Difference between revisions of "Fraxinus nigra"

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|taxo_author=Marshall
 
|common_name=Black ash, Swamp ash
 
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|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
 
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'''''Fraxinus nigra''''' ('''Black Ash''') is a species of ''[[Fraxinus]]'' (ash) native to much of eastern [[Canada]] and the northeastern [[United States]], from western [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]] west to southeastern [[Manitoba]], and south to [[Illinois]] and northern [[Virginia]].<ref name=grin>Germplasm Resources Information Network: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?301 ''Fraxinus nigra'']</ref>  
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It is a medium-sized [[deciduous]] [[tree]] reaching 15–20 m (exceptionally 26 m) tall with a trunk up to 60&nbsp;cm (exceptionally 160&nbsp;cm) diameter. The [[bark]] is grey, thick and corky even on young trees, becoming scaly and fissured with age. The winter buds are dark brown to blackish, with a velvety texture. The [[leaf|leaves]] are opposite, pinnate, with 7–13 (most often 9) leaflets; each leaf is 20–45&nbsp;cm long, the leaflets 7–16&nbsp;cm long and 2.5–5&nbsp;cm broad, with a finely toothed margin. The leaflets are sessile, directly attached to the rachis without a [[petiole (botany)|petiolule]]. The [[flower]]s are produced in spring shortly before the new leaves, in loose [[panicle]]s; they are inconspicuous with no petals, and are wind-pollinated. The [[fruit]] is a [[Samara (fruit)|samara]] 2.5–4.5&nbsp;cm long comprising a single [[seed]] 2&nbsp;cm long with an elongated apical wing 1.5–2&nbsp;cm long and 6–8&nbsp;mm broad.<ref name=nb>New Brunswick tree and shrub: [http://scf.rncan.gc.ca/subsite/mx-212/blackash ''Fraxinus nigra'']</ref><ref name=vplants>Virtual Herbarium of the Chicago Region: [http://www.vplants.org/plants/species/species.jsp?gid=17018 ''Fraxinus nigra'']</ref><ref name=usfs>USDA Forest Service Silvics Manual: [http://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/silvics_manual/volume_2/fraxinus/nigra.htm ''Fraxinus nigra'']</ref>
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It commonly occurs in [[swamp]]s, often with the closely related [[Fraxinus pennsylvanica|Green Ash]]. The fall foliage is yellow. Black Ash is one of the first trees to lose its leaves in the fall.
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Fraxinus nigra, Marsh. (F. sambucifolia, Lam.). Black Ash. Tree, to 80 ft.: lfts. 9-11, sessile, oblong-lanceolate, rounded at the base, acuminate, sharply serrate, green on both sides, dark above, 3-6 in. long: anthers broadly oblong: fr. narrow-oblong, with dccurrent wing. From Canada to Va., west to Mo.
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Fraxinus nigra, Marsh. (F. sambucifolia, Lam.). Black Ash. Fig. 1576. Tree, to 80 ft.: lfts. 9-11, sessile, oblong-lanceolate, rounded at the base, acuminate, sharply serrate, green on both sides, dark above, 3-6 in. long: anthers broadly oblong: fr. narrow-oblong, with dccurrent wing. From Canada to Va., west to Mo. 8.8.5:264,265. Em. 382.
 
 
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Revision as of 02:34, 5 August 2010


Fraxinus nigra leaves.jpg


Plant Characteristics
Habit   tree

Height: ⇕ 50 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 50.
Width: ⇔ 25 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 25.
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ sun
USDA Zones: 7 to 10
Scientific Names

Oleaceae >

Fraxinus >

nigra >

Marshall >


Fraxinus nigra (Black Ash) is a species of Fraxinus (ash) native to much of eastern Canada and the northeastern United States, from western Newfoundland west to southeastern Manitoba, and south to Illinois and northern Virginia.[1]

It is a medium-sized deciduous tree reaching 15–20 m (exceptionally 26 m) tall with a trunk up to 60 cm (exceptionally 160 cm) diameter. The bark is grey, thick and corky even on young trees, becoming scaly and fissured with age. The winter buds are dark brown to blackish, with a velvety texture. The leaves are opposite, pinnate, with 7–13 (most often 9) leaflets; each leaf is 20–45 cm long, the leaflets 7–16 cm long and 2.5–5 cm broad, with a finely toothed margin. The leaflets are sessile, directly attached to the rachis without a petiolule. The flowers are produced in spring shortly before the new leaves, in loose panicles; they are inconspicuous with no petals, and are wind-pollinated. The fruit is a samara 2.5–4.5 cm long comprising a single seed 2 cm long with an elongated apical wing 1.5–2 cm long and 6–8 mm broad.[2][3][4]

It commonly occurs in swamps, often with the closely related Green Ash. The fall foliage is yellow. Black Ash is one of the first trees to lose its leaves in the fall.


Read about Fraxinus nigra in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Fraxinus nigra, Marsh. (F. sambucifolia, Lam.). Black Ash. Tree, to 80 ft.: lfts. 9-11, sessile, oblong-lanceolate, rounded at the base, acuminate, sharply serrate, green on both sides, dark above, 3-6 in. long: anthers broadly oblong: fr. narrow-oblong, with dccurrent wing. From Canada to Va., west to Mo. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

Gallery

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References

External links


  1. ↑ Germplasm Resources Information Network: Fraxinus nigra
  2. ↑ New Brunswick tree and shrub: Fraxinus nigra
  3. ↑ Virtual Herbarium of the Chicago Region: Fraxinus nigra
  4. ↑ USDA Forest Service Silvics Manual: Fraxinus nigra
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