Difference between revisions of "Rosa gallica"

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|familia=Rosaceae
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|genus=Rosa
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|species=gallica
 
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|Temp Metric=°F
 
|jumpin=This is the plant information box - for information on light; water; zones; height; etc. If it is mostly empty you can help grow this page by clicking on the edit tab and filling in the blanks!
 
|jumpin=This is the plant information box - for information on light; water; zones; height; etc. If it is mostly empty you can help grow this page by clicking on the edit tab and filling in the blanks!
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|image=Wild Rosa gallica Romania.jpg
 
|image_width=240
 
|image_width=240
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|image_caption=wild ''Rosa gallica'' in Romania
 
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'''''Rosa gallica''''', ('''Gallic Rose''', '''French Rose''', or '''Rose of Provence''') is a species of [[rose]] native to southern and central [[Europe]] eastwards to the [[Caucasus]].
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It is a [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] forming large patches up to two metres tall, the stems with prickles and glandular bristles. The [[leaf|leaves]] are pinnate, with three to seven bluish-green leaflets. The [[flower]]s are clustered one to four together, single with five petals, fragrant, deep pink. The [[rose hip|hips]] are globose to ovoid, 10-13 mm diameter, orange to brownish.
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{{Inc|
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Rosa gallica, Linn. Upright shrub, with creeping root- stock, rarely attaining 5 ft. high: sts. usually densely covered with prickles and bristles: lfts. 3-5, leathery, broadly oval or ovate, rounded at base, usually doubly serrate with glandular teeth, rugose above, pubescent beneath, deflexed, 1-2 in. long; rachis glandular-pubescent and often prickly: fls. on rather stout, upright, glandular-hispid and bristly pedicels, deep pink to crimson, 2-3 in. across; receptacle glandular-hispid: fr. subglobose or turbinate, brick-red. June. Cent, and S. Eu., W. Asia. G.W.H. 1:89.—The following are the most important forms: Var. Agatha, Thory. With rather small, very double purple fls., the outer petals spreading, the inner ones concave. Red. Roe. (2:17, 17- 21). Var. incarnate, Rehd.( R. incarnata, Boreau, not Mill.). Lite, narrower, elliptic-ovate to elliptic-oblong: rachis not prickly; flowering branches unarmed: fls. large, pale crimson, solitary: fr. ovoid. B.M. 7035. Var. macrantha, Hort., similar to the preceding, but fls. pale pink, finally white. Gn. 52:464. G. 29:417. R.H. 1901:548. Var. officinalis, Thory (A. provinciales, Mill. Var. plena.. Regel), is like the typical form but with double fls. W.R. 121.
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Rosa gallica, Linn. Upright shrub, with creeping root- stock, rarely attaining 5 ft. high: sts. usually densely covered with prickles and bristles: lfts. 3-5, leathery, broadly oval or ovate, rounded at base, usually doubly serrate with glandular teeth, rugose above, pubescent beneath, deflexed, 1-2 in. long; rachis glandular-pubescent and often prickly: fls. on rather stout, upright, glandular-hispid and bristly pedicels, deep pink to crimson, 2-3 in. across; receptacle glandular-hispid: fr. subglobose or turbinate, brick-red. June. Cent, and S. Eu., W. Asia.—The following are the most important forms: Var. Agatha, Thory. With rather small, very double purple fls., the outer petals spreading, the inner ones concave. Var. incarnate, Rehd.( R. incarnata, Boreau, not Mill.). Lite, narrower, elliptic-ovate to elliptic-oblong: rachis not prickly; flowering branches unarmed: fls. large, pale crimson, solitary: fr. ovoid. Var. macrantha, Hort., similar to the preceding, but fls. pale pink, finally white. Var. officinalis, Thory (A. provinciales, Mill. Var. plena.. Regel), is like the typical form but with double fls.
  
