Difference between revisions of "Sobralia"
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+ | Sobralia (for Fr. Mart. Sobral, a Spanish botanist). Orchidaceae. Extremely handsome terrestrial orchids with a very distinct habit, some of them comparing well with cattleyas and laelias in bloom. | ||
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+ | Leaves with sheathing bases, plicate-venose: fls. membranaceous, few, in short, terminal racemes, or solitary; sepals and petals spreading; labellum convolute around the column, terminal portion large, undulate, often fimbriate, smooth or with longitudinal ridges; column slender; pollinia 8.—About 30 or more species, inhabiting the mountains of Mex. and Trop. Amer. The following account comprises the species that appear to be in the American trade, but others are to be found in the collections of fanciers. The plants have slender reed-like sts. clothed with lvs. throughout their entire length. The sts. are tufted, forming bushy plants varying in height according to the species. The fls. are among the largest of the orchids, those of S. macrantha attaining a diam. of 9 in. across the sepals. They are, however, very transient, fading a few days after opening. | ||
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+ | Sobralias are charming orchids, and when room can be given to large plants they well repay the space and care they require. Many of them, to be sure, are very fugacious in their blooming, some lasting only a day, but nearly all of them make up for this by a succession of flowers which is more or less rapid. In size the individual blossoms vary from that of an ordinary Cattleya labiata to one scarcely 1 1/2 inches across, and the plants themselves present as great variety, ranging from such as S. fragrans, which grows less than a foot high, to that giant of the tribe, S. Cattleya, which will reach a height of nearly 10 feet. They also give as much variety in their coloring, ranging from a shade of lavender which is almost a blue through different shades of purple to the rich claret-color of S. Lowii, and from yellow to the purest white. Where space for large and bushy plants can be afforded, some of the sobralias will prove most charming plants, having the double advantage of presenting in a well-grown plant not only beautiful blossoms but a subject which is thoroughly attractive as a foliage plant. They also have the added advantage of being, in most instances, of rather easy culture. Given a suitable soil and a liberal supply of water they are almost sure to grow and bloom, although they will do better if they are given their time for rest, when less water is allowed without permitting the material about the roots ever to become quite dry. | ||
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+ | S. Amesia- S. Wilsonii x S. xantholeuca. G.C. III. 40:suppl. Aug. 25.—S. Amesiana-S. Wilsonii x S. xantholeuca. G. 31:581.— S. blanda, Kranzl. Fls. 6 in. across, white, except throat and middle portion of disk of lip, which are golden yellow. Hab. (?).—S. Charlesworthii, Hort. Fls. rich rose-purple, with broad purple band around lip and bright yellow crest. Colombia.—S. Cliftoniae, a dwarf, white-fld. species, said to come from Ecuador. G.M. 53: 325. J.H. III. 53:75; 63:3 (both as S. Holfordii).—S. Colmanii -S. xantholeuca x S. Veitchii.—S. Elizabethae - S. Liliastrum.— S. Lanthoinei-S. Ruckeri.—S. Liliastrum, Lindl. Fls. large, white, yellow-veined. Guiana, Brazil.—S. Lucasiana, Hort. Fls. large; sepals and petals white; lip soft rose-purple, throat yellow. Trop. Amer.—S. luminosa- S. Holfordii x S. Wilsonii.—S. Malmquistiana, Schlecht. Fls. pale rose, with orange-yellow blotch on lip. Colombia. O. 1911:59, desc.—S. murabilis- S. Veitchii x S. macrantha Kienastiana.—S. Ruckeri, Lind. & Reichb. f. Sepals and petals pale rose-purple; lip with a white base, marked with a yellow band, the front of lip dark rose-purple. Colombia. G.C. III. 30:67. J.H. III. 48:531. — S. schoenbrunnensis- S. xantholeuca var. superba x S. macrantha. — S. sessilis, Lindl. Sheaths and under surface of lvs. black-pubescent: lvs. sessile, oblong-lanceolate: fls. sessile, rose, the lip darker. Guiana. B.R. 27:17. J.F. 1:104. — S. Siebertiana- S. macrantha Kienastiana x S. Hodgkinsonii.-.S. valida, Rolfe. Fls. about 2 in. long, fragrant, whitish yellow, with deeper yellow band on lip, becoming deep orange in front. Panama. -S. Veitchii, Hort. -S. macrantha x S. xantholeuca. Sepals oblong, somewhat undulate, white, lightly tinted rose-lilac; petals oval-oblong, undulate, white, tinted rose; lip ample, the limb strongly tinted with lilac-violet, the throat orange, the margin strongly undulate-crisped. J.H. III. 63: 171. C.O. Hyb. 1.— S. Wiganiae -S. macrantha x S. xantholeuca. G.M. 45:441.— S. Wilsonii, Rolfe. Fls. large, white, shaded with rose and spotted with purple. | ||
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Revision as of 09:16, 7 July 2009
Read about Sobralia in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture
