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{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Reed canary grass
| image = Rietgras bloeiwijze Phalaris arundinacea.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = Reed canary grass inflorescence
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Poales]]
| familia = [[Poaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Phalaris (grass)|Phalaris]]''
| species = '''''arundinacea'''''
| binomial = ''Phalaris arundinacea''
| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''Reed canary grass''' (''Phalaris arundinacea'') is a tall, coarse-looking [[Perennial plant|perennial]] grass that commonly forms extensive single-species stands along the margins of lakes and streams and in wet open areas, with a wide distribution in [[Europe]], [[Asia]], northern [[Africa]] and [[North America]].
[[Image:Rietgras planten Phalaris arundinacea.jpg|left|thumb|Foliage and stems]]
The stems can reach 2 m in height. The [[leaf]] blades are blue-green when fresh and straw-colored when dry. The [[flower]]s are borne on the stem high above the leaves and are pinkish at full bloom.
A number of [[cultivar]]s of ''P. arundinacea'' have been selected for use as [[ornamental plant]]s, including variegated (striped) cultivars – sometimes called '''ribbon grass''' – such as Dwarfs Garters and Strawberries and Cream. The latter gets its name from the large white stripes and pinkish color that appears on the leaves at varying times. When grown, although drought tolerant, it likes abundant water and can even be grown as an aquatic plant.
In many places, reed canary grass is an [[invasive species]] in wetlands, particularly in disturbed areas. It is also planted as a [[hay]] crop or for forage. Furthermore it provides fibers which find use in pulp and papermaking processes.
Leaves of ''P. arundinacea'' contain [[Dimethyltryptamine|DMT]], [[5-MeO-DMT]] and related compounds ([http://deoxy.org/trypfaq.htm#phalaris Smith 1977]).
==References and external links ==
*[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?27512 Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Phalaris arundinacea'']
*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Phalaris+&SPECIES_XREF=arundinacea&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Phalaris arundinacea'']
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200025869 Flora of China: ''Phalaris arundinacea'']
*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=PHAR3 USDA Plants Database: ''Phalaris arundinacea'']
*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?8738,9179,9182 Jepson Manual Treatment - taxonomy and distribution within California]
*[http://www.erowid.org/plants/phalaris/ Images and information about alkaloid extraction on Erowid]
{{Commons|Phalaris arundinacea}}
[[Category:Grasses]]
[[Category:Herbal and fungal hallucinogens]]
[[Category:Psychedelic tryptamine carriers]]
[[Category:Flora of Asia]]
[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
[[Category:Flora of North America]]
[[Category:Invasive species]]
| color = lightgreen
| name = Reed canary grass
| image = Rietgras bloeiwijze Phalaris arundinacea.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = Reed canary grass inflorescence
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Poales]]
| familia = [[Poaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Phalaris (grass)|Phalaris]]''
| species = '''''arundinacea'''''
| binomial = ''Phalaris arundinacea''
| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''Reed canary grass''' (''Phalaris arundinacea'') is a tall, coarse-looking [[Perennial plant|perennial]] grass that commonly forms extensive single-species stands along the margins of lakes and streams and in wet open areas, with a wide distribution in [[Europe]], [[Asia]], northern [[Africa]] and [[North America]].
[[Image:Rietgras planten Phalaris arundinacea.jpg|left|thumb|Foliage and stems]]
The stems can reach 2 m in height. The [[leaf]] blades are blue-green when fresh and straw-colored when dry. The [[flower]]s are borne on the stem high above the leaves and are pinkish at full bloom.
A number of [[cultivar]]s of ''P. arundinacea'' have been selected for use as [[ornamental plant]]s, including variegated (striped) cultivars – sometimes called '''ribbon grass''' – such as Dwarfs Garters and Strawberries and Cream. The latter gets its name from the large white stripes and pinkish color that appears on the leaves at varying times. When grown, although drought tolerant, it likes abundant water and can even be grown as an aquatic plant.
In many places, reed canary grass is an [[invasive species]] in wetlands, particularly in disturbed areas. It is also planted as a [[hay]] crop or for forage. Furthermore it provides fibers which find use in pulp and papermaking processes.
Leaves of ''P. arundinacea'' contain [[Dimethyltryptamine|DMT]], [[5-MeO-DMT]] and related compounds ([http://deoxy.org/trypfaq.htm#phalaris Smith 1977]).
==References and external links ==
*[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?27512 Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Phalaris arundinacea'']
*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Phalaris+&SPECIES_XREF=arundinacea&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Phalaris arundinacea'']
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200025869 Flora of China: ''Phalaris arundinacea'']
*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=PHAR3 USDA Plants Database: ''Phalaris arundinacea'']
*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?8738,9179,9182 Jepson Manual Treatment - taxonomy and distribution within California]
*[http://www.erowid.org/plants/phalaris/ Images and information about alkaloid extraction on Erowid]
{{Commons|Phalaris arundinacea}}
[[Category:Grasses]]
[[Category:Herbal and fungal hallucinogens]]
[[Category:Psychedelic tryptamine carriers]]
[[Category:Flora of Asia]]
[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
[[Category:Flora of North America]]
[[Category:Invasive species]]
