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Goodyera (view source)

Revision as of 15:13, 11 September 2009

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{{Taxobox
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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| latin_name = ''LATINNAME''  <!--- replace LATINNAME with the actual latin name -->
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| name = ''Goodyera''
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| common_names = creeping lady's tresses, dwarf rattlesnake plantain
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = Goodyera repens.jpg
 
| image = Goodyera repens.jpg
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| image_width = 250px
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| image_width = 180px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = The flowers of ''[[Goodyera repens]]'', sometimes called "creeping lady's tresses" or "dwarf rattlesnake plantain"
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| image_caption =     <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| regnum = Plantae  <!--- Kingdom -->
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| divisio =   <!--- Phylum -->
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| classis = [[Liliopsida]]
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| classis =   <!--- Class -->
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| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
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| ordo =   <!--- Order -->
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| familia = [[Orchidaceae]]
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| familia =   <!--- Family -->
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| genus = '''''Goodyera'''''
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| genus =  
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| genus_authority = [[Robert Brown (botanist)|R. Br.]], 1813
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| species =  
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
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| subspecies =  
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| subdivision =  
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| cultivar =  
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| range_map =  
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{{Inc|
 
Goodyera (after John Goodyer, British botanist, who helped Johnson in his edition of Gerairde's Herbal). Orchidaceae, tribe Polychondrese. Dwarf terrestrial orchids of minor importance which are cultivated chiefly for their variegated foliage.
 
Goodyera (after John Goodyer, British botanist, who helped Johnson in his edition of Gerairde's Herbal). Orchidaceae, tribe Polychondrese. Dwarf terrestrial orchids of minor importance which are cultivated chiefly for their variegated foliage.
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G. dawsoniana and G. discolor. See Heemaria.— G. nuda. Thouars. Lvs. variegated: fls. whitish, with petals and midveins of sepals light brown. Mascarene Isls.—-G. quercicola. See Physurus.  
 
