Difference between revisions of "Schinus terebinthifolius"

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|species=terebinthifolius
 
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|common_name=Brazilian pepper tree
 
|common_name=Brazilian pepper tree
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|poisonous=sap can cause skin reaction
 
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|features=flowers, invasive
 
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'''''Schinus terebinthifolius''''' is a species of [[flowering plant]] in the [[cashew]] family, [[Anacardiaceae]], that is native to [[Subtropics|subtropical]] and [[Tropics|tropical]] [[South America]] (southeastern [[Brazil]], northern [[Argentina]] and [[Paraguay]]). It is found in the following states of Brazil: [[Alagoas]], [[Bahia]], [[Espírito Santo]], [[Mato Grosso do Sul]], [[Minas Gerais]], [[Pernambuco]], [[Paraná (state)|Paraná]], [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Rio Grande do Norte]], [[Rio Grande do Sul]], [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]], [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]], and [[Sergipe]]. Common names include '''Brazilian Pepper''', '''Aroeira''', '''Florida Holly''', '''Rose Pepper''', and '''Christmasberry'''.<ref>[http://www.ipef.br/identificacao/nativas/detalhes.asp?codigo=30 ''Schinus terebinthifolius''] at [http://www.ipef.br/ Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Florestais]</ref>
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Brazilian Pepper is a sprawling [[shrub]] or small [[tree]], reaching a height of 7-10 m. The branches can be upright, reclining, or nearly [[vine]]-like, all on the same plant. Its plastic morphology allows it to thrive in all kinds of ecosystems: from [[dunes]] to [[swamps]], where it grows as a quasi-aquatic plant<ref>Paulo Backes & Bruno Irgang, ''Mata Atlântica: as árvores e a paisagem'', Porto Alegre, Paisagem do Sul, 2004, page 102</ref>. The [[leaf|leaves]] are [[Phyllotaxis|alternate]], 10-22 cm long, [[pinnate]]ly compound with (3-) 5-15 [[leaflet]]s; the leaflets are roughly [[Leaf shape|oval]] (lanceolate to elliptical), 3-6 cm long and 2-3.5 cm broad, and have finely toothed margins, an acute to rounded apex and yellowish veins. The leaf [[rachis]] between the leaflets is usually (but not invariably) slightly winged. The plant is [[plant sexuality|dioeceous]], with small white [[flower]]s borne profusely in axillary [[Inflorescence|clusters]]. The [[fruit]] is a small red spherical [[drupe]] 4-5 mm diameter, carried in dense clusters of hundreds of berries.
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Brazilian pepper is widely grown as an [[ornamental plant]] in frost-free regions of South America for its foliage and fruit. It is considered as a [[melliferous flower]].<ref>Paulo Backes & Bruno Irgang, ''ibid.''</ref>
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Although it is not a true pepper (''[[Piper (genus)|Piper]]''), its dried drupes are often sold as '''pink peppercorns'''. The seeds can be used as a [[spice]], if used in moderation, adding a [[black pepper|pepper]]-like taste to food.
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Planted originally as an ornamental outside of its native range, Brazilian pepper has become widespread and is considered an [[invasive species]] in many [[Subtropics|subtropical]] regions with moderate to high rainfall. Brazilian Pepper is hard to control because it produces [[basal shoot]]s if the trunk is cut. Trees also produce abundant [[seed]]s that are [[Seed dispersal|dispersed]] by [[bird]]s and [[ant]]s.
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Schinus terebinthifolius, Raddi, with racemose fls., lvs. composed of 7 broader, somewhat serrated lfts. and scarlet berries, is sparingly met with in cult. in S. Calif., and proves hardy in San Francisco. Brazil.
 
Schinus terebinthifolius, Raddi, with racemose fls., lvs. composed of 7 broader, somewhat serrated lfts. and scarlet berries, is sparingly met with in cult. in S. Calif., and proves hardy in San Francisco. Brazil.
 
