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==H==
==H==
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Habit. The looks, appearance, general style or mode of growth; as an upright, open, decumbent or strict habit.
''[[Habit]]''. The looks, appearance, general style or mode of growth; as an upright, open, decumbent or strict habit.
Habitat. Particular place in which a plant grows; as a swamp, roadside, lawn, woods, ballast-heap, hillside.
''[[Habitat]]''. Particular place in which a plant grows; as a swamp, roadside, lawn, woods, ballast-heap, hillside.
Hairs. A general name for many kinds of small and slender outgrowths on the parts of plants; special kinds of hairiness are designated as setose, villous, comose, pubescent, hirsute, and others.
''[[Hairs]]''. A general name for many kinds of small and slender outgrowths on the parts of plants; special kinds of hairiness are designated as setose, villous, comose, pubescent, hirsute, and others.
Halberd-shaped. Hastate.
''[[Halberd-shaped]]''. Hastate.
Hamate. Hooked.
''[[Hamate]]''. Hooked.
Hastate. Of the shape of an arrow-head but the basal lobes pointed or narrow and standing nearly or quite at right angles; halberd-shaped.
''[[Hastate]]''. Of the shape of an arrow-head but the basal lobes pointed or narrow and standing nearly or quite at right angles; halberd-shaped.
Haulm. Straw-like stems, as of the cereal grains; sometimes also applied to the stems of palms; usually a collective noun.
''[[Haulm]]''. Straw-like stems, as of the cereal grains; sometimes also applied to the stems of palms; usually a collective noun.
Head. A short dense spike; capitulum.
''[[Head]]''. A short dense spike; capitulum.
Heart-shaped. Cordate; ovate in general outline but with two rounded basal lobes; has reference particularly to the shape of the base of a leaf or other expanded part.
''[[Heart-shaped]]''. Cordate; ovate in general outline but with two rounded basal lobes; has reference particularly to the shape of the base of a leaf or other expanded part.
Heel. An enlarged or more or less transverse part on the lower end of a cutting secured from the older or larger branch from which the cutting is taken.
''[[Heel]]''. An enlarged or more or less transverse part on the lower end of a cutting secured from the older or larger branch from which the cutting is taken.
Helicoid. Twisted or coiled in snail-shell form.
''[[Helicoid]]''. Twisted or coiled in snail-shell form.
Heliotropism. The characteristic of turning toward the light.
''[[Heliotropism]]''. The characteristic of turning toward the light.
Hemi- In Greek compounds, signifying half.
''[[Hemi-]]'' In Greek compounds, signifying half.
Hepta- In Greek compounds, signifying seven.
''[[Hepta-]]'' In Greek compounds, signifying seven.
Herb. Naturally dying to the ground; without persistent stem above ground; lacking definite woody firm structure.
''[[Herb]]''. Naturally dying to the ground; without persistent stem above ground; lacking definite woody firm structure.
Herbaceous. Not woody; dying down each year; said also of soft branches before they become woody.
''[[Herbaceous]]''. Not woody; dying down each year; said also of soft branches before they become woody.
Hermaphrodite. Bearing both stamens and pistil in the same flower; two-sexed; bisexual.
''[[Hermaphrodite]]''. Bearing both stamens and pistil in the same flower; two-sexed; bisexual.
Hesperidium. The fruit of the orange-kind.
''[[Hesperidium]]''. The fruit of the orange-kind.
Hetcrocarpous. Various-fruited; with more than one kind or form of fruit.
''[[Hetcrocarpous]]''. Various-fruited; with more than one kind or form of fruit.
Heterogamous. With two or more kinds or forms of flowers.
''[[Heterogamous]]''. With two or more kinds or forms of flowers.
''[[Heteros]]''. In Greek composition, signifying various, or of more than one kind or form; as heterophyllous, with more than one kind or form of leaf.
Hilum. In the seed, the scar or mark indicating the point of attachment.
''[[Hilum]]''. In the seed, the scar or mark indicating the point of attachment.
Hip. Fruit of the rose, being an urn-like or closed receptacle bearing the achenes inside. See Hypanthium.
''[[Hip]]''. Fruit of the rose, being an urn-like or closed receptacle bearing the achenes inside. See Hypanthium.
Hirsute. With rather rough or coarse hairs.
''[[Hirsute]]''. With rather rough or coarse hairs.
Hirtellous. Softly or minutely hirsute or hairy.
''[[Hirtellous]]''. Softly or minutely hirsute or hairy.
Hispid. Provided with stiff or bristly hairs.
''[[Hispid]]''. Provided with stiff or bristly hairs.
Hispidulous. Somewhat or minutely hispid.
''[[Hispidulous]]''. Somewhat or minutely hispid.
Hoary. Covered with a close white or whitish pubescence.
''[[Hoary]]''. Covered with a close white or whitish pubescence.
Homo- In Greek compounds, signifying alike or very similar.
''[[Homo-]]'' In Greek compounds, signifying alike or very similar.
Homocarpous. All the fruits, as of a flower-head, alike.
''[[Homocarpous]]''. All the fruits, as of a flower-head, alike.
Homogamous. Presenting only one kind of flowers.
''[[Homogamous]]''. Presenting only one kind of flowers.
