Difference between revisions of "Scilla"

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''Scilla''
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| common_names = squill
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| growth_habit = bulb
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan = perennial
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = Scilla siberica0.jpg
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = Siberian Squill (''Scilla siberica'')
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Liliopsida
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| ordo = Asparagales
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| familia = Hyacinthaceae
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| genus = Scilla
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| species =
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| subspecies =
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| cultivar =
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}}
 
{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Scilla (the old Greek name used by Hippocrates: I injure, according to Miller, alluding to the poisonous bulbs). Liliaceae. Squill. Wild Hyacinth. Bluebell. Perennial bulbous plants remarkable for easy culture, quick growth and beautiful blue, rose, or white flowers, blooming early in the spring (some in autumn), and therefore desirable plants for the wild-garden, rock-garden, or border; they are very useful in pots for midwinter flowers for window-boxes and for room-decoration; some are stove plants; some of the South African forms have handsome spotted foliage.
 
Scilla (the old Greek name used by Hippocrates: I injure, according to Miller, alluding to the poisonous bulbs). Liliaceae. Squill. Wild Hyacinth. Bluebell. Perennial bulbous plants remarkable for easy culture, quick growth and beautiful blue, rose, or white flowers, blooming early in the spring (some in autumn), and therefore desirable plants for the wild-garden, rock-garden, or border; they are very useful in pots for midwinter flowers for window-boxes and for room-decoration; some are stove plants; some of the South African forms have handsome spotted foliage.
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The trade names are considerably confused. Many of the so-called horticultural species and races may be united as mere varieties of species that have been defined botanically. The following names are thought to include all those in the American trade, but other species are known to fanciers.
 
The trade names are considerably confused. Many of the so-called horticultural species and races may be united as mere varieties of species that have been defined botanically. The following names are thought to include all those in the American trade, but other species are known to fanciers.
  
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S. axillaris, C. H. Wright. Of robust habit: lvs. 1 ft. long, 2 1/2 in. broad: raceme many-fld.: perianth-segms. white outside with green keel, bright violet edged with white inside. Hab.(?).—S. cilicica, Siehe. Bulb bluish violet: lvs. 4-8 in. long, about 1/2 in. broad at apex: scape slightly taller than lvs.: pedicels one-half as long as fls.: fls. 2-6, bright blue, often tinged with violet; filaments white, thread-like. Asia Minor. G.C. III. 44:194, desc.
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S. axillaris, C. H. Wright. Of robust habit: lvs. 1 ft. long, 2 1/2 in. broad: raceme many-fld.: perianth-segms. white outside with green keel, bright violet edged with white inside. Hab.(?).—S. cilicica, Siehe. Bulb bluish violet: lvs. 4-8 in. long, about 1/2 in. broad at apex: scape slightly taller than lvs.: pedicels one-half as long as fls.: fls. 2-6, bright blue, often tinged with violet; filaments white, thread-like. Asia Minor. G.C. III. 44:194, desc.{{SCH}}
 
}}
 
}}
  
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:''For the town, see [[Scilla, Italy]]. For the given name, see [[Priscilla]]. For the mythological monster, see [[Scylla]].''
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'''''Scilla''''' ('''squill''') is a [[genus]] of [[Bulb|bulb-forming]] perennial herbs in the [[Hyacinthaceae]].
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{{Taxobox
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| color = lightgreen
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==Cultivation==
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| name = ''Scilla''
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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| image = Scilla siberica0.jpg
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| image_width = 250px
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===Propagation===
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| image_caption = Siberian Squill (''Scilla siberica'')
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
 
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| classis = [[Liliopsida]]
 
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| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
 
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| familia = [[Hyacinthaceae]]
 
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| genus = '''''Scilla'''''
 
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| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
 
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
 
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| subdivision =  
 
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See text.
 
