Difference between revisions of "Zamia"

From Gardenology.org - Plant Encyclopedia and Gardening Wiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
(template)
 
 
(2 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
+
{{SPlantbox
−
| name = ''Zamia''
+
|familia=Zamiaceae
−
| common_names =     <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
+
|genus=Zamia
−
| growth_habit =     <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
+
|habit=palm-cycad
−
| high =    <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
+
|Min ht metric=cm
−
| wide =     <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
+
|origin=mostly N & S America
−
| origin =     <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
+
|poisonous=oftentimes seeds
−
| poisonous =     <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
+
|lifespan=perennial
−
| lifespan =     <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
+
|Temp Metric=°F
−
| exposure =    <!--- sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
+
|image=Zamia furfuracea03.jpg
−
| water =    <!--- frequent, regular, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
+
|image_width=240
−
| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, naturalizes, invasive -->
 
−
| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5[[Celsius|°C]], etc -->
 
−
| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
 
−
| usda_zones =    <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
 
−
| sunset_zones =     <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
 
−
| color = IndianRed
 
−
| image = Upload.png  <!--- Freesia.jpg -->
 
−
| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
 
−
| image_caption =    <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->
 
−
| regnum = Plantae
 
−
| divisio = Cycadophyta
 
−
| classis = Cycadopsida
 
−
| ordo = Cycadales
 
−
| familia = Zamiaceae
 
−
| genus = Zamia
 
 
}}
 
}}
−
{{edit-desc}}<!--- Type GENERAL genus/plant description below this line, then delete this entire line -->
+
{{Inc|
 +
Zamia (name used by Pliny, meaning loss or damage, and first applied to barren pine cones, and transferred to these plants apparently because of the cone-like fruit). Cycadaceae. Perennial, tropical and subtropical plants, resembling palms and in some respects ferns.
 +
 
 +
Caudex sometimes a low trunk, simply lobed or branched, standing above or almost below ground: lvs. few, developing one after the other, pinnately compound; pinnae broad or narrow, articulate at base, entire or serrate, parallel-veined; petiole smooth or spinulose: cones rather small for the order, glabrous or rarely scurfy: fls. dioecious, male cone oblong-cylindrical, female cone similar but larger and thicker: ovules sessile, ovoid.—About 36 species, Trop. and Subtrop. Amer. One of the 9 genera of the Cycas family, as constituted by Alphonse De Candolle (Prodr. 16. pt. 2. pp. 522-47). Other genera of horticultural interest and discussed in this Cyclopedia are Ceratozamia, Cycas, Dioon, Encephalartos, and Macrozamia. The fls. of cycads are dioecious, without envelopes; the pistillate fls. are mere naked ovules inserted under scales in cones, and the staminate fls. are simple anthers under similar scales. The plants are therefore gymnosperms (seeds naked or not inclosed in a pericarp or ripened ovary) and are allied to the conifers. The fr. is a berry-like drupe. In Zamia the floral scales are peltate (and not horned) and form a cylindrical cone; the anthers are numerous, and the ovules pendulous in pairs. The fecundation of Zamia has been studied by H. J. Webber (Bull. No. 2, Bur. Pl. Ind., U. S. Dept. Agric.). His conclusions respecting the Floridian species are accepted below.
 +
 
 +
The zamias are stocky short- and usually simple-stemmed cycas-like plants, the trunk sometimes subterranean, with long-pinnate evergreen leaves or fronds, the leaflets being thickened and usually broadened at the base, and jointed. Zamias are warmhouse plants, to be treated like species of Cycas or Encephalartos, which see. The plants are propagated by means of seeds and offsets; also by division when there is more than one crown.
 +
 
 +
Z. corallipes, Versch., is Macrozamia spiralis.—Z. Denisoni, Auth., is Macrozamia Peroffskyana.—Z. glauca, Hort.-Cycas Rumphii(?).—Z. pungens, Ait.-Encephalartos pungens.—Z. spinosa, Lodd.-Encephalartos Altensteinii.
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
Largest [[genus]] of [[cycad]] family, Zamiaceae, with over 55 species. Leaves are pinnate, stems are cylindrical or tuber-like.  Stems usually subterranean but can be above ground. [[Palm]] or [[fern]]-like appearance, with male and female plants. Both sexes bear cones, those of the female being larger. Seeds of some species are highly toxic. [[Leaves]] are arranged like spirals, are arching, and have smooth [[leaflet]]s for the most part, whose margins may be toothed, smooth-edged, or bumpy, and in some species spiny. Zamia originate from a range of habitats. Most do best [[tropical]] and [[subtropical]] [[frost-free]] regions, and make nice [[landscape]] plants.
  
 
==Cultivation==
 
==Cultivation==
−
{{monthbox
+
Can grow in most well-drained soils. The open-habit types with tougher leaves can handle more exposure and more direct sun, while those with softer leaves, lusher growth, of the the understory types are better off with sheltered, semi-shaded placement and higher humidity.
−
| color = IndianRed
 
−
| name = Zamia
 
−
| jan =
 
−
| feb =
 
−
| mar =
 
−
| apr =
 
−
| may =
 
−
| jun =
 
−
| jul =
 
−
| aug =
 
−
| sep =
 
−
| oct =
 
−
| nov =
 
−
| dec =
 
−
| notes =
 
−
}}
 
−
{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
 
  
 
===Propagation===
 
===Propagation===
−
{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
+
Propagation from fresh seed.
  
