Difference between revisions of "Caprifoliaceae"

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{{Taxobox
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = ''Caprifoliaceae''
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| name = Caprifoliaceae
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| common_names = Honeysuckle family
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = honeysuckle_w_y.jpg
 
| image = honeysuckle_w_y.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_width = 240px   <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = ''Lonicera japonica''
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| image_caption = Lonicera japonica
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = [[flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = [[Dipsacales]]
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| ordo = Dipsacales
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| familia = '''Caprifoliaceae'''
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| familia = Caprifoliaceae
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| subdivision_ranks = Genera
 
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| subdivision =
 
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See text.
 
 
}}
 
}}
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{{Inc|
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Caprifoliaceae (from the old genus Caprifolium, meaning a goat-leaf, possibly in reference to the climbing habit). Honeysuckle Family. Fig. 55. Shrubs, very rarely herbs: leaves opposite, simple or pinnate: flowers bisexual, regular or irregular; calyx 4-5-toothed, or 4-5-fid; corolla gamopetalous, 4-5-lobed, tubular or rotate; stamens of the same number as the corolla-lobes and alternate with them, epipetalous; ovary inferior, 1-5-celled; each cell 1 to many-ovuled; style 1 or obsolete; stigmas 1-5: fruit a berry or capsule.
  
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The '''Caprifoliaceae''' or '''honeysuckle family''' is a [[clade]] consisting of about 800 [[dicotyledon]]ous [[flowering plant]]s, with a nearly [[cosmopolitan distribution]]; centres of diversity are found in eastern [[North America]] and eastern [[Asia]], while they are absent in tropical and southern [[Africa]].
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The 11 genera and about 350 species are distributed principally in the north temperate zone. The tropical species are mostly confined to the mountains. A few species of Sambucus and Viburnum occur in the southern hemisphere. The family is very closely related to the Rubiaceae but the leaves are exstipulate; also to the Cornaceae and Valerianaceae. Some fossil species have been found.
  
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They are mostly [[shrub]]s and [[vine]]s, rarely herbs, including some ornamental garden plants in temperate regions. The [[leaf|leaves]] are mostly opposite with no stipules (= appendage at the base of a leafstalk or [[leaf |petiole]]), and may be either [[evergreen]] or [[deciduous]]. The [[flower]]s are tubular funnel-shaped or bell-like, usually with five outward spreading lobes or points, and are often fragrant. They usually form a small calyx with small bracts. The [[fruit]] is in most cases a [[berry]] or a [[drupe]]. The genera, ''Diervilla'' and ''Weigela'', have [[Capsule (fruit)|capsular]] fruit.
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Many species of Honeysuckle exhale a sweet odor after sunset. The berries of Lonicera Caprifolium are said to be diuretic; those of L. Xylosteum are laxative. The berries of the European elder (Sambucus nigra), and of the American elder (S. canadensis) are cooked and eaten and are also made into wine. The dried flowers of elder were formerly used in cases of fever. The roots of the North American Triosteum perfoliatum furnish a kind of ipecac. Other species are locally used in medicine. Many are ornamental.
  
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==Taxonomy==
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Eight or 10 genera are in cultivation in N. America: Viburnum (Sheepberry, Hobble-bush. Wayfaring Tree, Arrowwood, High Cranberry, Snowball Bush); Sambucus (Elder); Triosteum (Feverwort, Horse Gentian. Wild Ipecac); Symphoricarpos (Snowberry, Coral Berry); Abelia; Diervilla (Weigela, Bush Honeysuckle); Linnaea (Twin-flower); Lonicera (Bush and Climbing Honeysuckles, Woodbine, Trumpet Honeysuckle).{{SCH}}
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(with approximate numbers of species).
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}}
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==Genera==
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Source: Wikipedia{{wp}}
  
 
Much of the debate over the taxonomy of this group has been settled. Two of the most familiar members of the family, the [[elderberry|elder]] and the [[viburnum]], have been moved into [[Adoxaceae]], along with some other genera.
 
Much of the debate over the taxonomy of this group has been settled. Two of the most familiar members of the family, the [[elderberry|elder]] and the [[viburnum]], have been moved into [[Adoxaceae]], along with some other genera.
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*''[[Silvianthus]]'' : 2 species.
 
