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−A '''list of edible seeds''' here includes seeds that are directly foodstuffs, rather than yielding derived products.
−A variety of species can provide '''edible seeds'''. Of the six major plant parts, seeds are the most important source of human food. The other five major plant parts are [[root]]s, [[stem]]s, [[leave]]s, [[flower]]s, and [[fruit]]s. Most edible seeds are [[angiosperm]]s, but a few are [[gymnosperm]]s. The most important seed food source is cereals, followed by legumes, and nuts.
−
−The list is divided into the following categories:
−* '''[[Bean]]s''' (or '''[[Legume]]s''') are protein-rich soft seeds.
−* '''[[Cereals]]''' (or '''grains''') are grass-like crops that are harvested for their dry seeds. These seeds are often ground to make [[flour]]. Cereals provide almost half of all calories consumed in the world.<ref name="prodstat">{{cite web
− | url=http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx
− | title=ProdSTAT
− | author=FAO
− | work=FAOSTAT
− | accessdate=2006-12-26
−}}</ref> Botanically, true cereals are members of the [[Poaceae]] or Grass family.
−** '''[[Pseudocereal]]s''' are cereal crops that are not members of the Poaceae or Grass Family.
−* '''[[Nut (fruit)|Nuts]]''' are botanically a specific type of fruit but the term is also applied to many edible seeds that are not botanically nuts.
−** '''[[Gymnosperm]]s''' produce nut-like seeds but not flowers or fruits.
−* '''[[Spices]]''' are used to flavor food rather than provide nutrients.
−
−== Beans ==
−See also: [[:Category:Beans]]
−
−Beans, also known as [[legume]]s or [[pulse (legume)|pulses]] include:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/faoinfo/economic/faodef/fdef04e.htm |title=Definition and Classification of Commodities|work=Definition and Classification of Commodities|title=Pulses and derived products|date=1994|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|accessdate=2006-12-26}}</ref>
−
−[[Image:3 types of lentil.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Lentils have been part of the human diet since the Neolithic]]
−* [[Bambara groundnut]]
−* [[Vicia faba|Broad bean]]s
−* [[Chickpea]]s
−* [[Cowpea]]s
−* [[Pulse (legume)#Classification of pulses|Dry beans]], including
−** [[Common bean]]
−** several species of ''[[Vigna]]''
−* [[Hyacinth bean]]
−* [[Lablab]]
−* [[Lentil]]s
−* [[Lupin]]s
−* [[Pea]]s
−* [[Peanut]]s
−* [[Pigeon pea]]s
−* [[Soybean]]s
−* [[Tonka bean]]s
−* [[Velvet bean]]s
−* [[Vetch]]
−* [[Winged bean]]s
−* [[Yam bean]]s
−
−== Cereals ==
−{{See also|Category:Cereals}}
−[[Image:GEM corn.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Maize (sometimes called "corn") is the single biggest source of food calories in the world.]]
−
−True [[cereal]]s are the seeds of certain species of [[grass]]. Three — maize, wheat and rice — account for about half of the calories consumed by people every year.<ref name="prodstat">{{cite web
− | url=http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx
− | title=ProdSTAT
− | author=FAO
− | work=FAOSTAT
− | accessdate=2006-12-26
−}}</ref> Grains can be ground to make [[flour]], used as the basis of [[bread]], [[cake]], [[noodles]] or other food products. They can also be boiled or steamed, either whole or ground, and eaten as is. Many cereals are present or past [[staple food]]s, provided a large fraction of the calories in the places that they are eaten. [[Cereal]]s include:
−
−* [[Barley]]
−* [[Fonio]]
−* [[Kamut]]
−* [[Maize]]
−* [[Millet]]
−* [[Oat]]s
−* [[Distichlis palmeri|Palmer's grass]]
−* [[Rice]]
−* [[Rye]]
−* [[Sorghum]]
−* [[Spelt]]
−* [[Teff]]
−* [[Triticale]]
−* [[Wheat]]
−* [[Wild rice]]
−
−=== Pseudocereals ===
−[[Image:Quinoa.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Quinoa is not a grass, but its seeds have been eaten for 6000 years.]]