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Var. versicolor, Thory. Rosa Mundi; also York And Lancaster Rose. Petals striped white and red. W.R. 110. Red. Ros. (2:16, 12). Var. purnila, Braun (?. austríaca, Crantz). Dwarf form, with creeping root- stock: fls. red, single. Red. Ros. (2:17, 2).
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Var. versicolor, Thory. Rosa Mundi; also York And Lancaster Rose. Petals striped white and red. Var. purnila, Braun (?. austríaca, Crantz). Dwarf form, with creeping root- stock: fls. red, single.
 
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{{Taxobox
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==Cultivation==
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| color = lightgreen
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The species is easily cultivated on well drained soil in full sun to semishade; it can survive temperatures down to −25 °C. It is one of the earliest cultivated species of roses, being cultivated by the Greek and Romans and it was commonly used in Mediaeval gardens. In the [[19th century]] it was the most important species of rose to be cultivated, and most modern European rose [[cultivar]]s have at least a small contribution from ''R. gallica'' in their ancestry.
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| name = ''Rosa gallica''
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| image = Wild Rosa gallica Romania.jpg
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===Propagation===
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| image_width = 240px
 
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| image_caption = wild ''Rosa gallica'' in Romania
 
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
 
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
 
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| ordo = [[Rosales]]
 
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| familia = [[Rosaceae]]
 
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| subfamilia = [[Rosoideae]]
 
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| genus = ''[[Rosa]]''
 
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| species = '''''R. gallica'''''
 
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| binomial = ''Rosa gallica''
 
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| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
 
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}}
 
  
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'''''Rosa gallica''''', ('''Gallic Rose''', '''French Rose''', or '''Rose of Provence''') is a species of [[rose]] native to southern and central [[Europe]] eastwards to [[Turkey]] and the [[Caucasus]].
 
  
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It is a [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] forming large patches up to two metres tall, the stems with prickles and glandular bristles. The [[leaf|leaves]] are pinnate, with three to seven bluish-green leaflets. The [[flower]]s are clustered one to four together, single with five petals, fragrant, deep pink. The [[rose hip|hips]] are globose to ovoid, 10-13 mm diameter, orange to brownish.
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===Pests and diseases===
  
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==Cultivation==
 
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The species is easily cultivated on well drained soil in full sun to semishade; it can survive temperatures down to −25 °C. It is one of the earliest cultivated species of roses, being cultivated by the Greek and Romans and it was commonly used in Mediaeval gardens. In the [[19th century]] it was the most important species of rose to be cultivated, and most modern European rose [[cultivar]]s have at least a small contribution from ''R. gallica'' in their ancestry.
 
  
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==Varieties==
 
Cultivars of the species ''R. gallica'' and hybrids close in appearance are best referred to a [[Cultivar Group]] as the Gallica Group roses. The ancestry is usually unknown and the influence of other species can not be ruled out.
 
Cultivars of the species ''R. gallica'' and hybrids close in appearance are best referred to a [[Cultivar Group]] as the Gallica Group roses. The ancestry is usually unknown and the influence of other species can not be ruled out.
  
 
The Gallica Group roses share the vegetative characters of the species, forming low suckering shrubs. The flowers can be single, but most commonly double or semidouble. The colours range from white (rare) to pink and deep purple. All Gallica Group roses are once flowering. They are easily cultivated.
 
The Gallica Group roses share the vegetative characters of the species, forming low suckering shrubs. The flowers can be single, but most commonly double or semidouble. The colours range from white (rare) to pink and deep purple. All Gallica Group roses are once flowering. They are easily cultivated.
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The semidouble cultivar 'Officinalis', the "[[Red Rose of Lancaster]]", is the [[county flower]] of [[Lancashire]].
 
  
 
In [[2004]], a cultivar of the Gallica Group named 'Cardinal de Richelieu' was [[genetic engineering|genetically engineered]] to produce the first [[blue rose]].
 
In [[2004]], a cultivar of the Gallica Group named 'Cardinal de Richelieu' was [[genetic engineering|genetically engineered]] to produce the first [[blue rose]].
  