Homologous. Related in origin or morphology. See .', nalogoui.
''[[Homologous]]''. Related in origin or morphology. See .', nalogoui.
Homomorphous. Uniform; all the given parts alike.
''[[Homomorphous]]''. Uniform; all the given parts alike.
Horny. Hard and dense in texture; corneous.
''[[Horny]]''. Hard and dense in texture; corneous.
Hybrid. A plant resulting from a cross between two or more parents that are more or less unlike.
''[[Hybrid]]''. A plant resulting from a cross between two or more parents that are more or less unlike.
Hygroscopic. Capable of absorbing moisture from atmosphere.
''[[Hygroscopic]]''. Capable of absorbing moisture from atmosphere.
Hypanthium. A fruit-like body (as the rose-hip) formed by the enlargement of the torus and bearing the proper fruits on its upper or inner surface; literally "beneath the flower." Now commonly used to denote the cup- shaped receptacle on which calyx, petals and stamens are inserted in cases of pcrigyny, as in plum, fuchsia.
''[[Hypanthium]]''. A fruit-like body (as the rose-hip) formed by the enlargement of the torus and bearing the proper fruits on its upper or inner surface; literally "beneath the flower." Now commonly used to denote the cup- shaped receptacle on which calyx, petals and stamens are inserted in cases of pcrigyny, as in plum, fuchsia.
''[[Hypochil]]''. The lower or basal part of the lip in orchids.
Hypocotyl. That part of the caulicle lying below the cotyledons.
''[[Hypocotyl]]''. That part of the caulicle lying below the cotyledons.
Hypocrateriform. Salver-form; that shape of the flower characterized by a cylindrical tube and a flat-spreading limb, as in phlox.
''[[Hypocrateriform]]''. Salver-form; that shape of the flower characterized by a cylindrical tube and a flat-spreading limb, as in phlox.
Hypogeal. Cotyledons remaining beneath the ground in germination.
''[[Hypogeal]]''. Cotyledons remaining beneath the ground in germination.
Hypogynous. Borne on the torus, or under the ovary; said of the stamens or petals.
''[[Hypogynous]]''. Borne on the torus, or under the ovary; said of the stamens or petals.
==I==
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Immarginate. Without a rim or edge.
''[[Immarginate]]''. Without a rim or edge.
Immersed. Entirely under water.
''[[Immersed]]''. Entirely under water.
Imparipinnate. Unequally pinnate; odd-pinnate; with a single terminal leaflet.
''[[Imparipinnate]]''. Unequally pinnate; odd-pinnate; with a single terminal leaflet.
''[[Imperfect flower]]''. Having either stamens or pistils, but not both.
''[[Implexed]], implexuous''. Entangled, interlaced.
''[[Impregnation]]''. Fecundation or fertilization of the ovule by the pollen; also, the infiltration of substances.
''[[Impressed]]''. Deeply nerved; furrowed or grooved as if by pressure.
''[[Inarching]]''. The grafting together of two plants with the intention that, when they are severed, part of one plant will be growing on the other.
''[[Incanescent]]''. Hoary- or gray-pubescent; canescent.
''[[Incised]]''. Cut; slashed irregularly, more or less deeply and sharply.
''[[Inclining]]''. Looking or falling down from the horizontal.
''[[Included]]''. Not protruded, as stamens not projecting from the corolla.
''[[Incomplete]]''. Lacking some of its parts, as a flower deficient in stamens or calyx.
''[[Incrustate]]''. Crusted; with a hard or firm covering.
''[[Incumbent]] (cotyledons)''. Of a seed so bent over that the back of one cotyledon lies against the radicle.
''[[Indefinite]]''. Very numerous, as above twenty; see Definite.
''[[Indehiscent]]''. Not regularly opening, as a seed-pod or anther.
''[[Indeterminate]]''. Growing on from the apex, particularly of the main axis.
''[[Indigenous]]''. Native to the region; not introduced from some other country.
''[[Indumentum]]''. A covering of hair.
''[[Induplicate]]''. With margins folded inward.
''[[Indurated]]''. Hard, hardened.
''[[Indusium]]''. The little growth covering or surrounding the sorus or fruit-dot in ferns.
''[[Inferior]]''. Beneath, lower, below; as an inferior ovary, one that is below the calyx-leaves.
''[[Inflated]]''. Blown up; bladdery-
''[[Inflorescence]]''. Mode of flower-bearing; technically less correct but much more common in the sense of a flower- cluster.
''[[Infra-]]'' In combinations, signifying below.
''[[Infundibuliform]]''. Funnelfonn.
''[[Innate]]''. Said of an anther when attached by its base to the filament.
''[[Innovation]]''. An offshoot or departure from the axis.
''[[Inserted]]''. Attached; as a stamen growing on the corolla.
''[[Inter-]]''. In composition, signifying between, particularly between closely related parts or organs.
''[[Interfoliaceous]]''. Between the leaves, particularly between two leaves of a pair.
''[[Internode]]''. The part or space of stem between two nodes or joints.
''[[Interrupted]]''. Not continuous; in particular, the interposition of small leaflets or segments between others.
''[[Intorted]]''. Twisted upon or around itself.
''[[Intramarginal]]''. Just within the margin or edge; between the margins.