−* [[Breadnut]]
−* [[Buckwheat]]
−* [[Cattail]]
−* [[Chia]]
−* [[Celosia|Cockscomb]]
−* [[Grain amaranth]]
−* [[Kañiwa]]
−* [[Quinoa]]
−* [[Wattleseed]] (also called ''acacia seed'')
−
−== Nuts ==
−''See also'': [[List of edible nuts]]
−
−[[Image:Brazil nuts.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Brazil nuts come from a South American tree]]
−
−According to the botanical definition, [[nut (fruit)|nuts]] are a particular kind of seed.<ref>{{cite web
− | url=http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Nut
− | title=Nut
− | work=Biology Online Dictionary
− | date=[[October 3]] [[2005]]
− | accessdate=2006-12-26
−}}</ref> [[Walnut]]s and [[acorn]]s are example of nuts, under this definition. In [[nut (fruit)|culinary terms]], however, the term is used more broadly to include fruits that are not botanically qualified as nuts, but that have a similar appearance and culinary role. Examples of culinary nuts include [[almond]]s, [[peanut]]s and [[cashew]]s.<ref>{{cite web
− | url=http://www.answers.com/topic/nut
− | title=Nut
− | work=The Columbia Online Encyclopedia
− | date=2003
− | accessdate=2006-12-26
−}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/es/faodef/fdef05e.htm|title=Nuts and derived products|work=Definition and Classification of Commodities|date=1996|accessdate=2006-12-26|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations}}</ref>
−
−* [[Almond#Culinary uses|Almond]]
−* [[Beech]]
−* [[Butternut (tree)|Butternut]]
−* [[Brazilnut]]
−* [[Candlenut]]
−* [[Cashew#Uses|Cashew]]
−* [[Chestnut#Nuts|Chestnuts]], including:
−** [[Chinese Chestnut]]
−** [[Pachira aquatica|Malabar chestnut]]
−** [[Sweet Chestnut]]
−* [[Colocynth]]
−* ''[[Cucurbita ficifolia]]''
−* [[Filbert]]
−* [[Hickory#Uses|Hickory]], including
−** [[Pecan]]
−** [[Shagbark Hickory]]
−* [[Kola nut]]
−* [[Macadamia]]
−* [[Mamoncillo]]
−* [[Brosimum alicastrum|Maya nut]]
−* [[acorn|Oak acorns]]
−* [[Irvingia|Ogbono nut]]
−* [[Lecythidaceae|Paradise nut]]
−* [[Pili nut]]
−* [[Walnut#Nuts|Walnut]]
−
−=== Nut-like gymnosperm seeds ===
−[[Image:KoreanPineSeeds.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pine nuts are a Gymnosperm seed that is edible]]
−* [[Cycad]]s
−* [[Ginkgo]]
−* ''[[Gnetum gnemon]]''
−* [[Juniper]]
−* [[Araucaria araucana|Monkey-puzzle]]
−* [[Pine nut]]s, including
−** [[Chilgoza Pine]]
−** [[Korean Pine]]
−** [[Stone Pine]]
−** [[Colorado Pinyon]]
−** [[Mexican Pinyon]]
−** [[Single-leaf Pinyon]]
−* [[Podocarps]]
−
−== Spices ==
−''See also:'' [[List of herbs and spices]]
−[[Image:Coriander.png|thumb|right|200px|Coriander fruit (including its seeds) is a well-known spice.]]
−Seeds that are used to flavor other foods include:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uni-graz.at/~katzer/engl/index.html|title=Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages|accessdate=2006-12-26}}</ref>
−* [[Ajowan]] seed
−* [[Anise]] seed
−* [[Black pepper]] seed
−* [[Cardamom]] seed
−* [[Caraway]] seed
−* [[Celery]] seed
−* [[Chile pepper]] seed
−* [[Cubeb]] seed
−* [[Cumin]] seed
−* [[Coriander]] seed
−* [[Dill]] seed
−* [[Fennel]] seed
−* [[Fenugreek]] seed
−* [[Juniper]] seed
−* [[Nutmeg|Mace]]
−* [[Mustard seed]]
−* [[Nigella]] seed
−* [[Nutmeg]]
−* [[Pomegranate]] seed
−* [[Opium poppy#Use as food|Poppy seed]]
−* [[Sesame]] seed
−* [[Vanilla]]
−
−== Miscellaneous ==
−* [[Cempedak]]
−* [[Durian]]
−* [[Fluted pumpkin]]
−* [[Jackfruit]]
−* [[Lotus seed]]
−* [[Malabar gourd]]
−* [[Pistachio#Cultivation and uses|Pistachio]]
−* [[Pumpkin seed]]
−* [[Sunflower seed]]
−
−== Edible fruits of which seeds are eaten incidentally ==
−* [[Blackberry]]
−* [[Blueberry]]
−* [[Cranberry]]
−* [[Cucumber]]
−* [[Eggplant]]
−* [[Fig]]
−* [[Huckleberry]]
−* [[Kiwifruit]]
−* [[Mulberry]]
−* [[Okra]]
−* [[Raspberry]]
−* [[Strawberry]]
−* [[Tomatillo]]
−* [[Tomato]]
−* [[Winter melon]]
−* [[Zucchini]]
−
−== References ==
−
−== See also ==
−* [[List of vegetable oils]]
−* [[List of snack foods#seeds or nuts|List of seed-based snacks]]
−* [[Eastern Agricultural Complex]]
−* [[Nut (fruit)]]
−* [[Pulse (legume)|Pulse]]
−* [[Seed]]
−
−[[Category:Lists of foods|Seeds, list of edible]]
−[[Category:Lists of plants]]
−[[Category:Edible nuts and seeds| ]]