Difference between revisions of "List of edible seeds"

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A '''list of edible seeds''' here includes seeds that are directly foodstuffs, rather than yielding derived products.
  
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A variety of species can provide '''edible seeds'''. Of the six major plant parts, seeds are the most important source of human food. The other five major plant parts are [[root]]s, [[stem]]s, [[leave]]s, [[flower]]s, and [[fruit]]s. Most edible seeds are [[angiosperm]]s, but a few are [[gymnosperm]]s. The most important seed food source is cereals, followed by legumes, and nuts.
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The list is divided into the following categories:
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* '''[[Bean]]s''' (or '''[[Legume]]s''') are protein-rich soft seeds.
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* '''[[Cereals]]''' (or '''grains''') are grass-like crops that are harvested for their dry seeds. These seeds are often ground to make [[flour]]. Cereals provide almost half of all calories consumed in the world.<ref name="prodstat">{{cite web
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| url=http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx
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| title=ProdSTAT
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| author=FAO
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| work=FAOSTAT
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| accessdate=2006-12-26
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}}</ref> Botanically, true cereals are members of the [[Poaceae]] or Grass family.
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** '''[[Pseudocereal]]s''' are cereal crops that are not members of the Poaceae or Grass Family.
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* '''[[Nut (fruit)|Nuts]]''' are botanically a specific type of fruit but the term is also applied to many edible seeds that are not botanically nuts.
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** '''[[Gymnosperm]]s''' produce nut-like seeds but not flowers or fruits.
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* '''[[Spices]]''' are used to flavor food rather than provide nutrients.
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== Beans ==
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See also: [[:Category:Beans]]
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Beans, also known as [[legume]]s or [[pulse (legume)|pulses]] include:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/faoinfo/economic/faodef/fdef04e.htm |title=Definition and Classification of Commodities|work=Definition and Classification of Commodities|title=Pulses and derived products|date=1994|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|accessdate=2006-12-26}}</ref>
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[[Image:3 types of lentil.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Lentils have been part of the human diet since the Neolithic]]
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* [[Bambara groundnut]]
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* [[Vicia faba|Broad bean]]s
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* [[Chickpea]]s
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* [[Cowpea]]s
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* [[Pulse (legume)#Classification of pulses|Dry beans]], including
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** [[Common bean]]
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** several species of ''[[Vigna]]''
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* [[Hyacinth bean]]
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* [[Lablab]]
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* [[Lentil]]s
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* [[Lupin]]s
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* [[Pea]]s
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* [[Peanut]]s
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* [[Pigeon pea]]s
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* [[Soybean]]s
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* [[Tonka bean]]s
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* [[Velvet bean]]s
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* [[Vetch]]
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* [[Winged bean]]s
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* [[Yam bean]]s
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== Cereals ==
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{{See also|Category:Cereals}}
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[[Image:GEM corn.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Maize (sometimes called "corn") is the single biggest source of food calories in the world.]]
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True [[cereal]]s are the seeds of certain species of [[grass]]. Three — maize, wheat and rice — account for about half of the calories consumed by people every year.<ref name="prodstat">{{cite web
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| url=http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx
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| title=ProdSTAT
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| author=FAO
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| work=FAOSTAT
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| accessdate=2006-12-26
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}}</ref> Grains can be ground to make [[flour]], used as the basis of [[bread]], [[cake]], [[noodles]] or other food products. They can also be boiled or steamed, either whole or ground, and eaten as is. Many cereals are present or past [[staple food]]s, provided a large fraction of the calories in the places that they are eaten. [[Cereal]]s include:
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* [[Barley]]
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* [[Fonio]]
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* [[Kamut]]
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* [[Maize]]
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* [[Millet]]
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* [[Oat]]s
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* [[Distichlis palmeri|Palmer's grass]]
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* [[Rice]]
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* [[Rye]]
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* [[Sorghum]]
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* [[Spelt]]
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* [[Teff]]
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* [[Triticale]]
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* [[Wheat]]
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* [[Wild rice]]
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=== Pseudocereals ===
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[[Image:Quinoa.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Quinoa is not a grass, but its seeds have been eaten for 6000 years.]]
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* [[Breadnut]]
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* [[Buckwheat]]
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* [[Cattail]]
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* [[Chia]]
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* [[Celosia|Cockscomb]]
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* [[Grain amaranth]]
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* [[Kañiwa]]
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* [[Quinoa]]
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* [[Wattleseed]] (also called ''acacia seed'')
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== Nuts ==
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''See also'': [[List of edible nuts]]
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[[Image:Brazil nuts.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Brazil nuts come from a South American tree]]
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According to the botanical definition, [[nut (fruit)|nuts]] are a particular kind of seed.<ref>{{cite web
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| url=http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Nut
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| title=Nut
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| work=Biology Online Dictionary
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| date=[[October 3]] [[2005]]
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| accessdate=2006-12-26
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}}</ref> [[Walnut]]s and [[acorn]]s are example of nuts, under this definition. In [[nut (fruit)|culinary terms]], however, the term is used more broadly to include fruits that are not botanically qualified as nuts, but that have a similar appearance and culinary role. Examples of culinary nuts include [[almond]]s, [[peanut]]s and [[cashew]]s.<ref>{{cite web