 
===Pests and diseases===
 
===Pests and diseases===
Line 57: Line 35:
 
Partial list:
 
Partial list:
 
* ''[[Zamia acuminata]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia acuminata]]''
 +
* ''[[Zamia angustifolia]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia boliviana]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia boliviana]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia encephalartoides]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia encephalartoides]]''
Line 66: Line 45:
 
* ''[[Zamia integrifolia]]'', Florida Coontie, Florida Arrowroot (also ''Z. floridana'')
 
* ''[[Zamia integrifolia]]'', Florida Coontie, Florida Arrowroot (also ''Z. floridana'')
 
* ''[[Zamia ipetiensis]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia ipetiensis]]''
 +
* ''[[Zamia lindenii]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia loddigesii]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia loddigesii]]''
 +
* ''[[Zamia mexicana]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia montana]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia montana]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia polymorpha]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia polymorpha]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia portoricensis]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia portoricensis]]''
 +
* ''[[Zamia pseudo-parasitica]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia pumila]]'', Dominican Zamia
 
* ''[[Zamia pumila]]'', Dominican Zamia
 
* ''[[Zamia roezlii]]''
 
* ''[[Zamia roezlii]]''
Line 87: Line 69:
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
−
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
+
*Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
Line 95: Line 77:
  
 
{{stub}}
 
{{stub}}
−
[[Category:Categorize]]
+
__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 16:27, 7 December 2009


Zamia furfuracea03.jpg


Plant Characteristics
Habit   palm-cycad

Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈ mostly N & S America
Poisonous: ☠ oftentimes seeds
Cultivation
Scientific Names

Zamiaceae >

Zamia >



Read about Zamia in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Zamia (name used by Pliny, meaning loss or damage, and first applied to barren pine cones, and transferred to these plants apparently because of the cone-like fruit). Cycadaceae. Perennial, tropical and subtropical plants, resembling palms and in some respects ferns.

Caudex sometimes a low trunk, simply lobed or branched, standing above or almost below ground: lvs. few, developing one after the other, pinnately compound; pinnae broad or narrow, articulate at base, entire or serrate, parallel-veined; petiole smooth or spinulose: cones rather small for the order, glabrous or rarely scurfy: fls. dioecious, male cone oblong-cylindrical, female cone similar but larger and thicker: ovules sessile, ovoid.—About 36 species, Trop. and Subtrop. Amer. One of the 9 genera of the Cycas family, as constituted by Alphonse De Candolle (Prodr. 16. pt. 2. pp. 522-47). Other genera of horticultural interest and discussed in this Cyclopedia are Ceratozamia, Cycas, Dioon, Encephalartos, and Macrozamia. The fls. of cycads are dioecious, without envelopes; the pistillate fls. are mere naked ovules inserted under scales in cones, and the staminate fls. are simple anthers under similar scales. The plants are therefore gymnosperms (seeds naked or not inclosed in a pericarp or ripened ovary) and are allied to the conifers. The fr. is a berry-like drupe. In Zamia the floral scales are peltate (and not horned) and form a cylindrical cone; the anthers are numerous, and the ovules pendulous in pairs. The fecundation of Zamia has been studied by H. J. Webber (Bull. No. 2, Bur. Pl. Ind., U. S. Dept. Agric.). His conclusions respecting the Floridian species are accepted below.

The zamias are stocky short- and usually simple-stemmed cycas-like plants, the trunk sometimes subterranean, with long-pinnate evergreen leaves or fronds, the leaflets being thickened and usually broadened at the base, and jointed. Zamias are warmhouse plants, to be treated like species of Cycas or Encephalartos, which see. The plants are propagated by means of seeds and offsets; also by division when there is more than one crown.

Z. corallipes, Versch., is Macrozamia spiralis.—Z. Denisoni, Auth., is Macrozamia Peroffskyana.—Z. glauca, Hort.-Cycas Rumphii(?).—Z. pungens, Ait.-Encephalartos pungens.—Z. spinosa, Lodd.-Encephalartos Altensteinii.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Largest genus of cycad family, Zamiaceae, with over 55 species. Leaves are pinnate, stems are cylindrical or tuber-like. Stems usually subterranean but can be above ground. Palm or fern-like appearance, with male and female plants. Both sexes bear cones, those of the female being larger. Seeds of some species are highly toxic. Leaves are arranged like spirals, are arching, and have smooth leaflets for the most part, whose margins may be toothed, smooth-edged, or bumpy, and in some species spiny. Zamia originate from a range of habitats. Most do best tropical and subtropical frost-free regions, and make nice landscape plants.

Cultivation

Can grow in most well-drained soils. The open-habit types with tougher leaves can handle more exposure and more direct sun, while those with softer leaves, lusher growth, of the the understory types are better off with sheltered, semi-shaded placement and higher humidity.

Propagation

Propagation from fresh seed.

Pests and diseases

Do you have pest and disease info on this plant? Edit this section!

Species

Partial list:

Gallery

If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

  • Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381

External links


Retrieved from "http://gardenology.mywikis.net/w/index.php?title=Zamia&oldid=90056"