''[[Introduced]]''. Brought from another region, either intentionally or otherwise; in horticulture, used to designate the intentional bringing of plants into cultivation either from another country or from the wild.
''[[Introrse]]''. Turned or faced inward or toward the axis, as an anther looking toward the center of the flower.
''[[Inverted]]''. Turned over; end-for-end; top-side down.
''[[Involucel]]''. A secondary involucre; small involucre about the parts of a cluster.
''[[Involucre]]''. A whorl of small leaves or bracts standing close underneath a flower or flower-cluster.
''[[Involute]]''. Said of a flat body (as a leaf) rolled inward or toward the upper side. See Revolute.
''[[Irregular flower]]''. Some parts different from other parts in same series.
Irregular flower. Some parts different from other parts in same series.
==J==
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Jointed. With nodes, or points of real or apparent articulation.
''[[Jointed]]''. With nodes, or points of real or apparent articulation.
==K==
==K==
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Keeled. Ridged like the bottom of a boat; also the two front united petals of a papilionaceous flower.
''[[Keeled]]''. Ridged like the bottom of a boat; also the two front united petals of a papilionaceous flower.
Knaur. An excrescence, bur or knot of woody tissue that will grow when removed and used as a cutting.
''[[Knaur]]''. An excrescence, bur or knot of woody tissue that will grow when removed and used as a cutting.
==L==
==L==
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Labellum. Lip, particularly the lip of orchids.
''[[Labellum]]''. Lip, particularly the lip of orchids.
Labiate. Lipped; a member of the Labiatee.
''[[Labiate]]''. Lipped; a member of the Labiatee.
Labyrinthiform. With intricate winding lines or passages.
''[[Labyrinthiform]]''. With intricate winding lines or passages.
Lacerate. Torn; irreguarly cleft or cut.
''[[Lacerate]]''. Torn; irreguarly cleft or cut.
''[[Laciniate]]''. Slashed into narrow pointed lobes.
Lactescent. Containing milk or a milk-like substance.
''[[Lactescent]]''. Containing milk or a milk-like substance.
Lacunose. Having holes or empty places, particularly in the anatomical structure.
''[[Lacunose]]''. Having holes or empty places, particularly in the anatomical structure.
Lamella. A thin flat plate or part.
''[[Lamella]]''. A thin flat plate or part.
Lamina. The blade of a leaf or petal or other expanded part or body.
''[[Lamina]]''. The blade of a leaf or petal or other expanded part or body.
Lanceolate. Lance-shaped; much longer than broad; widening above the. base and tapering to the apex.
''[[Lanceolate]]''. Lance-shaped; much longer than broad; widening above the. base and tapering to the apex.
Lapidose. Found in stony places.
''[[Lapidose]]''. Found in stony places.
Lateral. On or at the side.
''[[Lateral]]''. On or at the side.
Layer, A branch that takes root and gives rise to an independent plant.
''[[Layer]]'', A branch that takes root and gives rise to an independent plant.
Leaflet. One part of a compound leaf; secondary leaf.
''[[Leaflet]]''. One part of a compound leaf; secondary leaf.
Leaf-stalk. The stem of a leaf; petiole; foot-stalk.
''[[Leaf-stalk]]''. The stem of a leaf; petiole; foot-stalk.
Legume. Simple pericarp dehiscing on both sutures; pod.
''[[Legume]]''. Simple pericarp dehiscing on both sutures; pod.
Lemma. In grasses, the flowering glume,—the lower of the two bracts immediately inclosing the flower.
''[[Lemma]]''. In grasses, the flowering glume,—the lower of the two bracts immediately inclosing the flower.
Lenticular. Lentil-shaped; lens-shaped.
''[[Lenticular]]''. Lentil-shaped; lens-shaped.
Lepals. Sterile stamens, particularly those nectaries or scales representing stamens; term little used.
''[[Lepals]]''. Sterile stamens, particularly those nectaries or scales representing stamens; term little used.
Lepidote. Surfaced with small scurfy scales.
''[[Lepidote]]''. Surfaced with small scurfy scales.
Liana, liane. A woody twining or climbing plant entangling a tropical forest.
''[[Liana]], liane''. A woody twining or climbing plant entangling a tropical forest.
Life-history. The sum of the events in the life of a plant.
''[[Life-history]]''. The sum of the events in the life of a plant.
Ligneous. Woody.
''[[Ligneous]]''. Woody.
''[[Ligule]]''. A strap-shaped organ or body; particularly, a strap-shaped corolla, as in the ray-flowers of composites; also a projection from the top of the sheath in grasses and similar plants.
Limb. The expanded flat part of an organ; in particular, the expanding part of a gamopetalous corolla.
''[[Limb]]''. The expanded flat part of an organ; in particular, the expanding part of a gamopetalous corolla.
Limbate. Surrounded by an edging of another color; margined with color; also, provided with a limb.
''[[Limbate]]''. Surrounded by an edging of another color; margined with color; also, provided with a limb.
Line. One-twelfth of an inch.
''[[Line]]''. One-twelfth of an inch.
Linear. Long and narrow, the sides parallel or nearly so.
''[[Linear]]''. Long and narrow, the sides parallel or nearly so.
