Chrysanthemum

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Revision as of 06:23, 29 January 2009 by Raffi (talk | contribs) (Rubellum group)
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Maroon Mum


Plant Characteristics
Lifespan: perennial
Origin: Asia, NE Europe
Cultivation
Exposure: full sun"full sun" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property.
Water: regular"regular" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property.
Features: flowers
Sunset Zones: see species
Scientific Names

Asteraceae >

Chrysanthemum >


There are about 160 species of Chrysanthemum, so the genus is very broad. Most of the ones we know are of the species C. morifolium, better known as Florists' Chrysanthemum. These bloom in autumn, are the most useful, with a rainbow of colors and flower forms, as well as growth habits. The flowers are good cut flowers as well. The Shasta Daisy (C. maximum) is another popular species that is a heavy summer and fall bloom of white flowers with gold centers, with varying flower forms. The number of cultivars is probably countless, and growing quickly. The following is a general breakout of the many types into groupings which will simplify how to care for them.

The species of Chrysanthemum are herbaceous perennial plants, with deeply lobed leaves and large flowerheads, white, yellow or pink in the wild species.

Garden Chrysanthemums

Cultivated chrysanthemums can be yellow, white, or even bright red, such as these.

These have a bushy, branched habit. Clusters of flowerheads come in a large variety of colors. They are divided into two loose categories, garden types, which tend to the upright, and cushion, which is more of a mound. Flowers come over a long period, usually during early or midseason They are suitable for annual or herbaceous borders. C. segetum works well in wildflower gardens as well.

Exhibition Chrysanthemums

Disbudded

Non-disbudded

Rubellum Group Chrysanthemums

Perennials. Bushy and clumping. All are hybrids of C. rubellum (syn. Dendranthema zawadskii). Leaves are pinnatisect, frequently silvery. Flowerheads come in a range of colors, all with a yellow center. They may be single, semi-double or double. Flowers from late summer to early fall. Great as cut flowers, and in herbaceous borders.

Species

The genus once included many more species, but has been split. The defining species, Chrysanthemum indicum, was also changed, then changed back after much controversy thereby restoring the economically important florist's chrysanthemum to the genus Chrysanthemum. These species were, after the splitting of the genus but before the ICBN ruling, commonly treated under the genus name Dendranthema.

The other species previously treated in the narrow view of the genus Chrysanthemum are now transferred to the genus Glebionis. The other genera split off from Chrysanthemum include Argyranthemum, Leucanthemopsis, Leucanthemum, Rhodanthemum, and Tanacetum.

About 160 species, including:

Sortable table
Latin Synonyms Common names USDA Zones Sunset Zones
Chrysanthemum aphrodite x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum arcticum Arctanthemum arcticum none 0 1-24, 32-45
Chrysanthemum argyrophyllum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum arisanense x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum balsamita Tanacetum balsamita Costmary 0 2-24, 28-41
Chrysanthemum boreale x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum chalchingolicum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum carinatum x Summer Chrys., Tricolor Chrys. 0 All zones
Chrysanthemum chanetii x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum coccineum Pyrethrum roseum, Tanacetum coccineum Pyrethrum, Painted daisy 0 2-24, 33-41
Chrysanthemum coronarium x Crown daisy 0 All zones
Chrysanthemum crassum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum frutescens Argyranthemum frutescens Marguerite, Paris Daisy 0 14-24, 26, 28
Chrysanthemum glabriusculum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum hypargyrum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum indicum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum japonense x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum japonicum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Leucanthemum vulgare Ox-eye Daisy, Common Daisy 0 1-24, 28-43
Chrysanthemum mawii x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum maximowiczii x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum maximum C. superbum, Leucanthemum maximum Shasta Daisy 0 1-24, 26, 28-43
Chrysanthemum mongolicum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum morifolium Dendranthema grandiflorum Florists' Chrysanthemum 0 2-24, 26, 28-41
Chrysanthemum morii x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum multicaule Nipponanthemum nipponicum none 0 2-24, 29-41
Chrysanthemum okiense x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum oreastrum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum ornatum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum pacificum Pyrethrum marginatum, Dendranthema pacificum Gold and Silver Chrys. 0 2-24, 28-41
Chrysanthemum paludosum Leucanthemum paludosum none 0 All (annual)
Chrysanthemum parthenium Tanacetum parthenium Feverfew 0 1-24, 28-45
Chrysanthemum potentilloides x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum ptarmiciflorum Tanacetum ptarmiciflorum Dusty Miller, Silver Lace 0 16, 17, 19-24 (all as annual)
Chrysanthemum rubellum Dendranthema zawadskii none 0 1-24, 28-43
Chrysanthemum segetum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum serotinum C. uliginosum none 0 2-9, 14, 28-43
Chrysanthemum shiwogiku x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum sinuatum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum vestitum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum weyrichii Dendranthema weyrichii none 0 2-6, 32, 34-41
Chrysanthemum yoshinaganthum x none 0 na
Chrysanthemum zawadskii x none 0 na

Pests and diseases

Chrysanthemum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species — see list of Lepidoptera which feed on Chrysanthemum.

Gallery

References

External links