Difference between revisions of "Tilia platyphyllos"

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|genus=Tilia
 
|species=platyphyllos
 
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|taxo_author=Scop.
 
|common_name=Broad-leafed lime
 
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|image_caption=Large-leaved Lime (''Tilia platyphyllos'')
 
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'''''Tilia platyphyllos''''' is a deciduous [[tree]] native to much of [[Europe]], including locally in southwestern [[Great Britain]], growing on [[Lime (mineral)|lime]]-rich soils. The common name '''Large-leaved Linden''' is in standard use throughout the English-speaking world except in Britain, where it has largely (but not universally) been replaced{{Verify source|date=April 2010}}<!-- or is it the other way around ("linden" replacing the original "lime")? Both terms seem to date to the Early Modern era, but "linden" seems to have been an adjective "made from lime wood" at first?! --> by the name '''Large-leaved Lime'''. It is frequently planted as an ornamental tree in parks, or as a shade tree or a lawn tree. It has been introduced in the US (New England).
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It is a narrowly domed tree with a moderate growth rate, and can eventually attain a height of 40 m. The reddish-brown young [[Plant stem|stems]] later develop dark gray [[bark]] with fine fissures and furrows. The branches spread upwards at wide angles. The [[twig]]s are reddish-green and slightly pubescent.
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[[Image:Tilia platyphyllos(02).jpg|thumb|left|250px|leaves]]
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The [[foliage]] consists of simple, alternately arranged [[Leaf|leaves]]. As indicated by its common name, this tree has larger leaves than the related ''[[Tilia cordata]]'' (Small-leaved Linden), 6 to 9 cm (exceptionally 15 cm). They are ovate to cordate, mid to dark green above and below, with white downy hair on the underside, particularly along the veins, tapering into a mucronate tip. The margin is sharply serrate, and the base cordate; the venation is palmate along a midrib. The pubescent [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]] is usually 3-4 cm long, but can vary between 1.5-5 cm. The autumn foliage is yellow-green to yellow.
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The small, fragrant, yellowish-white [[flower]]s are arranged in drooping, cymose clusters in groups of 3 to 4. Their whitish-green, leaf-like [[bract]]s have an oblong-obovate shape. The geniculate peduncles are between 1.5-3 cm long. The [[plant sexuality|hermaphroditic]] flowers have 5 [[sepal]]s and 5 [[tepal]]s, numerous [[stamen]]s, but no staminodes. The superior [[ovary (plants)|ovary]] is 2-10 locular with one smooth [[carpel|style]]. The flowers are pollinated by bees.
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The [[fruit]] is a small, round, tomentose, cream-colored nutlet with a diameter of 1 cm or less. It has a woody shell with 3-5 ridges.
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Tilia platyphyllos, Scop. (T. grandifolia, Ehrh. T. europaea, Linn., in part). Large-leaved Lime. Tree, to 120 ft.: young branchlets pubescent, older glabrous: lvs. orbicular-ovate, abruptly acuminate, obliquely cordate at the base, regularly serrate, dull green and short-pubescent or glabrous above, light green and pubescent beneath, 3-4 in. long; petioles stout, hairy: fls. in usually 3-fld. pendulous cymes; petals oblanceolate, longer than sepals; stamens 30; style glabrous: fr. globose, ovoid or pyriform, 3-5- ribbed, apiculate, tomentose, thick-shelled. June; the earliest species to bloom. Eu.—Very variable; some of the most important varieties are the following: Var. pyramidalis, Kirchn. Of narrow pyramidal habit. Var. corallina, Dipp. (var. rubra, Hort.). Young branches red. Var. aurea, Kirchn. Young branches golden yellow. Var. laciniata, Henry (var. asplenifolia, Kirchn. var. filicifolia, Hort. T. europaea var T. laciniata, Loud.). Lvs. deeply and irregularly cut. Var. vitifolia, Simonkai. Lvs. slightly 3-lobed or indistinctly lobed.—This species is the strongest grower and in this country often sold as T. europaea. It is more impatient of drought than most other species and therefore not to be recommended as a street tree.
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Tilia platyphyllos, Scop. (T. grandifolia, Ehrh. T. europaea, Linn., in part). Large-leaved Lime. Fig. 3811. Tree, to 120 ft.: young branchlets pubescent, older glabrous: lvs. orbicular-ovate, abruptly acuminate, obliquely cordate at the base, regularly serrate, dull green and short-pubescent or glabrous above, light green and pubescent beneath, 3-4 in. long; petioles stout, hairy: fls. in usually 3-fld. pendulous cymes; petals oblanceolate, longer than sepals; stamens 30; style glabrous: fr. globose, ovoid or pyriform, 3-5- ribbed, apiculate, tomentose, thick-shelled. June; the earliest species to bloom. Eu. G.F. 2:256 (adapted in Fig. 3811). H.W. 3:42, p. 24, 25. R.F.G. 6:316, 317, 318.—Very variable; some of the most important varieties are the following: Var. pyramidalis, Kirchn. Of narrow pyramidal habit. M.D.G. 1898:161. Var. corallina, Dipp. (var. rubra, Hort.). Young branches red. Var. aurea, Kirchn. Young branches golden yellow. Var. laciniata, Henry (var. asplenifolia, Kirchn. var. filicifolia, Hort. T. europaea var T. laciniata, Loud.). Lvs. deeply and irregularly cut. G.W. 15, p. 662. Var. vitifolia, Simonkai. Lvs. slightly 3-lobed or indistinctly lobed.—This species is the strongest grower and in this country often sold as T. europaea. It is more impatient of drought than most other species and therefore not to be recommended as a street tree.
 