*''[[Silvianthus]]'' : 2 species.
  
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==Uses==
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==Gallery==
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The plants belonging to this family are mainly hardy [[ornamental plant|ornamental]] shrubs or vines, many popular garden shrubs, especially ''Lonicera''. A few have become invasive weeds outside of their native ranges (such as ''Lonicera japonica'').
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery -->
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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*Flowering Plants of the World, 1987, Vernon H. Heywood, Andromeda Oxford Ltd., ISBN 90-5210-165-5
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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*Botanica,  Gordon Cheers, Random House Australia, ISBN 3-8290-1953-X
 
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
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*[http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/caprifol.htm Caprifoliaceae] in [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval.] http://delta-intkey.com
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*{{wplink}}
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*[http://www.life.umd.edu/emeritus/reveal/pbio/usda/usdac.html Concordance of Angiosperm Family Names]
 
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*[http://www.speciesaccounts.org/Caprifoliaceae.htm Species account : Caprifoliaceae]
 
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*[http://www.inform.umd.edu/EdRes/Colleges/LFSC/life_sciences/.plant_biology/pb450/compcorn.html Comparison Table for the Cornidae]
 
  
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
 
[[Category:Plant families]]
 
[[Category:Plant families]]
 
[[Category:Caprifoliaceae| ]]
 
[[Category:Caprifoliaceae| ]]
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[[Category:Dipsacales| ]]

Latest revision as of 17:53, 19 May 2009


Lonicera japonica


Plant Characteristics
Cultivation
Scientific Names

Caprifoliaceae >



Read about Caprifoliaceae in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Caprifoliaceae (from the old genus Caprifolium, meaning a goat-leaf, possibly in reference to the climbing habit). Honeysuckle Family. Fig. 55. Shrubs, very rarely herbs: leaves opposite, simple or pinnate: flowers bisexual, regular or irregular; calyx 4-5-toothed, or 4-5-fid; corolla gamopetalous, 4-5-lobed, tubular or rotate; stamens of the same number as the corolla-lobes and alternate with them, epipetalous; ovary inferior, 1-5-celled; each cell 1 to many-ovuled; style 1 or obsolete; stigmas 1-5: fruit a berry or capsule.

The 11 genera and about 350 species are distributed principally in the north temperate zone. The tropical species are mostly confined to the mountains. A few species of Sambucus and Viburnum occur in the southern hemisphere. The family is very closely related to the Rubiaceae but the leaves are exstipulate; also to the Cornaceae and Valerianaceae. Some fossil species have been found.

Many species of Honeysuckle exhale a sweet odor after sunset. The berries of Lonicera Caprifolium are said to be diuretic; those of L. Xylosteum are laxative. The berries of the European elder (Sambucus nigra), and of the American elder (S. canadensis) are cooked and eaten and are also made into wine. The dried flowers of elder were formerly used in cases of fever. The roots of the North American Triosteum perfoliatum furnish a kind of ipecac. Other species are locally used in medicine. Many are ornamental.

Eight or 10 genera are in cultivation in N. America: Viburnum (Sheepberry, Hobble-bush. Wayfaring Tree, Arrowwood, High Cranberry, Snowball Bush); Sambucus (Elder); Triosteum (Feverwort, Horse Gentian. Wild Ipecac); Symphoricarpos (Snowberry, Coral Berry); Abelia; Diervilla (Weigela, Bush Honeysuckle); Linnaea (Twin-flower); Lonicera (Bush and Climbing Honeysuckles, Woodbine, Trumpet Honeysuckle).CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Genera

Source: Wikipediawp

Much of the debate over the taxonomy of this group has been settled. Two of the most familiar members of the family, the elder and the viburnum, have been moved into Adoxaceae, along with some other genera.

The evolutionary taxonomy of this group includes

Diervilleae

Heptacodium

Caprifolieae

Linnaeaceae

Morinaceae

Dipsacaceae

Triplostegia

Valerianaceae

No longer included in Caprifoliaceae:

(regarded by some as belonging to a separate family Adoxaceae /Alseuosmiaceae)

(regarded by some as belonging to a separate family Adoxaceae /Carlemanniaceae)

Gallery

If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links

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