Lineate. Lined; bearing thin parallel lines.
''[[Lineate]]''. Lined; bearing thin parallel lines.
Linguiform. Shaped like a lingula, or with a projecting tongue-like part or process.
''[[Linguiform]]''. Shaped like a lingula, or with a projecting tongue-like part or process.
Lip. One of the parts in an unequally divided corolla or calyx; these parts are usually two, the upper lip and the lower lip, although one lip is sometimes wanting; the upper lip of orchids is by a twist of the stipe made to appear as the lower; a labium.
''[[Lip]]''. One of the parts in an unequally divided corolla or calyx; these parts are usually two, the upper lip and the lower lip, although one lip is sometimes wanting; the upper lip of orchids is by a twist of the stipe made to appear as the lower; a labium.
Lobe. Any part or segment of an organ; specifically a part of petal or calyx or leaf that represents a division to about the middle.
''[[Lobe]]''. Any part or segment of an organ; specifically a part of petal or calyx or leaf that represents a division to about the middle.
Lobule. A small lobe.
''[[Lobule]]''. A small lobe.
Locule. Compartment or cell of a pistil or anther.
''[[Locule]]''. Compartment or cell of a pistil or anther.
''[[Loculicidal]]''. Dehiscence between the partitions into the cavity.
Lodicule. A small scale in a grass flower, between the lemma and stamens.
''[[Lodicule]]''. A small scale in a grass flower, between the lemma and stamens.
''[[Loment]]''. A legume wilh constrictions or articulations.
Lorate. Strap-shaped.
''[[Lorate]]''. Strap-shaped.
''[[Lyrate]]''. Pinnatifid but with an enlarged terminal lobe and smaller lower lobes.
==M==
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Medullary. Relating to the pith; the medullary rays seen in cross-sections of woody trunks radiate from the medulla or pith.
''[[Medullary]]''. Relating to the pith; the medullary rays seen in cross-sections of woody trunks radiate from the medulla or pith.
Meniscoidal. Like a meniscus or disk; with the form of a watch-crystal.
''[[Meniscoidal]]''. Like a meniscus or disk; with the form of a watch-crystal.
Mericarp. The peculiar seed-like fruit of the Umbelliferae.
''[[Mericarp]]''. The peculiar seed-like fruit of the Umbelliferae.
-merous. In composition, referring to the numbers of parts; as flowers 5-merous, in which the parts of each kind or series are five or in fives.
''[[-merous]]''. In composition, referring to the numbers of parts; as flowers 5-merous, in which the parts of each kind or series are five or in fives.
Mesocarp. Middle layer or part of a pericarp; the part between the endocarp and exocarp.
''[[Mesocarp]]''. Middle layer or part of a pericarp; the part between the endocarp and exocarp.
Mesochil. The intermediate or middle part of the lip of orchids when the lip is separated into three parts.
''[[Mesochil]]''. The intermediate or middle part of the lip of orchids when the lip is separated into three parts.
Micropyle. The opening through which impregnation takes place; the point on the seed marking the orifice of the ovule.
''[[Micropyle]]''. The opening through which impregnation takes place; the point on the seed marking the orifice of the ovule.
Midrib. The main rib of a leaf or leaf-like part.
''[[Midrib]]''. The main rib of a leaf or leaf-like part.
Mitriform. Mitre-shaped, or like a cap.
''[[Mitriform]]''. Mitre-shaped, or like a cap.
Monadelphous. Stamens united in one group by their filaments as in many Leguminosse.
''[[Monadelphous]]''. Stamens united in one group by their filaments as in many Leguminosse.
''[[Moniliform]]''. Suggesting a string of beads.
Mono-. In Greek compounds, signifying one.
''[[Mono-]]''. In Greek compounds, signifying one.
''[[Monoclinous]]''. Hermaphrodite; perfect; the two sexes in the same flower. See Diclinous.
Monocotyledonous. With a single cotyledon.
''[[Monocotyledonous]]''. With a single cotyledon.
Monoecious. Staminate and pistillate flowers on same plant.
''[[Monoecious]]''. Staminate and pistillate flowers on same plant.
Monogynous. With only one style.
''[[Monogynous]]''. With only one style.
''[[Monopetalous]]''. One-petaled; all the petals united to form one body or organ, as a gamopetalous corolla.
Monopodiol. Axial direction continued by growth from terminal bud or persistence of the leader.
''[[Monopodiol]]''. Axial direction continued by growth from terminal bud or persistence of the leader.
Monostichous. In one row.
''[[Monostichous]]''. In one row.
Monstrosity. Deformity; any unusual or non-typical kind of development.
''[[Monstrosity]]''. Deformity; any unusual or non-typical kind of development.
Morphology. The science or subject that treats of forms or of the transformations of organs.
''[[Morphology]]''. The science or subject that treats of forms or of the transformations of organs.
Mucose. With a slimy covering or secretion.
''[[Mucose]]''. With a slimy covering or secretion.
Mucro. A short and sharp abrupt tip.
''[[Mucro]]''. A short and sharp abrupt tip.
Mule. An old word for a cross, particularly between different species; hybrid; cross-breed.
''[[Mule]]''. An old word for a cross, particularly between different species; hybrid; cross-breed.
