franch.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria drenovskii]]'' <small>Degen & Stoj.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria dzhabavae]]'' <small>A.P.Khokhr.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria eastwoodiae]]'' – [[Butte County Fritillary]], Eastwood's Fritillary
* ''[[Fritillaria eduardii]]'' <small>Regel</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria ehrhartii]]'' <small>Boiss. & Orph.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria epirotica]]'' <small>Turrill ex Rix</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria euboeica]]'' <small>Rix</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria falcata]]'' – [[Talus Fritillary]]
* ''[[Fritillaria fusca]]'' <small>Turrill</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria gentneri]]'' – [[Gentner's Fritillary]]
* ''[[Fritillaria gibbosa]]'' <small>Boiss.</small><!-- CurtisBotMag24:50. -->
* ''[[Fritillaria glauca]]'' – [[Siskiyou Fritillary]], Siskiyou Missionbells
* ''[[Fritillaria graeca]]''
* ''[[Fritillaria grandiflora]]'' <small>Grossh.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria grayana]]'' <small>Reichenb.f. & Baker</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria gussichiae]]'' <small>(Degen & Dörfl.) Rix</small><!-- CurtisBotMag24:42. -->
* ''[[Fritillaria hispanica]]''
* ''[[Fritillaria imperialis]]'' – [[Kaiser's Crown]], Crown Imperial
* ''[[Fritillaria involucrata]]'' <small>All.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria karelinii]]'' <small>Fischer ex D.Don</small><!-- CurtisBotMag24:46. -->
* ''[[Fritillaria kotschyana]]'' <small>Herb.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria kurdica]]'' <small>Boiss. & Noë</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria latifolia]]'' <small>Willd.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria liliacea]]'' – [[Fragrant Fritillary]]
* ''[[Fritillaria lusitanica]]'' <small>Wikstr.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria lutea]]'' <small>Mill.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria macedonica]]'' <small>Bornm.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria maximowiczii]]'' <small>Freyn</small>
{{col-2-of-2}}
* ''[[Fritillaria meleagris]]'' – [[Snake's Head Fritillary]], Checkered Daffodil, Frog-cup, Guinea-hen Flower, Leper Lily, ''kockavica'' ([[Croatian (language)|Croatian]])
* ''[[Fritillaria meleagroides]]'' <small>Patrin ex Schult.f.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria messanensis]]'' <small>Raf.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria michailovskyi]]'' <small>Fomin</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria micrantha]]'' – [[Brown Fritillary]], Brown Bells
* ''[[Fritillaria monantha]]'' <small>Migo</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria montana]]'' <small>Hoppe</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria obliqua]]'' <small>Ker Gawl.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria ojaiensis]]'' – [[Ojai Fritillary]] (sometimes included in ''F. affinis'')
* ''[[Fritillaria olgae]]'' <small>Vved.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria ophioglossifolia]]'' <small>Freyn & Sint.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria orientalis]]''
* ''[[Fritillaria pallidiflora]]''
* ''[[Fritillaria persica]]'' – ''adıyaman'' ([[Turkish (language)|Turkish]])
* ''[[Fritillaria pinetorum]]'' – [[Pinewoods Fritillary]], Davidson's Fritillary
* ''[[Fritillaria pluriflora]]'' – [[Adobe Lily]]
* ''[[Fritillaria pontica]]'' <small>Wahlenb.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria przewalskii]]'' <small>Maxim.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria pudica]]'' – [[Yellow Fritillary]], "[[yellowbells]]"
* ''[[Fritillaria purdyi]]'' <small>Eastw.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria pyrenaica]]''
* ''[[Fritillaria raddeana]]'' <small>Regel</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria recurva]]'' – [[Scarlet Fritillary]]
* ''[[Fritillaria regelii]]'' <small>Losinsk.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria rhodia]]'' <small>A.Hansen</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria rhodocanakis]]'' <small>Orph. ex Baker</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria roylei]]''
* ''[[Fritillaria ruthenica]]'' <small>Wikstr.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria sewerzowii]]'' <small>Regel</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria sichuanica]]'' <small>S.C.Chen</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria sinica]]'' <small>S.C.Chen</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria skorpilii]]'' <small>Velen.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria striata]]'' – [[Striped Adobe Lily]]
* ''[[Fritillaria stribrnyi]]'' <small>Velen.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria taipaiensis]]'' <small>P.Y.Li</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria tenella]]''
* ''[[Fritillaria thunbergii]]'' <small>Miq.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria tortifolia]]'' <small>X.Z.Duan & X.J.Zheng</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria tubiformis]]'' <small>Gren. & Godr.</small><!-- "tubaeformis" is probably lapsus -->
* ''[[Fritillaria tuntasia]]'' <small>Heldr. ex Halácsy</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria unibracteata]]'' <small>P.K.Hsiao & K.C.Hsia</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria uva-vulpis]]''
* ''[[Fritillaria ussuriensis]]'' <small>Maxim.</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria verticillata]]''
* ''[[Fritillaria viridea]]'' <small>Kellogg</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria walujewii]]'' <small>Regel</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria yuminensis]]'' <small>X.Z.Duan</small>
* ''[[Fritillaria yuzhongensis]]'' <small>G.D.Yu & Y.S.Zhou</small>
{{col-end}}
</div>
Formerly placed here:
* ''[[Erythronium multiscapoideum]]'' (as ''F. multiscapoidea'')
==Gallery==
==Gallery==