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| url=http://www.answers.com/topic/nut
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| title=Nut
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| work=The Columbia Online Encyclopedia
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| date=2003
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| accessdate=2006-12-26
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}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/es/faodef/fdef05e.htm|title=Nuts and derived products|work=Definition and Classification of Commodities|date=1996|accessdate=2006-12-26|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations}}</ref>
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* [[Almond#Culinary uses|Almond]]
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* [[Beech]]
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* [[Butternut (tree)|Butternut]]
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* [[Brazilnut]]
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* [[Candlenut]]
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* [[Cashew#Uses|Cashew]]
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* [[Chestnut#Nuts|Chestnuts]], including:
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** [[Chinese Chestnut]]
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** [[Pachira aquatica|Malabar chestnut]]
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** [[Sweet Chestnut]]
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* [[Colocynth]]
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* ''[[Cucurbita ficifolia]]''
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* [[Filbert]]
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* [[Hickory#Uses|Hickory]], including
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** [[Pecan]]
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** [[Shagbark Hickory]]
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* [[Kola nut]]
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* [[Macadamia]]
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* [[Mamoncillo]]
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* [[Brosimum alicastrum|Maya nut]]
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* [[acorn|Oak acorns]]
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* [[Irvingia|Ogbono nut]]
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* [[Lecythidaceae|Paradise nut]]
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* [[Pili nut]]
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* [[Walnut#Nuts|Walnut]]
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=== Nut-like gymnosperm seeds ===
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[[Image:KoreanPineSeeds.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pine nuts are a Gymnosperm seed that is edible]]
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* [[Cycad]]s
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* [[Ginkgo]]
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* ''[[Gnetum gnemon]]''
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* [[Juniper]]
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* [[Araucaria araucana|Monkey-puzzle]]
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* [[Pine nut]]s, including
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** [[Chilgoza Pine]]
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** [[Korean Pine]]
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** [[Stone Pine]]
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** [[Colorado Pinyon]]
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** [[Mexican Pinyon]]
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** [[Single-leaf Pinyon]]
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* [[Podocarps]]
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== Spices ==
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''See also:'' [[List of herbs and spices]]
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[[Image:Coriander.png|thumb|right|200px|Coriander fruit (including its seeds) is a well-known spice.]]
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Seeds that are used to flavor other foods include:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uni-graz.at/~katzer/engl/index.html|title=Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages|accessdate=2006-12-26}}</ref>
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* [[Ajowan]] seed
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* [[Anise]] seed
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* [[Black pepper]] seed
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* [[Cardamom]] seed
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* [[Caraway]] seed
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* [[Celery]] seed
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* [[Chile pepper]] seed
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* [[Cubeb]] seed
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* [[Cumin]] seed
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* [[Coriander]] seed
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* [[Dill]] seed
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* [[Fennel]] seed
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* [[Fenugreek]] seed
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* [[Juniper]] seed
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* [[Nutmeg|Mace]]
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* [[Mustard seed]]
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* [[Nigella]] seed
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* [[Nutmeg]]
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* [[Pomegranate]] seed
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* [[Opium poppy#Use as food|Poppy seed]]
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* [[Sesame]] seed
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* [[Vanilla]]
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== Miscellaneous ==
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* [[Cempedak]]
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* [[Durian]] 
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* [[Fluted pumpkin]]
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* [[Jackfruit]]
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* [[Lotus seed]]
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* [[Malabar gourd]]
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* [[Pistachio#Cultivation and uses|Pistachio]]
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* [[Pumpkin seed]]
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* [[Sunflower seed]]
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== Edible fruits of which seeds are eaten incidentally ==
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* [[Blackberry]]
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* [[Blueberry]]
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* [[Cranberry]]
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* [[Cucumber]]
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* [[Eggplant]]
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* [[Fig]]
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* [[Huckleberry]]
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* [[Kiwifruit]]
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* [[Mulberry]]
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* [[Okra]]
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* [[Raspberry]]
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* [[Strawberry]]
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* [[Tomatillo]]
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* [[Tomato]]
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* [[Winter melon]]
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* [[Zucchini]]
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== References ==
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== See also ==
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* [[List of vegetable oils]]
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* [[List of snack foods#seeds or nuts|List of seed-based snacks]]
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* [[Eastern Agricultural Complex]]
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* [[Nut (fruit)]]
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* [[Pulse (legume)|Pulse]]
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* [[Seed]]
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[[Category:Lists of foods|Seeds, list of edible]]
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[[Category:Lists of plants]]
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[[Category:Edible nuts and seeds| ]]