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==Cultivation==
 
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===Propagation===
 
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===Pests and diseases===
 
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==Species==
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<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
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==Varieties==
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There are two [[variety (biology)|varieties]]:
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*''Schinus terebinthifolius'' var. ''acutifolius''. Leaves to 22 cm, with 7-15 leaflets; fruit pink.
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*''Schinus terebinthifolius'' var. ''terebinthifolius''. Leaves to 17 cm, with 5-13 leaflets; fruit red.
  
 
==Gallery==
 
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Image:Brazilian pepper tree.jpg|
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File:Schinus terebinthifolius leaves.jpg|leaves
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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File:Schinus terebinthifolius flowers.jpg|flowers
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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File:Schinus terebinthifolius stem.jpg|stem
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
 
 
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</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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<references/>
 
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
 
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
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Revision as of 05:30, 21 May 2010


Starr 041018-0009 Schinus terebinthifolius.jpg


Plant Characteristics
Habit   tree

Height: ⇕ 20 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 20.
Width: ⇔ 15 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 15.
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Poisonous: ☠ sap can cause skin reaction
Bloom: ❀ early spring, mid spring, late spring, early summer, mid summer, late summer
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ sun
Features: ✓ flowers, invasive
USDA Zones: 9 to 12
Flower features: ❀ white
Scientific Names

Anacardiaceae >

Schinus >

terebinthifolius >


Schinus terebinthifolius is a species of flowering plant in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae, that is native to subtropical and tropical South America (southeastern Brazil, northern Argentina and Paraguay). It is found in the following states of Brazil: Alagoas, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, and Sergipe. Common names include Brazilian Pepper, Aroeira, Florida Holly, Rose Pepper, and Christmasberry.[1]

Brazilian Pepper is a sprawling shrub or small tree, reaching a height of 7-10 m. The branches can be upright, reclining, or nearly vine-like, all on the same plant. Its plastic morphology allows it to thrive in all kinds of ecosystems: from dunes to swamps, where it grows as a quasi-aquatic plant[2]. The leaves are alternate, 10-22 cm long, pinnately compound with (3-) 5-15 leaflets; the leaflets are roughly oval (lanceolate to elliptical), 3-6 cm long and 2-3.5 cm broad, and have finely toothed margins, an acute to rounded apex and yellowish veins. The leaf rachis between the leaflets is usually (but not invariably) slightly winged. The plant is dioeceous, with small white flowers borne profusely in axillary clusters. The fruit is a small red spherical drupe 4-5 mm diameter, carried in dense clusters of hundreds of berries.

Brazilian pepper is widely grown as an ornamental plant in frost-free regions of South America for its foliage and fruit. It is considered as a melliferous flower.[3]

Although it is not a true pepper (Piper), its dried drupes are often sold as pink peppercorns. The seeds can be used as a spice, if used in moderation, adding a pepper-like taste to food.

Planted originally as an ornamental outside of its native range, Brazilian pepper has become widespread and is considered an invasive species in many subtropical regions with moderate to high rainfall. Brazilian Pepper is hard to control because it produces basal shoots if the trunk is cut. Trees also produce abundant seeds that are dispersed by birds and ants.


Read about Schinus terebinthifolius in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Schinus terebinthifolius, Raddi, with racemose fls., lvs. composed of 7 broader, somewhat serrated lfts. and scarlet berries, is sparingly met with in cult. in S. Calif., and proves hardy in San Francisco. Brazil. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Varieties

There are two varieties:

  • Schinus terebinthifolius var. acutifolius. Leaves to 22 cm, with 7-15 leaflets; fruit pink.
  • Schinus terebinthifolius var. terebinthifolius. Leaves to 17 cm, with 5-13 leaflets; fruit red.

Gallery

  • Brazilian pepper tree.jpg

  • leaves

  • flowers

  • stem

References

  1. ↑ Schinus terebinthifolius at Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Florestais
  2. ↑ Paulo Backes & Bruno Irgang, Mata Atlântica: as árvores e a paisagem, Porto Alegre, Paisagem do Sul, 2004, page 102
  3. ↑ Paulo Backes & Bruno Irgang, ibid.

External links


Retrieved from "http://gardenology.mywikis.net/w/index.php?title=Schinus_terebinthifolius&oldid=128524"