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}}
 
  
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'''''Scilla''''' ('''squill''') is a [[genus]] of [[Bulb|bulb-forming]] perennial herbs in the [[Hyacinthaceae]]. The 90-odd species are found in woodlands, subalpine meadows, and seashores across the Old World. Their [[flower]]s are usually blue, but white, pink, and purple types are known; most flower in early spring, but a few are autumn-flowering.
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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Several [[African]] species previously classified in ''Scilla'' have been removed to the genus ''[[Ledebouria]]''.  The best known of these is the common houseplant still sometimes known as ''Scilla violacea'' but now properly ''Ledebouria socialis''.
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==Species==
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90-odd species{{wp}}. Several [[African]] species previously classified in ''Scilla'' have been removed to the genus ''[[Ledebouria]]''.  The best known of these is the common houseplant still sometimes known as ''Scilla violacea'' but now properly ''Ledebouria socialis''{{wp}}.
  
 
Species include:
 
Species include:
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* ''[[Scilla vindobonensis]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla vindobonensis]]''
  
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''Scilla peruviana'' is of interest for its name; it is a native of southwest [[Europe]], ''not'' of [[Peru]]. The name results from when [[Carolus Linnaeus]] described the species in [[1753]]; he was given specimens imported from [[Spain]] aboard a [[ship]] named ''Peru'', and was misled into thinking the specimens had come from that country. The [[International Code of Botanical Nomenclature|rules of botanical naming]] do not allow a scientific name to be changed merely because it is potentially confusing.
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
  
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===Cultivation and uses===
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<gallery>
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Many species, notably ''S. siberica'', are grown in [[garden]]s for their attractive early spring flowers.
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
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Squill liquid extract, a preparation of powdered squill and [[ethanol]], is used as an ingredient in [[cough medicine]]s and [[Heart#Diseases and treatments|cardiac surgery]].
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==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
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{{commonscat|Scilla}}
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*{{wplink}}
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* [http://www.henriettesherbal.com/eclectic/bpc1911/urginea.html British Pharmaceutical Codex]
 
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* [http://www.henriettesherbal.com/eclectic/kings/urginea-mari.html King's American Dispensatory]
 
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* http://www.plantzafrica.com
 
  
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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[[Category:Hyacinthaceae]]
  
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[[Category:Hyacinthaceae]]
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<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->
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[[Category:Flowers]]
 

Revision as of 01:18, 21 May 2009


Siberian Squill (Scilla siberica)


Plant Characteristics
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Origin: ✈ ?
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ ?"?" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property.
Water: ◍ ?"?" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property.
Scientific Names

Hyacinthaceae >

Scilla >



Read about Scilla in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Scilla (the old Greek name used by Hippocrates: I injure, according to Miller, alluding to the poisonous bulbs). Liliaceae. Squill. Wild Hyacinth. Bluebell. Perennial bulbous plants remarkable for easy culture, quick growth and beautiful blue, rose, or white flowers, blooming early in the spring (some in autumn), and therefore desirable plants for the wild-garden, rock-garden, or border; they are very useful in pots for midwinter flowers for window-boxes and for room-decoration; some are stove plants; some of the South African forms have handsome spotted foliage.

Bulb tunicated, large or small: lvs. radical, 1 to several in number, linear, loriform, lanceolate, oblong or nearly ovate, in Scilla autumnalis appearing after the fls.: scape 1 to several, simple, leafless: fls. in racemes, which are several- to many-fld., open, compact or spicate; bracts small, sometimes minute, hyaline: pedicels short or long, sometimes filiform: fls. small or middle-sized (1 in. across), segms. of perianth distinct, perianth blue, porcelain-blue, rose-colored or whitish, open-rotate, cylindric-campanulate, or open-campanulate, segms. persistent for some time; stamens 6, affixed at base or below the middle of the segms.; anthers ovate or oblong, dehiscing longitudinally, introrse; ovary sessile, stigma small, capitate; ovules 2 in each locule, rarely 8-10, ascending: caps. globose; seeds 1-2 in each cell, rarely more; testa black, appressed; embryo small in albumen. —About 80 species, widely distributed in Eu., Asia, and Afr. in temperate districts. The genus is distinguished from Ornithogalum chiefly by the color of the fls. and deciduous perianth, from Hyacinthus by the segms. distinct from the base or very nearly so. Great Britain possesses 3 species of Scilla, S. verna, S. autumnalis, and S. nonscripta, while Germany has, in addition to S. autumnalis, 3 others, viz., S. amoena, S. bifolia, and S. italica. For S. Fraseri, see Camassia.