 
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==Species==
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==Varieties==
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<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
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There are several [[cultivar]]s offered commercially in nurseries, including 'Rubra' (red twiiged) and 'Tortuosa' (twisted branches).
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''Tilia platyphyllos'' readily [[Hybrid (biology)|hybridises]] with ''Tilia cordata'', the hybrid being the Common Lime ''[[Tilia × europaea]]'' (syn. ''Tilia × vulgaris'').
  
 
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Revision as of 21:21, 27 April 2010


Large-leaved Lime (Tilia platyphyllos)


Plant Characteristics
Habit   tree

Height: ⇕ 100 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 100.
Width: ⇔ 50 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 50.
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Bloom: ❀ early summer, mid summer, late summer
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ sun
Features: ✓ flowers
USDA Zones: 5 to 9
Flower features: ❀ orange, yellow
Scientific Names

Tiliaceae >

Tilia >

platyphyllos >

Scop. >


Tilia platyphyllos is a deciduous tree native to much of Europe, including locally in southwestern Great Britain, growing on lime-rich soils. The common name Large-leaved Linden is in standard use throughout the English-speaking world except in Britain, where it has largely (but not universally) been replacedTemplate:Verify source by the name Large-leaved Lime. It is frequently planted as an ornamental tree in parks, or as a shade tree or a lawn tree. It has been introduced in the US (New England).

It is a narrowly domed tree with a moderate growth rate, and can eventually attain a height of 40 m. The reddish-brown young stems later develop dark gray bark with fine fissures and furrows. The branches spread upwards at wide angles. The twigs are reddish-green and slightly pubescent.

leaves

The foliage consists of simple, alternately arranged leaves. As indicated by its common name, this tree has larger leaves than the related Tilia cordata (Small-leaved Linden), 6 to 9 cm (exceptionally 15 cm). They are ovate to cordate, mid to dark green above and below, with white downy hair on the underside, particularly along the veins, tapering into a mucronate tip. The margin is sharply serrate, and the base cordate; the venation is palmate along a midrib. The pubescent petiole is usually 3-4 cm long, but can vary between 1.5-5 cm. The autumn foliage is yellow-green to yellow.

The small, fragrant, yellowish-white flowers are arranged in drooping, cymose clusters in groups of 3 to 4. Their whitish-green, leaf-like bracts have an oblong-obovate shape. The geniculate peduncles are between 1.5-3 cm long. The hermaphroditic flowers have 5 sepals and 5 tepals, numerous stamens, but no staminodes. The superior ovary is 2-10 locular with one smooth style. The flowers are pollinated by bees.

The fruit is a small, round, tomentose, cream-colored nutlet with a diameter of 1 cm or less. It has a woody shell with 3-5 ridges.


Read about Tilia platyphyllos in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Tilia platyphyllos, Scop. (T. grandifolia, Ehrh. T. europaea, Linn., in part). Large-leaved Lime. Tree, to 120 ft.: young branchlets pubescent, older glabrous: lvs. orbicular-ovate, abruptly acuminate, obliquely cordate at the base, regularly serrate, dull green and short-pubescent or glabrous above, light green and pubescent beneath, 3-4 in. long; petioles stout, hairy: fls. in usually 3-fld. pendulous cymes; petals oblanceolate, longer than sepals; stamens 30; style glabrous: fr. globose, ovoid or pyriform, 3-5- ribbed, apiculate, tomentose, thick-shelled. June; the earliest species to bloom. Eu.—Very variable; some of the most important varieties are the following: Var. pyramidalis, Kirchn. Of narrow pyramidal habit. Var. corallina, Dipp. (var. rubra, Hort.). Young branches red. Var. aurea, Kirchn. Young branches golden yellow. Var. laciniata, Henry (var. asplenifolia, Kirchn. var. filicifolia, Hort. T. europaea var T. laciniata, Loud.). Lvs. deeply and irregularly cut. Var. vitifolia, Simonkai. Lvs. slightly 3-lobed or indistinctly lobed.—This species is the strongest grower and in this country often sold as T. europaea. It is more impatient of drought than most other species and therefore not to be recommended as a street tree. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Varieties

There are several cultivars offered commercially in nurseries, including 'Rubra' (red twiiged) and 'Tortuosa' (twisted branches).

Tilia platyphyllos readily hybridises with Tilia cordata, the hybrid being the Common Lime Tilia × europaea (syn. Tilia × vulgaris).

Gallery

If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links


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