Difference between revisions of "Monarda"

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_NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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{{SPlantbox
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| name = ''Monarda didyma''
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|familia=Lamiaceae
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| common_names = bee balm   <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
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|genus=Monarda
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| growth_habit = herbaceous   <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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|common_name=bee balm, oswego tea, horsemint
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| high = 1m    <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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|habit=herbaceous
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| wide = 20cm    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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|Max ht box=1
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| origin =     <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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|Max ht metric=m
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| poisonous =     <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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|Max wd box=20
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| lifespan =  annual  <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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|Max wd metric=cm
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| exposure =    <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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|exposure=sun
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| water = moderate, does not like to stand in water    <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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|water=moderate
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| features = fragrant    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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|features=fragrance
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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|Temp Metric=°F
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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|image=Monarda-didyma.JPG
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| usda_zones =    <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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|image_width=180
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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Monarda is a genus which includes [[Monarda didyma]], better known as Bee Balm.
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| image = Monarda-didyma.JPG  <!--- Freesia.jpg -->
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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{{Inc|
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| image_caption = Monarda didyma    <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->
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Monarda (after Nicolas Monardes, a Spanish physician and botanist, who published in 1571 a book containing accounts of American products.). Labiatae. Horse-mint. Annual and perennial, erect, aromatic herbs.
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| regnum = Plantae  <!--- Kingdom -->
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta  <!--- Phylum -->
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Leaves dentate or serrate: calyx tubular, narrow, 15-nerved, nearly 5-toothed, mostly villous in the throat; fls. rather large, white, red, purplish, yellowish or mottled, in dense capitate clusters, mostly bracteate, terminal and sometimes axillary, the bracts often highly colored; corolla glabrous within, tube slightly dilated above; upper lip erect or arched; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed, the middle lobe larger or longer than the others; anther-bearing stamens 2, usually exserted, the posterior pair rudimentary or wanting; anthers linear; ovary 4-parted.—About 12 species, natives of N. Amer., including Mex.
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| classis = Magnoliopsida  <!--- Class -->
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| ordo = Lamiales  <!--- Order -->
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This includes the Oswego tea (M. didyma), one of the most brilliant of our native wild flowers, being surpassed in the intensity of its red only by the cardinal- flower. It is a rather coarse herb, with large heads of gaping, wide-mouthed flowers, which have none of the refinement of the cardinal-flower. For mass effects, however, these plants are very striking. They grow wild along the banks of streams, lighting up the dark corners of the woods. This suggests their proper place in landscape gardening. They should be grown in masses, in wild spots against a dark background. However, they can, if desired, be grown in an ordinary sunny border without more moisture than usual. As a bedding plant they would be inferior to Salvia coccinea, the flowers being shorter-lived. The white- and rose- colored varieties are less desirable. M. fistulosa is the same type of plant, and is procurable in colors ranging from white, flesh-color and lilac, through rose and crimson to deep purple, but not scarlet. This species is very variable in height. The lighter-colored varieties are usually less robust.
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| familia = Lamiaceae  <!--- Family -->
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| genus = Monarda
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Monardas are easy of culture, thriving in any good soil. They spread quickly, and therefore need frequent separation, which operation is best done in the spring, as plants disturbed in autumn will often winter-kill.
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| species = Monarda didyma
 
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| subspecies =
 
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| cultivar =
 
 
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{{This plant provides flavor and scent with its leaves and flowers. The Earl Grey tea is scented with this plant. }}<!--- Type GENERAL genus/plant description below this line, then delete this entire line -->
 
  
 
==Cultivation==
 
==Cultivation==
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| color = IndianRed
 
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===Pests and diseases===
 
===Pests and diseases===
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{{Very sensitive to mold. Do not overwater.}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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==Species==
 
==Species==
 
<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
 
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<!--  *''[[Freesia alba]]''  -->
 
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==Gallery==
 
==Gallery==
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==References==
 
==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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Latest revision as of 21:44, 7 January 2010


Monarda-didyma.JPG


Plant Characteristics
Habit   herbaceous

Height: ⇕ 1 m"m" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 1.
Width: ⇔ 20 cm"cm" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 20.
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ sun
Water: ◍ moderate
Features: ✓ fragrance
Scientific Names

Lamiaceae >

Monarda >


Monarda is a genus which includes Monarda didyma, better known as Bee Balm.


Read about Monarda in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Monarda (after Nicolas Monardes, a Spanish physician and botanist, who published in 1571 a book containing accounts of American products.). Labiatae. Horse-mint. Annual and perennial, erect, aromatic herbs.

Leaves dentate or serrate: calyx tubular, narrow, 15-nerved, nearly 5-toothed, mostly villous in the throat; fls. rather large, white, red, purplish, yellowish or mottled, in dense capitate clusters, mostly bracteate, terminal and sometimes axillary, the bracts often highly colored; corolla glabrous within, tube slightly dilated above; upper lip erect or arched; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed, the middle lobe larger or longer than the others; anther-bearing stamens 2, usually exserted, the posterior pair rudimentary or wanting; anthers linear; ovary 4-parted.—About 12 species, natives of N. Amer., including Mex.

This includes the Oswego tea (M. didyma), one of the most brilliant of our native wild flowers, being surpassed in the intensity of its red only by the cardinal- flower. It is a rather coarse herb, with large heads of gaping, wide-mouthed flowers, which have none of the refinement of the cardinal-flower. For mass effects, however, these plants are very striking. They grow wild along the banks of streams, lighting up the dark corners of the woods. This suggests their proper place in landscape gardening. They should be grown in masses, in wild spots against a dark background. However, they can, if desired, be grown in an ordinary sunny border without more moisture than usual. As a bedding plant they would be inferior to Salvia coccinea, the flowers being shorter-lived. The white- and rose- colored varieties are less desirable. M. fistulosa is the same type of plant, and is procurable in colors ranging from white, flesh-color and lilac, through rose and crimson to deep purple, but not scarlet. This species is very variable in height. The lighter-colored varieties are usually less robust.

Monardas are easy of culture, thriving in any good soil. They spread quickly, and therefore need frequent separation, which operation is best done in the spring, as plants disturbed in autumn will often winter-kill.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

Gallery

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  • photo 2

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References

External links


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