Among the early flowers there is none more valuable than the scillas. They vary considerably in form of flower and foliage, and although typically they have blue or blue-purple flowers, most, if not all, of the species in cultivation have white and red-purple forms. S. sibirica and S. bifolia are the earliest to flower, and of these forms the Asia Minor or Taurian kinds are in advance. The form of S. sibirica known as multiflora is nearly past before the usual type begins to expand. There is also sometimes cultivated in the garden a pleasing white scilla, with hyacinth-like flowers, known to the trade as S. amoena. But these white forms are mostly oddities; the effective ones are the blue-flowering kinds. Occasional hybrids between scillas and chionodoxas are met with (see page 749). Chionoscilla Alleni is the accepted name for a natural hybrid between Chionodoxa Luciliae and Scilla bifolia, first obtained by Mr. Allen, of England, in 1891.

None of the hardy squills requires special culture, and if planted where they can remain undisturbed for a series of years, they seldom disappoint one if the soil is occasionally enriched by top-dressings of manure. The writer has grown them distributed in the grass of the lawn for a number of years with considerable success. The bulbs should be planted as early as possible in autumn. The varieties may be increased by offsets taken after the foliage has matured. For the cool greenhouse or conservatory, many of the scillas are ideal subjects. For this culture, five or six bulbs may be put in a 5-inch pot and the vessel afterward transferred to a coldframe and covered until growth commences. Up to this period very little water will be required, but as the flower-cluster appears the quantity should be increased and the pots transferred to the greenhouse, giving them a position near the glass. The foliage matured, the bulbs may be shaken out of the soil and stored. More attention should be paid to the propagation of the scillas by commercial dealers, for these bulbs should become one of the features of the wild-garden in early spring.

The Urginea Scilla, sometimes called Scilla maritima, needs to be mentioned in this connection on account of its yielding a medicine for many centuries held in esteem. Almost everyone is familiar with sirup of squills, and has obtained relief from its use in severe colds. The scales of the bulb contain mucilage, sinistrin, sugar, and crystals of calcium oxalate (stated by botanists to ward off snails); the active principles are scillipicrin, scillitoxin, and scillin (the latter producing numbness, vomiting, and the like). Scilla bulbs or roots should never be used unless under proper direction, as in their fresh state they are extremely acrid, and might prove dangerous.

The trade names are considerably confused. Many of the so-called horticultural species and races may be united as mere varieties of species that have been defined botanically. The following names are thought to include all those in the American trade, but other species are known to fanciers.

S. axillaris, C. H. Wright. Of robust habit: lvs. 1 ft. long, 2 1/2 in. broad: raceme many-fld.: perianth-segms. white outside with green keel, bright violet edged with white inside. Hab.(?).—S. cilicica, Siehe. Bulb bluish violet: lvs. 4-8 in. long, about 1/2 in. broad at apex: scape slightly taller than lvs.: pedicels one-half as long as fls.: fls. 2-6, bright blue, often tinged with violet; filaments white, thread-like. Asia Minor. G.C. III. 44:194, desc.CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Scilla (squill) is a genus of bulb-forming perennial herbs in the Hyacinthaceae.

Cultivation

Do you have cultivation info on this plant? Edit this section!

Propagation

Do you have propagation info on this plant? Edit this section!

Pests and diseases

Do you have pest and disease info on this plant? Edit this section!

Species

90-odd specieswp. Several African species previously classified in Scilla have been removed to the genus Ledebouria. The best known of these is the common houseplant still sometimes known as Scilla violacea but now properly Ledebouria socialiswp.

Species include:

Gallery

If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links


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