Latest revision as of 19:34, 26 October 2009

A list of edible seeds here includes seeds that are directly foodstuffs, rather than yielding derived products.

A variety of species can provide edible seeds. Of the six major plant parts, seeds are the most important source of human food. The other five major plant parts are roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Most edible seeds are angiosperms, but a few are gymnosperms. The most important seed food source is cereals, followed by legumes, and nuts.

The list is divided into the following categories:

  • Beans (or Legumes) are protein-rich soft seeds.
  • Cereals (or grains) are grass-like crops that are harvested for their dry seeds. These seeds are often ground to make flour. Cereals provide almost half of all calories consumed in the world.[1] Botanically, true cereals are members of the Poaceae or Grass family.
    • Pseudocereals are cereal crops that are not members of the Poaceae or Grass Family.
  • Nuts are botanically a specific type of fruit but the term is also applied to many edible seeds that are not botanically nuts.
    • Gymnosperms produce nut-like seeds but not flowers or fruits.
  • Spices are used to flavor food rather than provide nutrients.

Beans

See also: Category:Beans

Beans, also known as legumes or pulses include:[2]

Lentils have been part of the human diet since the Neolithic

Cereals

Template:See also

Maize (sometimes called "corn") is the single biggest source of food calories in the world.

True cereals are the seeds of certain species of grass. Three — maize, wheat and rice — account for about half of the calories consumed by people every year.[1] Grains can be ground to make flour, used as the basis of bread, cake, noodles or other food products. They can also be boiled or steamed, either whole or ground, and eaten as is. Many cereals are present or past staple foods, provided a large fraction of the calories in the places that they are eaten. Cereals include:

Pseudocereals

Quinoa is not a grass, but its seeds have been eaten for 6000 years.

Nuts

See also: List of edible nuts

Brazil nuts come from a South American tree

According to the botanical definition, nuts are a particular kind of seed.[3] Walnuts and acorns are example of nuts, under this definition. In culinary terms, however, the term is used more broadly to include fruits that are not botanically qualified as nuts, but that have a similar appearance and culinary role. Examples of culinary nuts include almonds, peanuts and cashews.[4][5]

Nut-like gymnosperm seeds

Pine nuts are a Gymnosperm seed that is edible

Spices

See also: List of herbs and spices

Coriander fruit (including its seeds) is a well-known spice.

Seeds that are used to flavor other foods include:[6]

Miscellaneous

Edible fruits of which seeds are eaten incidentally

References

See also

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 FAO. "ProdSTAT". FAOSTAT. Retrieved on 2006-12-26.
  2. ↑ "Pulses and derived products". Definition and Classification of Commodities. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (1994). Retrieved on 2006-12-26.
  3. ↑ "Nut". Biology Online Dictionary (October 3 2005). Retrieved on 2006-12-26.
  4. ↑ "Nut". The Columbia Online Encyclopedia (2003). Retrieved on 2006-12-26.
  5. ↑ "Nuts and derived products". Definition and Classification of Commodities. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (1996). Retrieved on 2006-12-26.
  6. ↑ "Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages". Retrieved on 2006-12-26.
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