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== References ==
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==Gallery==
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*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Rosa&SPECIES_XREF=gallica&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Rosa gallica'']
 
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*Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan.
 
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*[http://www.physorg.com/news3581.html Article on the use of RNAi technology to produce a blue rose]
 
  
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<gallery>
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<gallery perrow=5>
 
Image:RosaGallicaAlainBlanchard1UME.jpg|'Alain Blanchard' (Vibert 1839)
 
Image:RosaGallicaAlainBlanchard1UME.jpg|'Alain Blanchard' (Vibert 1839)
 
Image:RosaGallicaOrnamentDeLaNature1UME.jpg|'Ornament de la Nature' (Toutain 1826)
 
Image:RosaGallicaOrnamentDeLaNature1UME.jpg|'Ornament de la Nature' (Toutain 1826)
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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[[Category:Roses]]
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==References==
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<references/>
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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{{stub}}
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__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 01:49, 29 December 2009


wild Rosa gallica in Romania


Plant Characteristics
Cultivation
Scientific Names

Rosaceae >

Rosa >

gallica >


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Rosa gallica, (Gallic Rose, French Rose, or Rose of Provence) is a species of rose native to southern and central Europe eastwards to the Caucasus.

It is a deciduous shrub forming large patches up to two metres tall, the stems with prickles and glandular bristles. The leaves are pinnate, with three to seven bluish-green leaflets. The flowers are clustered one to four together, single with five petals, fragrant, deep pink. The hips are globose to ovoid, 10-13 mm diameter, orange to brownish.


Read about Rosa gallica in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Rosa gallica, Linn. Upright shrub, with creeping root- stock, rarely attaining 5 ft. high: sts. usually densely covered with prickles and bristles: lfts. 3-5, leathery, broadly oval or ovate, rounded at base, usually doubly serrate with glandular teeth, rugose above, pubescent beneath, deflexed, 1-2 in. long; rachis glandular-pubescent and often prickly: fls. on rather stout, upright, glandular-hispid and bristly pedicels, deep pink to crimson, 2-3 in. across; receptacle glandular-hispid: fr. subglobose or turbinate, brick-red. June. Cent, and S. Eu., W. Asia.—The following are the most important forms: Var. Agatha, Thory. With rather small, very double purple fls., the outer petals spreading, the inner ones concave. Var. incarnate, Rehd.( R. incarnata, Boreau, not Mill.). Lite, narrower, elliptic-ovate to elliptic-oblong: rachis not prickly; flowering branches unarmed: fls. large, pale crimson, solitary: fr. ovoid. Var. macrantha, Hort., similar to the preceding, but fls. pale pink, finally white. Var. officinalis, Thory (A. provinciales, Mill. Var. plena.. Regel), is like the typical form but with double fls.

Var. versicolor, Thory. Rosa Mundi; also York And Lancaster Rose. Petals striped white and red. Var. purnila, Braun (?. austríaca, Crantz). Dwarf form, with creeping root- stock: fls. red, single.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

The species is easily cultivated on well drained soil in full sun to semishade; it can survive temperatures down to −25 °C. It is one of the earliest cultivated species of roses, being cultivated by the Greek and Romans and it was commonly used in Mediaeval gardens. In the 19th century it was the most important species of rose to be cultivated, and most modern European rose cultivars have at least a small contribution from R. gallica in their ancestry.

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Varieties

Cultivars of the species R. gallica and hybrids close in appearance are best referred to a Cultivar Group as the Gallica Group roses. The ancestry is usually unknown and the influence of other species can not be ruled out.

The Gallica Group roses share the vegetative characters of the species, forming low suckering shrubs. The flowers can be single, but most commonly double or semidouble. The colours range from white (rare) to pink and deep purple. All Gallica Group roses are once flowering. They are easily cultivated.

In 2004, a cultivar of the Gallica Group named 'Cardinal de Richelieu' was genetically engineered to produce the first blue rose.

Gallery

  • 'Alain Blanchard' (Vibert 1839)

  • 'Ornament de la Nature' (Toutain 1826)

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links


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