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−__NOTOC__{{Plantbox+| wide = <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->+| origin = ? <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->+| poisonous = <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->+| water = ? <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->+| features = <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
−| hardiness = <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
−| bloom = <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
−| usda_zones = ? <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
−| sunset_zones = <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
−| regnum = Plantae <!--- Kingdom -->
−| divisio = <!--- Phylum -->
−| classis = <!--- Class -->
−| ordo = <!--- Order -->
−| familia = <!--- Family -->
−| genus =
−| species =
−| subspecies =
−| cultivar =
<!--- ******************************************************* -->
{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->+
{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->+
{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->+
{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery -->+ +<gallery>+[[Category:Categorize]]+
−<!-- in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions! -->
{{SPlantbox
−| name = ''LATINNAME'' <!--- replace LATINNAME with the actual latin name -->
+|familia=Caryophyllaceae
−| common_names = <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
+|genus=Silene
−| growth_habit = ? <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
+|common_name=Campion, Catchfly, Cushion pink
−| high = ? <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
+|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
−|lifespan=perennial, annual
−|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
−|Temp Metric=°F
−| lifespan = <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
+|image=White campion close 700.jpg
−| exposure = ? <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
+|image_width=240
−|image_caption=''[[Silene latifolia]]'' (White Campion)
−| color = IndianRed
−| image = Upload.png <!--- Freesia.jpg -->
−| image_width = 240px <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
−| image_caption = <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->
−}}
}}
+'''''Silene''''' is a [[genus]] of [[flowering plant]]s in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Caryophyllaceae]]. Common names include [[campion]] (shared with the related genus ''[[Lychnis]]'') and '''catchfly'''.
+
+[[Red Campion]] (''S. dioica'') and [[White Campion]] (''S. latifolia'') are common [[wildflower]]s throughout Europe and elsewhere. They readily hybridise to produce plants with paler pink [[flower]]s. The [[Moss campion]] is common in the high Arctic.
+
+{{Inc|
+Lychnis (from the Greek word for lamp, in allusion to the flame-colored fls. of some species). Including Agrostemma and Viscaria. Caryophyllaceae. Interesting flower-garden herbs.
+
+The technical generic characters are so variable as to allow the genus to be thrown into Silene or to be broken up into 7 or 8 distinct genera (for the latter, see Williams, Journ. Bot. 31:167; Journ. Linn. Soc. 32:11), according to the point of view of the particular author. They are mostly erect-growing, and the lvs. are opposite and entire. The caps, usually has but one locule or compartment, and the seeds are borne on a central or axile placenta (Fig. 2220). The styles are usually 5 or rarely 4, in this differing from Silene (in which the styles are 3), and the calyx-teeth are commonly 5. In some species, the styles are 3 and the caps, is more than 1-loculed at base, but in these cases the habit of the plant and minor technical characters enable one to refer them to Lychnis rather than to Silene. The stamens are 10; and the petals 5 and usually with a 2-cleft scale or a pair of teeth at the base of the blade. —As defined above, the genus contains 40-50 species, annuals, biennials, and perennials, of the temperate parts of the northern hemisphere. Agrostemma and Viscaria might be separated, although the distinctions are not very marked. Agrostemma has the 5 stamens opposite the petals and the petals are not appendaged; Lychnis would then be distinguished as having the stamens alternate with the petals, and the latter are often or usually appendaged so as to form a crown in the corolla. If Lychnis is restricted to those species in which the caps, is 1-celled to the base, then Viscaria may be distinguished for certain species that are several-celled at the base (see Viscaria). For horticultural purposes these distinctions are not important. Petrocoptis is here kept distinct. In the following synopsis of the garden kinds, little attempt is made to follow technical botanical divisions.
+
+Some of the species of Lychnis are amongst the best known of old-fashioned flowers, as the mullein pink, Maltese cross and ragged robin. These are essentially flower-garden subjects, and of simple cultural requirements. Others, as L. alpina, are better known as border or rockwork plants (see also Petrocoptis). All species are easily grown from seeds, the biennials and perennials blooming the second year. The perennials are often propagated by division. All of them apparently thrive in the sun.
+
+L. Arkwrightii, Hort. Garden hybrid between L. chalcedonica and L. Haageana. Shades of scarlet.—L. Lagascae, Hook. f.-Petrocoptis.—L. pyrenaica, Berger - Petrocoptis. —L. Sartori, Hort. Said somewhat to resemble L. dioica but has narrower and more lanceolate lvs. and the calyx is more elongated, the fls being similar color of purple and ½ in. across: about 9-12 in. high. China (?).—L. sibirica. Linn. Perennial, from Siberia, apparently not in commerce: cespitose: lvs. linear, somewhat hairy: fls. long-peduncled; calyx campanulutc-globose, the lobes very short and obtuse; petals 2-lobed.—L. striata, Hort., offered abroad, "deep scarlet with distinct white stripes," is probably not L. striata, Rydb., of W. U. S.; the latter is a perennial with exserted white or purplish 2-cleft petals and strongly 10-nerved calyx, growing at an altitude of 6,000-10,000 ft. in Colo., Wyo., Utah.
