Abelia

Plant Characteristics

Lifespan:	⌛	perennial

Cultivation

Exposure:	☼	Sun"Sun" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property., light shade"light shade" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property.
Water:	◍	regular"regular" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property.
Features:	✓	Evergreen or decidious"Evergreen or decidious" is not in the list (evergreen, deciduous, flowers, fragrance, edible, fruit, naturalizes, invasive, foliage, birds, ...) of allowed values for the "Features" property.
Sunset Zones:		vary by species

Scientific Names

Abelia is a genus of about 15-30 species and many hybrids in the honeysuckle family Caprifoliaceae.

Abelias are shrubs from 1-6 m tall, native to eastern Asia (Japan west to the Himalaya) and southern North America (Mexico); the species from warm climates are evergreen, and colder climate species deciduous. Graceful, arching branches which are densely clothed with oval, usually glossy leaves 1/2 to 1-1/2 in. long; having bronzy new growth. The leaves are opposite or in whorls of three, ovate, glossy, dark green, 1.5-8 cm long, turning purplish-bronze to red in autumn in the deciduous species. The flowers appear in the upper leaf axils and stem ends, 1-8 together in a short cyme; they are pendulous, white to pink, bell-shaped with a five-lobed corolla, 1-5 cm long, and usually scented. Tubular or bell-shaped flowers come in clusters at ends of branches or among leaves. Flowering continues over a long and continuous late spring to fall period. The small, plentiful blossoms are enough to be showy, mostly during summer to early fall. After blooms drop, they usually leave purplish or copper-colored sepals that give color into the fall.

Abelia is a genus of about 15-30 species and many hybrids in the honeysuckle family Caprifoliaceae, in the part of that family split off by some authors in the segregate family Linnaeaceae. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group considers Linnaeaceae to encompass such genera as Linnaea, Abelia, Dipelta, Kolkwitzia, and Zabelia. Named after Dr Clarke Abel, a British physician and plant collector.

Selected species

Abelia aitchinsonii Abelia biflora - (China) Abelia buddleioides - (China) Abelia chinensis - (China) Abelia coriacea - (Mexico) Abelia corymbosa - (Central Asia) Abelia curviflora - (Japan) Abelia davidii Abelia dielsii - (China) Abelia Edward Goucher Abelia engleriana - (Sichuan, China) Abelia fargesii - (Japan) Abelia floribunda - Mexican Abelia (Mexico) Abelia forrestii - (China) Abelia integrifolia - (Japan)

Abelia ionostachya - (Japan) Abelia macrotera - (China) Abelia mexicana - (Mexico) Abelia mosanensis - (Korea) Abelia occidentalis - (Mexico) Abelia parvifolia - (China) Abelia schumannii - (China) Abelia serrata - (Japan) Abelia shikokiana] Abelia spathulata - (Japan) Abelia speciosa - (Mexico) Abelia tomentosa - (Japan) Abelia taihyonii - (Korea) Abelia triflora - (Himalaya) Abelia umbellata - (Sichuan, China)

Hybrids

• Abelia x grandiflora Hort. ex. Bailey, hybrid of 2 parents from China

Cultivation

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Abelias are popular garden shrubs. The most widely grown is the hybrid Abelia x grandiflora (Glossy Abelia; hybrid Abelia chinensis x Abelia uniflora). This is a rounded, spreading, multi-stemmed shrub with gracefully arching branches to 1-1.8 m tall, with ovate, glossy, dark green semi-evergreen leaves to 2-6 cm long, and clusters of white-tinged-pink, bell-shaped flowers to 2 cm long.

Plant in well-drained, moderately fertile soil, in a sun. Moderate frost hardiness, prune selectively in winter to keep the shrub's graceful form, removing some of the basal shoots to make room for new growth, plus the cane ends. Take care to preserve the plant's naturally arching habit. Don't shear, the more stems you cut to the ground in winter or early spring, the more open and arching next year's growth will be.

Propagation

Soft-tip cuttings in spring to summer, or half-hardened cuttings in late autumn to winter.

Uses

Abelia species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species - see list of Lepidoptera which feed on Abelia.

Abelias are adaptable in the garden, useful in shrub borders, as space dividers and visual barriers, and near house walls; lower kinds are good bank or ground covers.

References and external links

• Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608
• Barnes, P. 2001. Looking at Abelias. New Plantsman 8(2): 78-92 (clarification of nomenclature, history, and cultivars with an excellent key and photographs).
• Flora of China: Abeila species list
• Germplasm Resources Information Network: Abeila
• Mexican Abelia
• Abelia page
• Two new species of Abelia