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Sobralia (for Fr. Mart. Sobral, a Spanish botanist). Orchidaceae. Extremely handsome terrestrial orchids with a very distinct habit, some of them comparing well with cattleyas and laelias in bloom. Leaves with sheathing bases, plicate-venose: fls. membranaceous, few, in short, terminal racemes, or solitary; sepals and petals spreading; labellum convolute around the column, terminal portion large, undulate, often fimbriate, smooth or with longitudinal ridges; column slender; pollinia 8.—About 30 or more species, inhabiting the mountains of Mex. and Trop. Amer. The following account comprises the species that appear to be in the American trade, but others are to be found in the collections of fanciers. The plants have slender reed-like sts. clothed with lvs. throughout their entire length. The sts. are tufted, forming bushy plants varying in height according to the species. The fls. are among the largest of the orchids, those of S. macrantha attaining a diam. of 9 in. across the sepals. They are, however, very transient, fading a few days after opening. Sobralias are charming orchids, and when room can be given to large plants they well repay the space and care they require. Many of them, to be sure, are very fugacious in their blooming, some lasting only a day, but nearly all of them make up for this by a succession of flowers which is more or less rapid. In size the individual blossoms vary from that of an ordinary Cattleya labiata to one scarcely 1 1/2 inches across, and the plants themselves present as great variety, ranging from such as S. fragrans, which grows less than a foot high, to that giant of the tribe, S. Cattleya, which will reach a height of nearly 10 feet. They also give as much variety in their coloring, ranging from a shade of lavender which is almost a blue through different shades of purple to the rich claret-color of S. Lowii, and from yellow to the purest white. Where space for large and bushy plants can be afforded, some of the sobralias will prove most charming plants, having the double advantage of presenting in a well-grown plant not only beautiful blossoms but a subject which is thoroughly attractive as a foliage plant. They also have the added advantage of being, in most instances, of rather easy culture. Given a suitable soil and a liberal supply of water they are almost sure to grow and bloom, although they will do better if they are given their time for rest, when less water is allowed without permitting the material about the roots ever to become quite dry. S. Amesia- S. Wilsonii x S. xantholeuca. G.C. III. 40:suppl. Aug. 25.—S. Amesiana-S. Wilsonii x S. xantholeuca. G. 31:581.— S. blanda, Kranzl. Fls. 6 in. across, white, except throat and middle portion of disk of lip, which are golden yellow. Hab. (?).—S. Charlesworthii, Hort. Fls. rich rose-purple, with broad purple band around lip and bright yellow crest. Colombia.—S. Cliftoniae, a dwarf, white-fld. species, said to come from Ecuador. G.M. 53: 325. J.H. III. 53:75; 63:3 (both as S. Holfordii).—S. Colmanii -S. xantholeuca x S. Veitchii.—S. Elizabethae - S. Liliastrum.— S. Lanthoinei-S. Ruckeri.—S. Liliastrum, Lindl. Fls. large, white, yellow-veined. Guiana, Brazil.—S. Lucasiana, Hort. Fls. large; sepals and petals white; lip soft rose-purple, throat yellow. Trop. Amer.—S. luminosa- S. Holfordii x S. Wilsonii.—S. Malmquistiana, Schlecht. Fls. pale rose, with orange-yellow blotch on lip. Colombia. O. 1911:59, desc.—S. murabilis- S. Veitchii x S. macrantha Kienastiana.—S. Ruckeri, Lind. & Reichb. f. Sepals and petals pale rose-purple; lip with a white base, marked with a yellow band, the front of lip dark rose-purple. Colombia. G.C. III. 30:67. J.H. III. 48:531. — S. schoenbrunnensis- S. xantholeuca var. superba x S. macrantha. — S. sessilis, Lindl. Sheaths and under surface of lvs. black-pubescent: lvs. sessile, oblong-lanceolate: fls. sessile, rose, the lip darker. Guiana. B.R. 27:17. J.F. 1:104. — S. Siebertiana- S. macrantha Kienastiana x S. Hodgkinsonii.-.S. valida, Rolfe. Fls. about 2 in. long, fragrant, whitish yellow, with deeper yellow band on lip, becoming deep orange in front. Panama. -S. Veitchii, Hort. -S. macrantha x S. xantholeuca. Sepals oblong, somewhat undulate, white, lightly tinted rose-lilac; petals oval-oblong, undulate, white, tinted rose; lip ample, the limb strongly tinted with lilac-violet, the throat orange, the margin strongly undulate-crisped. J.H. III. 63: 171. C.O. Hyb. 1.— S. Wiganiae -S. macrantha x S. xantholeuca. G.M. 45:441.— S. Wilsonii, Rolfe. Fls. large, white, shaded with rose and spotted with purple.
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Sobralia macrantha | ||||||||||||||||||
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Sobralia dichotoma Ruiz & Pav., 1798 | ||||||||||||||||||
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See Species section. |
Sobralia is a genus of about 125 orchids (family Orchidaceae) and the only genus of the subtribe Sobraliinae. It is native to Central and South America. The plants are more commonly terrestrial, but are also found growing epiphytically, in wet forests from sea level to about 8,800 ft. The genus was named for Dr. Francisco Sobral, a Spanish botanist.