+}}
+
{{Inc|
{{Inc|
−Silene (Greek name of one of Bacchus' companions described as covered with foam, also connected with sialon, saliva; referring to the stickiness of the stem and calyx of some species). Including Heliosperma and Melandrium in part. Caryophyllaceae. Catchfly. Campion. Erect, cespitose, decumbent or diffusely climbing annual, biennial, or perennial herbs, some of them tender and grown in the greenhouse, others hardy and planted outdoors for their ornamental effect; often excellent plants for the rock-garden.
Silene (Greek name of one of Bacchus' companions described as covered with foam, also connected with sialon, saliva; referring to the stickiness of the stem and calyx of some species). Including Heliosperma and Melandrium in part. Caryophyllaceae. Catchfly. Campion. Erect, cespitose, decumbent or diffusely climbing annual, biennial, or perennial herbs, some of them tender and grown in the greenhouse, others hardy and planted outdoors for their ornamental effect; often excellent plants for the rock-garden.
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==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
−===Propagation===
===Propagation===
−===Pests and diseases===
===Pests and diseases===
−==Species==
==Species==
−<!-- This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc -->
+About 300 species, including:<br/>
+''[[Silene acaulis]]'' (Moss Campion) <br/>
+''[[Silene alpestris]]''<br>
+''[[Silene armeria]]'' (Sweet William Catchfly)<br/>
+''[[Silene biafrae]]''<br/>
+''[[Silene caroliniana]]'' (Wild Pink)<br/>
+''[[Silene conica]]'' (Sand Catchfly)<br/>
+''[[Silene coronaria]]'' (Rose Campion)<br/>
+''[[Silene dichotoma]]'' (Forked Catchfly)<br/>
+''[[Silene diclinis]]''<br/>
+''[[Silene dioica]]'' (Red Campion)<br/>
+''[[Silene fernandezii]]''<br/>
+''[[Silene fimbriata]]''<br>
+''[[Silene gallica]]'' (Small-flowered Catchfly)<br/>
+''[[Silene gazulensis]]''<br/>
+''[[Silene hicesiae]]''<br/>
+''[[Silene hifacensis]]''<br>
+''[[Silene italica]]'' (Italian Catchfly)<br/><!-- BiolConserv137:248. -->
+''[[Silene laciniata]]'' <br/>
+''[[Silene latifolia]]'' (White Campion)<br/>
+''[[Silene linicola]]'' (Flaxfield Catchfly)<br/>
+''[[Silene maritima]]'' (Sea Campion)<br/>
+''[[Silene noctiflora]]'' (Night-flowering Catchfly)<br/>
+''[[Silene nutans]]'' (Nottingham Catchfly)<br/>
+''[[Silene otites]]'' (Spanish Catchfly)<br/>
+''[[Silene regia]]'' (Showy Catchfly)<br/>
+''[[Silene rupestris]]'' (Rock Campion)<br/>
+''[[Silene schafta]]''<br>
+''[[Silene sennenii]]''<br/>
+''[[Silene sorensenis]]'' (Sorensen's Catchfly)<br/>
+''[[Silene stellata]]'' (Starry Campion)<br/>
+''[[Silene suecica]]'' <br/>
+''[[Silene uniflora]]'' (Sea Campion)<br/>
+''[[Silene villosa]]''<br/>
+''[[Silene virginica]]'' (Fire Pink)<br/>
+''[[Silene viscosa]]'' (White Sticky Catchfly)<br/>
+''[[Silene vulgaris]]'' (Bladder Campion)<br/>
+''[[Silene wahlbergella]]'' (Northern Catchfly)
==Gallery==
==Gallery==
−<gallery perrow=5>
−Image:Red campion close 700.jpg|[[Red Campion]], ''Silene dioica''
−Image:Hybrid campion 800.jpg|A hybrid campion ''S. dioica'' × ''S. latifolia''
−Image:Upload.png| photo 1
+Image:Sea campion.JPG|Sea campion, ''Silene maritima''
−Image:Upload.png| photo 2
+Image:Silene regina 'Prairie Fire'.jpg|''Silene regia'' "Prairie Fire"
−Image:Upload.png| photo 3
</gallery>
</gallery>
==References==
==References==
+<references/>
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
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