G. dawsoniana and G. discolor. See Heemaria.— G. nuda. Thouars. Lvs. variegated: fls. whitish, with petals and midveins of sepals light brown. Mascarene Isls.—-G. quercicola. See Physurus.  
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By some Botanists, the name Goodyera is given up. The species referred to Goodyera are then by some authors placed in Peramium; by others the old application of the name Epipactis is used, and in that case what we have been calling Epipuctis goes in Serapias. Following this latter disposition, the characterization of Epipactis is the same as the characterization given here for Goodyera, the name Epipactis merely supplanting Goodyera.—Under Epipactis, the above goodyeras take names as follows: E. willdenovii, House (Goodyera pubescens, 11. Br., Peramium pubescens, MacM., Epipactis pubescens, A. A. Eaton, not Pursh). E. repent, Crantz (Goodyera repena, R. Br.) E. tesselata, A. A. Eaton (Goodyera tesselata, Lodd.). E. decipiens, Ames (Goodyera menziesii, Lindl.). E. velutina, A. A. Eaton. E. Schlechtendaliana, A. A. Eaton.— Under Serapias, the following synonyny would occur: SERA-PIAS, Unn. Sp. PI. 949, 1753. Helleborine, (Tourn.) J. Hill., Brit. Herbal 477, 1750. Epipactis, Zinn, Cat. PI. Hort. Goett. 85, 1757. Adans. Fam. 2:70. 1763. .Amesia, Nelson & MacBride. Bot. Gaz. 56:472. 1913. Species: Serapias Helleborine, Linn.; Serapias atrorubens, Hoffm. Serapias gigantea, A. A. Eaton (=Epipactis royleana, Lindl.), and several others.—If Peramium is used for Goodyera, the synonymy becomes: PERAMIUM, Salisb. Trans. Hort. Soc. 1:301. 1812. Empactis, (Haller) Boehm. in Ludw. Definit. Gen. PI. 1760. Not Zinn 1757. Goodyera, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 2, 5:197, 1813. Species: Peramium pubescens, MacM.; Peramium decipiens, Piper (=Goodyera menziesii, Lindl.): Peramium tessela- turn. Heller; Peramium ophioides, Rydberg (=Goodyera repens var. ophioides Fernald).  
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By some Botanists, the name Goodyera is given up. The species referred to Goodyera are then by some authors placed in Peramium; by others the old application of the name Epipactis is used, and in that case what we have been calling Epipuctis goes in Serapias. Following this latter disposition, the characterization of Epipactis is the same as the characterization given here for Goodyera, the name Epipactis merely supplanting Goodyera.—Under Epipactis, the above goodyeras take names as follows: E. willdenovii, House (Goodyera pubescens, 11. Br., Peramium pubescens, MacM., Epipactis pubescens, A. A. Eaton, not Pursh). E. repent, Crantz (Goodyera repena, R. Br.) E. tesselata, A. A. Eaton (Goodyera tesselata, Lodd.). E. decipiens, Ames (Goodyera menziesii, Lindl.). E. velutina, A. A. Eaton. E. Schlechtendaliana, A. A. Eaton.— Under Serapias, the following synonyny would occur: SERA-PIAS, Unn. Sp. PI. 949, 1753. Helleborine, (Tourn.) J. Hill., Brit. Herbal 477, 1750. Epipactis, Zinn, Cat. PI. Hort. Goett. 85, 1757. Adans. Fam. 2:70. 1763. .Amesia, Nelson & MacBride. Bot. Gaz. 56:472. 1913. Species: Serapias Helleborine, Linn.; Serapias atrorubens, Hoffm. Serapias gigantea, A. A. Eaton (syn. Epipactis royleana, Lindl.), and several others.—If Peramium is used for Goodyera, the synonymy becomes: PERAMIUM, Salisb. Trans. Hort. Soc. 1:301. 1812. Empactis, (Haller) Boehm. in Ludw. Definit. Gen. PI. 1760. Not Zinn 1757. Goodyera, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 2, 5:197, 1813. Species: Peramium pubescens, MacM.; Peramium decipiens, Piper (syn. Goodyera menziesii, Lindl.): Peramium tesselaturn. Heller; Peramium ophioides, Rydberg (syn. Goodyera repens var. ophioides Fernald).  
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Oakes Ames.
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{{SCH}}
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L. H. B.
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}}
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'''''Goodyera''''' are a wide-ranging [[genus]] of [[orchid]], one of approximately 800 described [[List of Orchidaceae genera|Orchidaceae genera]] within that large and diverse family.  The genus is named after botanist [[John Goodyer]].
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There are about 25 species of ''Goodyera'' worldwide.  Creeping [[rhizome]]s and [[rosette (botany)|rosette]]s of [[evergreen]] [[leaf|leaves]] characterize the genus.  ''Goodyera'' is closely related to the genus ''[[Spiranthes]]''.<ref name="hilaire">[http://www.newfs.org/conserve/pdf/Goodyeraoblongifolia.pdf] St. Hilaire, Lisa R. 2002. Goodyera oblongifolia Raf. (Giant Rattlesnake-plantain)
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==Cultivation==
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Conservation and Research Plan for New England. New England Wild Flower Society,
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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Framingham, Massachusetts, USA.</ref>
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''Goodyera'' [[flower]]s are characterized by a saccate [[nectary]]
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===Propagation===
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of the lip with a beak-shaped [[apex]].  [[Sepal]]s and [[petal]]s are connivant over the column.  [[pollen|Pollin]]ia in ''Goodyera'' are granular, in contrast to [[Cranichideae]], another member of this [[Tribe (biology)|tribe]].<ref name="hilaire"/>
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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Orchids of this genus grow in environments ranging from [[alpine]] [[valley]]s in [[Scandinavia]] to the ''[[laurisilva]]'' of [[Macaronesia]] to [[North America]]n [[conifer]]ous [[forest]]s.
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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"Lady's tresses" is a [[common name]] given to some of these species.  The four species [[endemic (ecology)|endemic]] to North America are called "rattlesnake plantain". 
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Representative species include:
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==Species==
 
*''[[Goodyera pubescens]]''
 
*''[[Goodyera pubescens]]''
 
*''[[Goodyera oblongifolia]]''
 
*''[[Goodyera oblongifolia]]''
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*''[[Goodyera schlectendaliana]]''
 
*''[[Goodyera schlectendaliana]]''
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Many ''Goodyera'' species are threatened in at least part of their range. In areas where more than one species may be found, [[hybrid]]ization is common.<ref name="hilaire"/>
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
    
==References==
 
==References==
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<div class="references-small">
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<references/>
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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</div>
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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[[Category:Orchid genera]]
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