Multifid. Cut or cleft into many narrow lobes or parts.
''[[Multifid]]''. Cut or cleft into many narrow lobes or parts.
Multiple. Of several or many distinct parts.
''[[Multiple]]''. Of several or many distinct parts.
Multiple fruit. The united product (in one body) of several or many flowers.
''[[Multiple fruit]]''. The united product (in one body) of several or many flowers.
''[[Multiseptate]]''. With many divisions or chambers, as some nuts.
Muscariform. In form of a brush or fly-brush.
''[[Muscariform]]''. In form of a brush or fly-brush.
Mycelium. Vegetative part of a fungus, composed of threads or thready tissue.
''[[Mycelium]]''. Vegetative part of a fungus, composed of threads or thready tissue.
==N==
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Naked flower. With no floral envelopes; without calyx and corolla.
''[[Naked flower]]''. With no floral envelopes; without calyx and corolla.
Napiform. Turnip-shaped; more or less short-fusiform; broader than high and abruptly tapering both ways.
''[[Napiform]]''. Turnip-shaped; more or less short-fusiform; broader than high and abruptly tapering both ways.
Navicular. Boat-shaped; cymbiform.
''[[Navicular]]''. Boat-shaped; cymbiform.
Nectariferous. Nectar-bearing.
''[[Nectariferous]]''. Nectar-bearing.
Nectary. A structure or organ that secretes nectar.
''[[Nectary]]''. A structure or organ that secretes nectar.
Nephroid. Kidney-shaped; reniform.
''[[Nephroid]]''. Kidney-shaped; reniform.
Nerve. A vein or slender rib, particularly if not branched.
''[[Nerve]]''. A vein or slender rib, particularly if not branched.
Netted. Marked with reticulated lines or nerves that project somewhat above the surface.
''[[Netted]]''. Marked with reticulated lines or nerves that project somewhat above the surface.
Neuter, neutral. Neither stamens nor pistils; sexless.
''[[Neuter]], neutral''. Neither stamens nor pistils; sexless.
Nidulate. Nested; as if like or borne in a nidus or nest.
''[[Nidulate]]''. Nested; as if like or borne in a nidus or nest.
Node. A joint where a leaf is borne or may be borne; also incorrectly the space between two joints, which is properly an internode.
''[[Node]]''. A joint where a leaf is borne or may be borne; also incorrectly the space between two joints, which is properly an internode.
Nucleus. The kernel of a seed; the central denser structure of a cell.
''[[Nucleus]]''. The kernel of a seed; the central denser structure of a cell.
Nucule. A small nutlet; any hard seed-like fruit or part.
''[[Nucule]]''. A small nutlet; any hard seed-like fruit or part.
Nut. An indehiscent 1-celled and 1-seeded hard and bony fruit, even if resulting from a compound ovary.
''[[Nut]]''. An indehiscent 1-celled and 1-seeded hard and bony fruit, even if resulting from a compound ovary.
Nutlet. A small or diminutive nut; nucule.
''[[Nutlet]]''. A small or diminutive nut; nucule.
==O==
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Ob-. A Latin syllable, usually signifying inversion.
''[[Ob-]]''. A Latin syllable, usually signifying inversion.
Obconical. Inversely conical; cone attached at the small point.
''[[Obconical]]''. Inversely conical; cone attached at the small point.
''[[Oblanceolate]]''. Inversely lanceolate; with the broadest part of a lanceolate body away from the point of attachment.
Oblique. Slanting; unequal-sided.
''[[Oblique]]''. Slanting; unequal-sided.
Oblong. Longer than broad, and with the sides nearly or quite parallel most of their length.
''[[Oblong]]''. Longer than broad, and with the sides nearly or quite parallel most of their length.
''[[Obovate]]''. Inverted ovate.
Obovoid. An ovoid body attached at the smaller end.
''[[Obovoid]]''. An ovoid body attached at the smaller end.
Obsolescent. Nearly obsolete; becoming rudimentary.
''[[Obsolescent]]''. Nearly obsolete; becoming rudimentary.
Obsolete. Not evident or apparent; rudimentary.
''[[Obsolete]]''. Not evident or apparent; rudimentary.
Obtuse. Blunt, rounded.
''[[Obtuse]]''. Blunt, rounded.
''[[Ocellated]]''. Eyed; a circular spot of one color inside a larger spot or area of another color.
Ochraceous. Ochre-yellow, gradually changing to brown.
''[[Ochraceous]]''. Ochre-yellow, gradually changing to brown.
Ocrea. A boot-shaped or tubular stipule, as in Polygonum.
''[[Ocrea]]''. A boot-shaped or tubular stipule, as in Polygonum.
Oculus. An eye; a leaf-bud when used as a cutting.
''[[Oculus]]''. An eye; a leaf-bud when used as a cutting.
Offset. A plant arising close to the base of mother plant.
''[[Offset]]''. A plant arising close to the base of mother plant.
Oleaginous. Fleshy and oily.
''[[Oleaginous]]''. Fleshy and oily.
Oligos. In Greek compounds, signifying few.
''[[Oligos]]''. In Greek compounds, signifying few.
Opaque. Dull; not translucent or shining.
''[[Opaque]]''. Dull; not translucent or shining.
