Difference between revisions of "White Ash"

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''Fraxinus americana''
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| common_names = White Ash, Cane Ash
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| growth_habit = tree
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| high = 35 m (115 ft){{wp}}
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = Fraxinus americana.jpg
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption =    <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = Lamiales
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| familia = Oleaceae
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| genus = Fraxinus
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| species = americana
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}}
 
{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Fraxinus americana, Linn. (F. novae-angliae, Mill. F. alba, Marsh.). White Ash. Fig. 1575. Tall tree, to 120 ft.: branchlets and petioles glabrous: lfts. generally 7, stalked, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, entire or denticulate, dark green above, glaucous beneath, 3-5 in. long: fr. linear- oblong, with terete body, the wing not decurrent, 1 ½ in. long. From Canada to Fla., west to Minn, and Texas. S.S. 6:268. Em. 377. G.F. 7:405. F.E. 23:427.—Very variable. Var. acuminata, Wesm. (F. acuminata, Lam. F. epiptera, Michx. F. americana var. glauca, Hort.). Lfts. dark green and shining above, very glaucous and almost glabrous beneath, usually entire. Var. juglandifolia, Rehd. (F. juglandifolia, Lam.). Lfts. less shining above, usually broader, more or less pubescent beneath, serrate at least above the middle. This is the northern form, while the former is more common in the southern states. Var. iodocarpa, Fern. Frs. conspicuous by their reddish purple color. Var. albo-marginata, Hort. Lfts. edged white.
 
Fraxinus americana, Linn. (F. novae-angliae, Mill. F. alba, Marsh.). White Ash. Fig. 1575. Tall tree, to 120 ft.: branchlets and petioles glabrous: lfts. generally 7, stalked, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, entire or denticulate, dark green above, glaucous beneath, 3-5 in. long: fr. linear- oblong, with terete body, the wing not decurrent, 1 ½ in. long. From Canada to Fla., west to Minn, and Texas. S.S. 6:268. Em. 377. G.F. 7:405. F.E. 23:427.—Very variable. Var. acuminata, Wesm. (F. acuminata, Lam. F. epiptera, Michx. F. americana var. glauca, Hort.). Lfts. dark green and shining above, very glaucous and almost glabrous beneath, usually entire. Var. juglandifolia, Rehd. (F. juglandifolia, Lam.). Lfts. less shining above, usually broader, more or less pubescent beneath, serrate at least above the middle. This is the northern form, while the former is more common in the southern states. Var. iodocarpa, Fern. Frs. conspicuous by their reddish purple color. Var. albo-marginata, Hort. Lfts. edged white.
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{{SCH}}
 
}}
 
}}
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{{Taxobox
 
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| color = lightgreen
 
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| name = White Ash
 
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| image = Fraxinus americana.jpg
 
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| image_width = 240px
 
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
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| divisio = [[flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
 
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| classis = [[dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
 
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| ordo = [[Lamiales]]
 
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| familia = [[Oleaceae]]
 
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| genus = ''[[Ash tree|Fraxinus]]''
 
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| species = '''''F. americana'''''
 
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| binomial = ''Fraxinus americana''
 
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| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
 
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}}
 
  
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The '''White Ash''' or '''Cane Ash''' (''Fraxinus americana'') is one of the largest of the ash genus ''[[Fraxinus]]'', growing to 35 m (115 ft) tall. It is native to eastern [[North America]]n [[hardwood]] [[forest]]s, found in mesophytic forests from [[Quebec]] to northern [[Florida]]. The wood is white, strong, and straight-grained. The name ''White Ash'' apparently derives from the glaucous undersides of the leaves. The [[leaf|leaves]] are 20-30 cm long, pinnately compound with 7 (occasionally 5 or 9) leaflets, 6-13 cm (2-5 in) long. They turn yellow, red, or purple in the fall. [[Cultivars]], which have superior fall color, include 'Autumn Applause' and 'Autumn Purple'.
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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This tree, like all ashes, is [[dioecious]], with male and female flowers being born on separate trees. Flowering occurs in early spring after 30-55 [[growing degree day]]s. The fruit when fully formed is a [[samara (fruit)|samara]] 3-5 cm long, the seed 1.5-2 cm long with a pale brown wing 1.5-3 cm long, and can be blown a good distance from the parent tree.
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
  
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White ash trees have an average natural lifespan of 100 years. 
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==Species==
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<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
  
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It is the timber of choice for production of [[baseball]] bats and tool handles. The wood is also favorable for furniture and flooring.
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery -->
  
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The White Ash is  similar in appearance to the [[Green Ash]], making identification difficult. The lower sides of the leaves of White Ash are lighter-colored than their upper sides, and the outer surface of the twigs of White Ash may be flaky or peeling. Green Ash leaves are similar in color on upper and lower sides, and twigs are smoother. Also, these species tend to occupy different habitat niches, with White Ash found in moist upland sites and Green Ash in wet forests of floodplains or swamps, although there is some overlap in habitat distribution.
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
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==See also==
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==References==
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* [[Trees of Canada]]
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
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*[http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/fram2.htm ''Fraxinus americana'' images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu]
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*{{wplink}}
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*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=FRAM2 NRCS: USDA Plants Profie: ''Fraxinus americana'']
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
  
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[[Category:Oleaceae|Ash, White]]
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<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->
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[[Category:Trees of Eastern United States|Ash, White]]
 
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[[Category:Trees of Eastern Canada|Ash, White]]
 
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[[Category:Trees of Plains-Midwest U.S.|Ash, White]]
 
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[[Category:Trees of Northern Florida|Ash, White]]
 
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[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
 

Revision as of 01:00, 19 August 2009


Fraxinus americana.jpg


Plant Characteristics
Origin: ✈ ?
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ ?"?" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property.
Water: ◍ ?"?" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property.
Scientific Names

Oleaceae >

Fraxinus >

americana >



Read about White Ash in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Fraxinus americana, Linn. (F. novae-angliae, Mill. F. alba, Marsh.). White Ash. Fig. 1575. Tall tree, to 120 ft.: branchlets and petioles glabrous: lfts. generally 7, stalked, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, entire or denticulate, dark green above, glaucous beneath, 3-5 in. long: fr. linear- oblong, with terete body, the wing not decurrent, 1 ½ in. long. From Canada to Fla., west to Minn, and Texas. S.S. 6:268. Em. 377. G.F. 7:405. F.E. 23:427.—Very variable. Var. acuminata, Wesm. (F. acuminata, Lam. F. epiptera, Michx. F. americana var. glauca, Hort.). Lfts. dark green and shining above, very glaucous and almost glabrous beneath, usually entire. Var. juglandifolia, Rehd. (F. juglandifolia, Lam.). Lfts. less shining above, usually broader, more or less pubescent beneath, serrate at least above the middle. This is the northern form, while the former is more common in the southern states. Var. iodocarpa, Fern. Frs. conspicuous by their reddish purple color. Var. albo-marginata, Hort. Lfts. edged white. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

Gallery

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  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links


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