Difference between revisions of "Dame's Rocket"

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{{Taxobox
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{{SPlantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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|familia=Brassicaceae
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| name = Dame's Rocket
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|genus=Hesperis
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| image = dame's rocket.jpg
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|species=matronalis
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| image_width = 200px
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|common_name=Dame's Rocket
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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|habit=herbaceous
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| subregnum = [[Tracheobionta]]
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|Min ht metric=cm
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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|origin=Eurasia
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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|lifespan=perennial
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| ordo = [[Brassicales]]
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|Temp Metric=°F
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| familia = [[Brassicaceae]]
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|image=dame's rocket.jpg
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| genus = '''''Hesperis'''''
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|image_width=200
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| species = '''''H. matronalis'''''
 
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| binomial = ''Hesperis matronalis''
 
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| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
 
 
}}
 
}}
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'''Dame's Rocket''', also known as '''Damask Violet''', '''Dame's Violet''', '''Dames-wort''', '''Dame's Gilliflower''', '''Night Scented Gilliflower''', '''Queen's Gilliflower''', '''Rogue's Gilliflower''', '''Summer Lilac''', '''Sweet Rocket''', '''Mother-of-the-evening''' and, '''Winter Gilliflower''' (''Hesperis matronalis'') is a [[herb]]aceous [[perennial plant]] belonging to the [[Mustard plant|mustard]] family, [[Brassicaceae]]. A native of [[Eurasia]] once cultivated and enjoyed as a traditional garden plant, Dame's Rocket was brought to [[North America]] in the [[1600]]s and has since become naturalized there; it is considered an [[invasive species]] in some areas.
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{{Inc|
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Hesperis matronalis, Linn. Rocket. Sweet Rocket. Dame's VioLet. Damask Violet. Fig. 1826. Lvs. ovate- lanceolate, 2-3 in. long, toothed: pods 2-4 in. long, straight, much contracted between the seeds. Eu., N. Asia. Escaped from gardens. Gn. 53, p. 293; 49, p. 339 (a lovely garden view).—Forms clumps 2-3 ft. high, branched from the base, and covered with showy terminal pyramidal spikes of 4- petaled fls. resembling stocks. The colors range from white through lilac and pink to purple. The double forms are most popular. The plant blooms from June to Aug., and has long been cult, in cottage gardens. The ordinary single forms are not worth growing in the border, but may be used in wild gardens. The double rockets are amongst the best hardy plants, very productive of bloom and useful for cutting. The double-fld. white, var. alba-plena, Hort., very fragrant, is much prized. G. 25:283; 28:701. Gn. W. 22. suppl. Apr. 29. Var. purpurea, Hort., is a purple-fld. garden form. Var. pumila, Hort., is a dwarf form. Var. nana candidssima, Hort., is a pure white garden form Wilhelm Miller.
  
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The plant is often confused with look-alike native [[phlox]] species in North America, but the former can be easily identified by its alternate (rather than opposite), toothed lanceolate leaves (5-15 centimetres in length, larger towards the base of the plant) and showy flowers, which have four rather than a phlox's five petals.
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L. H. B.
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}}
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{{edit-desc}}<!--- Type description info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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'''Dame's Rocket''', also known as '''Damask Violet''', '''Dame's Violet''', '''Dames-wort''', '''Dame's Gilliflower''', '''Night Scented Gilliflower''', '''Queen's Gilliflower''', '''Rogue's Gilliflower''', '''Summer Lilac''', '''Sweet Rocket''', '''Mother-of-the-evening''' and, '''Winter Gilliflower'''.
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==Cultivation==
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Reaching a maximum height of one metre (3 feet), Dame's Rocket shoots up quickly in spring and enters full bloom by May. The plentiful flowers, in elongate clusters atop strong hairy stalks, are large (2 cm) and vary in colour from white to lavender purple, some being a variegated intermediate between the two. A double-flowered variety is known. The flowers are also highly fragrant; the [[genus]] name ''Hesperis'' is [[Greek language|Greek]] for evening, a reference to this plant's sweet aroma becoming evermore conspicuous towards evening.
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===Propagation===
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The blooming season may last until August, but exceptionally warm weather can hasten the blooms' passing. Seeds are produced in long (5-10 centimetres) pods containing two rows of seeds separated by a dimple.
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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[[Image:Dame's rocket2.jpg|left|thumb|200px|A stand of Dame's Rocket in a forested setting]]
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==Species==
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<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
  
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Moist soil with good drainage in full sun to partial shade is preferred, but the plants are undemanding and will quickly crowd out native [[wildflower]] species if given the chance to become established. Extensive monotypic stands of Dame's Rocket are visible at great distances.
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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[[Image:Dame's rocket2.jpg|thumb|200px|A stand of Dame's Rocket in a forested setting]]
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
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The successful spread of Dame's Rocket in North America has been attributed to its prolific seed production and because its seeds are often included in prepackaged "wildflower seed" assortments. Although the plants typically produce only a low-lying rosette their first year, in subsequent years blooming and seed production occurs in tandem throughout the blooming season. The plants are most commonly seen in roadside ditches, dumps and in open woodland settings. Dame's Rocket does however make for an attractive, hardy garden plant and probably does not pose a threat in urban settings.
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==References==
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<!--- xxxxx  *[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
  
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In Europe, Dame's Rocket is host to the [[caterpillar]]s of several [[butterfly]] species, including the [[Orange tip]] (''Anthocharis cardamines'') and [[Cabbage White]] (''Pieris rapae''); and [[moth]]s such as ''Plutella porrectella''.
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
  
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[[Category:Brassicaceae]]
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Garden plants]]
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__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 05:50, 24 November 2009


Dame's rocket.jpg


Plant Characteristics
Habit   herbaceous

Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈ Eurasia
Cultivation
Scientific Names

Brassicaceae >

Hesperis >

matronalis >



Read about Dame's Rocket in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Hesperis matronalis, Linn. Rocket. Sweet Rocket. Dame's VioLet. Damask Violet. Fig. 1826. Lvs. ovate- lanceolate, 2-3 in. long, toothed: pods 2-4 in. long, straight, much contracted between the seeds. Eu., N. Asia. Escaped from gardens. Gn. 53, p. 293; 49, p. 339 (a lovely garden view).—Forms clumps 2-3 ft. high, branched from the base, and covered with showy terminal pyramidal spikes of 4- petaled fls. resembling stocks. The colors range from white through lilac and pink to purple. The double forms are most popular. The plant blooms from June to Aug., and has long been cult, in cottage gardens. The ordinary single forms are not worth growing in the border, but may be used in wild gardens. The double rockets are amongst the best hardy plants, very productive of bloom and useful for cutting. The double-fld. white, var. alba-plena, Hort., very fragrant, is much prized. G. 25:283; 28:701. Gn. W. 22. suppl. Apr. 29. Var. purpurea, Hort., is a purple-fld. garden form. Var. pumila, Hort., is a dwarf form. Var. nana candidssima, Hort., is a pure white garden form Wilhelm Miller.

L. H. B.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Do you have a description of this genus or plant? Edit this section!

Dame's Rocket, also known as Damask Violet, Dame's Violet, Dames-wort, Dame's Gilliflower, Night Scented Gilliflower, Queen's Gilliflower, Rogue's Gilliflower, Summer Lilac, Sweet Rocket, Mother-of-the-evening and, Winter Gilliflower.

Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

Gallery

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A stand of Dame's Rocket in a forested setting

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links


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