Operculum. A lid, as of a circumscissile capsule.
''[[Operculum]]''. A lid, as of a circumscissile capsule.
Orthos. In Greek compounds, signifying straight.
''[[Orthos]]''. In Greek compounds, signifying straight.
Orthotropous (ovule or seed). An erect straight seed, with the micropyle at the apex and hilum at the base.
''[[Orthotropous]]'' (ovule or seed). An erect straight seed, with the micropyle at the apex and hilum at the base.
Osseous. Bony, hard, brittle; of very close texture.
''[[Osseous]]''. Bony, hard, brittle; of very close texture.
Ovary. Ovule-bearing part of a pistil.
''[[Ovary]]''. Ovule-bearing part of a pistil.
Ovate. With an outline like that of hen's egg cut in two lengthwise, the broader end downward.
''[[Ovate]]''. With an outline like that of hen's egg cut in two lengthwise, the broader end downward.
''[[Ovoid]]''. A solid that is oval in outline.
Ovule. The body which, after fertilization, becomes the seed.
''[[Ovule]]''. The body which, after fertilization, becomes the seed.
Ovuliferous. Ovule-bearing.
''[[Ovuliferous]]''. Ovule-bearing.
==P==
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Painted. Said of colors that are in streaks of unequal brilliancy.
''[[Painted]]''. Said of colors that are in streaks of unequal brilliancy.
Palate. In personate corollas, a rounded projection or prominence of the lower lip, closing the throat or very nearly so.
''[[Palate]]''. In personate corollas, a rounded projection or prominence of the lower lip, closing the throat or very nearly so.
Palea, palet. In the grass flower, the upper of the two inclosing bracts, -the lower one being the lemma.
''[[Palea]], palet''. In the grass flower, the upper of the two inclosing bracts, -the lower one being the lemma.
Palmate. Lobed or divided in a palm-like or hand-like fashion.
''[[Palmate]]''. Lobed or divided in a palm-like or hand-like fashion.
Palmatifid. Cut about half way down in a palmate form.
''[[Palmatifid]]''. Cut about half way down in a palmate form.
Panicle. A branching raceme; flower-cluster in which the branches are racemose, the flowers being pedicellate.
''[[Panicle]]''. A branching raceme; flower-cluster in which the branches are racemose, the flowers being pedicellate.
Papilionaceous corolla. Butterfly-like; pea-like flower, with a standard, wings, and keel.
''[[Papilionaceous corolla]]''. Butterfly-like; pea-like flower, with a standard, wings, and keel.
Pappiform. Pappus-like.
''[[Pappiform]]''. Pappus-like.
Pappus. Peculiar calyx-limb of composites, being plumose, bristle-like, scales, or otherwise.
''[[Pappus]]''. Peculiar calyx-limb of composites, being plumose, bristle-like, scales, or otherwise.
Parasitic. Growing and living on or in another organism.
''[[Parasitic]]''. Growing and living on or in another organism.
Parietal. Borne on the paries or wall (inner surface) of a capsule.
''[[Parietal]]''. Borne on the paries or wall (inner surface) of a capsule.
Parted. Cleft or cut not quite to the base.
''[[Parted]]''. Cleft or cut not quite to the base.
Parthenogenetic. Seed developing without fertilization or fecundation.
''[[Parthenogenetic]]''. Seed developing without fertilization or fecundation.
Partial. Of secondary importance or rank.
''[[Partial]]''. Of secondary importance or rank.
Partite. Divided very nearly to the base.
''[[Partite]]''. Divided very nearly to the base.
Partitioned. Divided in compartments or chambers by internal horizontal partitions.
''[[Partitioned]]''. Divided in compartments or chambers by internal horizontal partitions.
Pathological. Diseased.
''[[Pathological]]''. Diseased.
Pedicel. Stem of one flower in a cluster.
''[[Pedicel]]''. Stem of one flower in a cluster.
Peduncle. Stem of a flower-cluster or of a solitary flower.
''[[Peduncle]]''. Stem of a flower-cluster or of a solitary flower.
Pellucid. Clear, transparent; that can nearly be seen through.
''[[Pellucid]]''. Clear, transparent; that can nearly be seen through.
Peltate. Attached to its stalk inside the margin; peltate leaves are usually shield-shaped.
''[[Peltate]]''. Attached to its stalk inside the margin; peltate leaves are usually shield-shaped.
Penninerved. Nerves arising along the length of a central midrib.
''[[Penninerved]]''. Nerves arising along the length of a central midrib.
Pentamerous. In fives.
''[[Pentamerous]]''. In fives.
Pepo. Fruit of pumpkin, squash, and the like.
''[[Pepo]]''. Fruit of pumpkin, squash, and the like.
Perennial. Of three or more seasons' duration.
''[[Perennial]]''. Of three or more seasons' duration.
Perfect flower. One that has both stamens and pistil.
''[[Perfect flower]]''. One that has both stamens and pistil.
Perfoliate. The stem apparently passing through the part, as a leaf; united around the stem.
''[[Perfoliate]]''. The stem apparently passing through the part, as a leaf; united around the stem.
Pergameneous, pergamentaceous. Texture of parchment.
''[[Pergameneous]], pergamentaceous''. Texture of parchment.
Peri-. In Greek compounds, signifying around.
''[[Peri-]]''. In Greek compounds, signifying around.
Perianth. The floral envelope considered together; commonly used for flowers in which there is usually no clear distinction between calyx and corolla, as the lilies.
''[[Perianth]]''. The floral envelope considered together; commonly used for flowers in which there is usually no clear distinction between calyx and corolla, as the lilies.
Pericarp. The ripened ovary.
''[[Pericarp]]''. The ripened ovary.
Perigynium. The sac or utricle that incloses the ovary or achene in Carex; it is sometimes inflated.
''[[Perigynium]]''. The sac or utricle that incloses the ovary or achene in Carex; it is sometimes inflated.
Perigynous. Borne around the ovary and not beneath it, as when calyx, corolla and stamens are borne on the edge of a cup-shaped hypanthium; such cases are said to exhibit perigyny.
''[[Perigynous]]''. Borne around the ovary and not beneath it, as when calyx, corolla and stamens are borne on the edge of a cup-shaped hypanthium; such cases are said to exhibit perigyny.
Persistent. Remaining attached; not falling off.
''[[Persistent]]''. Remaining attached; not falling off.
Personate. Said of a two-lipped corolla the throat of whichn is closed by a palate, as in toad-flax.
''[[Personate]]''. Said of a two-lipped corolla the throat of whichn is closed by a palate, as in toad-flax.
Petal. One of the separate leaves of a corolla.
''[[Petal]]''. One of the separate leaves of a corolla.
Petaloid. Petal-like; of color and shape resembling a petal.
''[[Petaloid]]''. Petal-like; of color and shape resembling a petal.
Petiole. Leaf-stalk.
''[[Petiole]]''. Leaf-stalk.
Petiolule. Stalk of a leaflet.
''[[Petiolule]]''. Stalk of a leaflet.
Phalanges (plural of phalanx). The groups or bundles of stamens in diadelphous or polyadelphous flowers.
''[[Phalanges]]'' (plural of ''phalanx''). The groups or bundles of stamens in diadelphous or polyadelphous flowers.
Phenogam, phenogamous. Flowering plants; seed-bearing plants (as distinguished from spore-bearing, or cryptogams).
''[[Phenogam]], phenogamous''. Flowering plants; seed-bearing plants (as distinguished from spore-bearing, or cryptogams).
Phyllodium. Leaf-like petiole and no blade, as in some acacias and other plants.
''[[Phyllodium]]''. Leaf-like petiole and no blade, as in some acacias and other plants.
Phyllotaxy. Order of arrangement of leaves on the stem.
''[[Phyllotaxy]]''. Order of arrangement of leaves on the stem.
Phylology. The study of plants, particularly of the kinds or species; botany.
''[[Phylology]]''. The study of plants, particularly of the kinds or species; botany.
Pileate, pileiform. With the form of a pileus or rimless cap; in particular, pertaining to the cap of a mushroom.
''[[Pileate]], pileiform''. With the form of a pileus or rimless cap; in particular, pertaining to the cap of a mushroom.
Pinna. A primary division or leaflet of a pinnate leaf.
''[[Pinna]]''. A primary division or leaflet of a pinnate leaf.
Pinnate. Feather-formed; with the leaflets of a compound leaf placed on either side of the rachis.
''[[Pinnate]]''. Feather-formed; with the leaflets of a compound leaf placed on either side of the rachis.
Pinnatifid. Cleft or parted in a pinnate (rather than palmate) way.
''[[Pinnatifid]]''. Cleft or parted in a pinnate (rather than palmate) way.
Pinnatipartite. Pinnately-parted.
''[[Pinnatipartite]]''. Pinnately-parted.
Pinnatisect. Cut down to the midrib in a pinnate way.
''[[Pinnatisect]]''. Cut down to the midrib in a pinnate way.
Pinnule. A secondary pinna or leaflet in a pinnately decompound leaf.
''[[Pinnule]]''. A secondary pinna or leaflet in a pinnately decompound leaf.
Pip. A perpendicular or upright small rootstock used in propagation, as of lily-of-the-valley.
''[[Pip]]''. A perpendicular or upright small rootstock used in propagation, as of lily-of-the-valley.
Pisiform. Pea-shaped; pea-like.
''[[Pisiform]]''. Pea-shaped; pea-like.
Pistil. The ovule-bearing and seed-bearing organ.
''[[Pistil]]''. The ovule-bearing and seed-bearing organ.
Pistillate. Having pistils and no stamens; female.
''[[Pistillate]]''. Having pistils and no stamens; female.
Pitted. Having little depressions or cavities.
''[[Pitted]]''. Having little depressions or cavities.
Placenta. Part or place in the ovary where ovules are attached.
''[[Placenta]]''. Part or place in the ovary where ovules are attached.
Plaited. Folded lengthwise, as a closed fan.
''[[Plaited]]''. Folded lengthwise, as a closed fan.
Plane. Evenly flat, rather than wrinkled, folded, grooved or otherwise.
''[[Plane]]''. Evenly flat, rather than wrinkled, folded, grooved or otherwise.
''[[Platys]]''. In Greek combinations, signifying broad or wide.
Plumose. Plumy; feather-like; with fine hairs, as the pappus of some composites.
''[[Plumose]]''. Plumy; feather-like; with fine hairs, as the pappus of some composites.
Plumule. The bud in the embryo.
''[[Plumule]]''. The bud in the embryo.
Plur-annual. Of one season's duration only because killed by frost.
''[[Plur-annual]]''. Of one season's duration only because killed by frost.
Pod. A dehiscent dry pericarp.
''[[Pod]]''. A dehiscent dry pericarp.
Pollen. Spores or grains borne by the anther, containing the male element; sometimes it is not granular.
''[[Pollen]]''. Spores or grains borne by the anther, containing the male element; sometimes it is not granular.
Pollination. The mechanical or physical operation of transfering pollen from stamen to pistil.
''[[Pollination]]''. The mechanical or physical operation of transfering pollen from stamen to pistil.
Polliniferous. Bearing-pollen.
''[[Polliniferous]]''. Bearing-pollen.
Pollinium. A coherent mass of pollen, as in orchids and milkweeds.
''[[Pollinium]]''. A coherent mass of pollen, as in orchids and milkweeds.
Poly-. In Greek combinations, signifying numerous or many.
''[[Poly-]]''. In Greek combinations, signifying numerous or many.
Polyadelphous. The stamens in many bundles or fascicles.
''[[Polyadelphous]]''. The stamens in many bundles or fascicles.
Polygamous. Bearing imperfect and hermaphrodite flowers on the same plant.
''[[Polygamous]]''. Bearing imperfect and hermaphrodite flowers on the same plant.
Polymerous. Of many parts or series.
''[[Polymerous]]''. Of many parts or series.
Pome. Fruit of apple, pear, quince, etc.
''[[Pome]]''. Fruit of apple, pear, quince, etc.
Porose. With small holes, pores or perforations.
''[[Porose]]''. With small holes, pores or perforations.
Posterior. At or toward the back; opposite the front; toward the axis; away from the subtending bract.
''[[Posterior]]''. At or toward the back; opposite the front; toward the axis; away from the subtending bract.
Praefoliation. Arrangement of leaves in the bud; vernation.
''[[Praefoliation]]''. Arrangement of leaves in the bud; vernation.
''[[Praemorse]]''. Jagged; as if bitten off.
Prickle. A small and weak spine-like body borne irregularly on the bark or epidermis.
''[[Prickle]]''. A small and weak spine-like body borne irregularly on the bark or epidermis.
Prismatic. Prism-shaped; with plane sides separated by angles, body of nearly uniform size throughout, and with similar end-sections.
''[[Prismatic]]''. Prism-shaped; with plane sides separated by angles, body of nearly uniform size throughout, and with similar end-sections.
Process. An extension of any surface or part beyond the main outline.
''[[Process]]''. An extension of any surface or part beyond the main outline.
Procumbent. Trailing or lying flat, but not rooting.
''[[Procumbent]]''. Trailing or lying flat, but not rooting.
Proliferous. Bearing offshoots or redundant parts; bearing other similar structures on itself.
''[[Proliferous]]''. Bearing offshoots or redundant parts; bearing other similar structures on itself.
Proterandrous. Anthers maturing before pistils.
''[[Proterandrous]]''. Anthers maturing before pistils.
Proterogynous. Pistils maturing before anthers.
''[[Proterogynous]]''. Pistils maturing before anthers.
Pseud-annual. Perennial by means of bulbs, corms, or tubers.
''[[Pseud-annual]]''. Perennial by means of bulbs, corms, or tubers.
''[[Pseudo-]]''. In Greek compounds, signifying spurious or false.
Pseudobulb. The thickened or bulb-form stems of certain orchids, the part being solid and borne above ground.
''[[Pseudobulb]]''. The thickened or bulb-form stems of certain orchids, the part being solid and borne above ground.
Puberulent. Somewhat or minutely pubescent.
''[[Puberulent]]''. Somewhat or minutely pubescent.
Pubescent. Covered with short, soft hairs; downy.
''[[Pubescent]]''. Covered with short, soft hairs; downy.
Pulverulent. Powdered or dusty.
''[[Pulverulent]]''. Powdered or dusty.
''[[Pulvinate]]''. Cushioned; with a cushion-like enlargement or structure, as at the base of some petioles or leaflets.
Punctate. With translucent or colored dots or depressions or pits.
''[[Punctate]]''. With translucent or colored dots or depressions or pits.
Pungent. Ending in a stiff sharp point or tip; also acrid (to the taste).
''[[Pungent]]''. Ending in a stiff sharp point or tip; also acrid (to the taste).
Putamen. The hard or bony shell of a nut or of a stone- fruit.
''[[Putamen]]''. The hard or bony shell of a nut or of a stone- fruit.
Pyrene, pyrena. Nutlet, particularly the nutlet in a drupe.
''[[Pyrene]], pyrena''. Nutlet, particularly the nutlet in a drupe.
Pyriform. Pear-formed or -shaped.
''[[Pyriform]]''. Pear-formed or -shaped.
Pyxis. Pod opening or dehiscing by a transverse ring.
''[[Pyxis]]''. Pod opening or dehiscing by a transverse ring.
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