Their reed-like stems range in height from about 1 ft (such as in Sobralia galeottiana) to 25-30 ft. They have typically heavily veined, bilobed, plicate, apical leaves all along the stem. The inflorescenses on the apex of the stem carry one or two successive ephemeral flowers with large sepals and petals. The short duration of the flower is caused by a self-digesting enzyme. The lip is entire or lobed and clasps the column at its base. This columns carries eight soft pollinia. These flowers range in color from pure white to yellow, green, pink, purple, red, brown, and even a blue violet.
Synonymy
The genera Cyathoglottis Poepp. & Endl., Fregea Rchb.f. and Lindsayella Ames & C.Schweinf. are generally included here.
Species
A few more commonly cited species:
- Sobralia decora - pink-lavender; from Mexico through Central America;
- Sobralia dichotoma - reddish-brown with white and pink lip; from the Andes;
- Sobralia fimbriata - white to cream or pale yellow, with fimbriate lip and petals; Andes;
- Sobralia macrantha - pink-magenta; from Mexico through Central America;
- Sobralia sessilis - pink-lavender; from South America;
- Sobralia xantholeuca - yellow; from Chiapas, Mex. and Guatemala;
Others:
- Sobralia allenii L.O.Williams 1942.
- Sobralia altissima D.E.Benn. & Christenson 1999.
- Sobralia amabilis Rchb.f. L.O.Williams 1946.
- Sobralia anceps Schltr. 1924.
- Sobralia antioquiensis Schltr. 1920.
- Sobralia atropubescens Ames & C.Schweinf. 1930 : Black-haired Sobralia
- Sobralia augusta Hoehne. 1944
- Sobralia aurantiaca Linden & Rchb.f. 1854
- Sobralia biflora Ruiz & Pav. 1798.
- Sobralia bimaculata Garay 1975 : 2-Spot Sobralia
- Sobralia bletiae Rchb.f. 1852.
- Sobralia boliviensis Schltr. 1913.
- Sobralia buchtienii Schltr. 1929.
- Sobralia calliantha D.E.Benn. & Christenson. 2001
- Sobralia caloglossa Schltr. 1929 : Beautiful-lipped Sobralia
- Sobralia candida Poepp. & Endl. Rchb.f. 1853 : White Sobralia
- Sobralia carazoi Lank. & Ames 1924.
- Sobralia cataractarum Hoehne 1910 : Cataract Sobralia
- Sobralia cattleya Rchb.f. 1877.
- Sobralia chatoensis A.H.Heller & A.D.Hawkes 1966.
- Sobralia chrysantha Lindl. 1854.
- Sobralia chrysoleuca Rchb.f. 1873.
- Sobralia chrysostoma Dressler 2001 : Golden Mouth Sobralia
- Sobralia ciliata C.Presl C.Schweinf. ex Foldats 1969 : Fine-haired Sobralia
- Sobralia crispissima Dressler 2002.
- Sobralia crocea Poepp. & Endl. Rchb.f. 1853 : Saffron-yellow Sobralia
- Sobralia decora Bateman 1842 : Beautiful Sobralia
- Sobralia densifoliata Schltr. 1920.
- Sobralia dichotoma Ruiz & Pav. 1798 : Two-piece Sobralia (type species)
- Sobralia dissimilis Dressler 1995.
- Sobralia dorbignyana Rchb.f. 1873.
- Sobralia doremiliae Dressler 1995.
- Sobralia ecuadorana Dodson 1998 : Ecuadorian Sobralia
- Sobralia exilis Schltr. 1920.
- Sobralia fimbriata Poepp. & Endl. 1836 : Fringed Sobralia
- Sobralia fragrans Lindl. 1853 : Fragrant Sobralia
- Sobralia fruticetorum Schltr. 1913.
- Sobralia galeottiana A.Rich. 1845 : Sitting Sobralia
- Sobralia gentryi Dodson 1998.
- Sobralia gloriana Dressler 2002.
- Sobralia gloriosa Rchb.f. 1873.
- Sobralia granitica G.A.Romero & Carnevali 2000.
- Sobralia hagsateri Dodson 1998.
- Sobralia hawkesii A.H.Heller 1966.
- Sobralia helleri A.D.Hawkes 1966.
- Sobralia herzogii Schltr. 1913 : Herzog's Sobralia
- Sobralia hirta D.E.Benn. & Christenson. 2001
- Sobralia hirtzii Dodson 2004 (Ecuador)
- Sobralia hoppii Schltr. 1924 : Hopp's Sobralia
- Sobralia infundibuligera Garay & Dunst. 1965 : Trumpet Sobralia
- Sobralia × intermedia P.H.Allen 1958.
- Sobralia kermesina Garay 1956.
- Sobralia kerryae Dressler 1998.
- Sobralia klotzscheana Rchb.f. 1850 : Klotzsch' Sobralia
- Sobralia labiata Warsz. & Rchb.f. 1852.
- Sobralia lancea Garay 1958 : Lanceolate Sobralia
- Sobralia leucoxantha Rchb.f. 1866 : White-yellow Sobralia
- Sobralia liliastrum Lindl. 1833 : Star-lily Sobralia
- Sobralia lindleyana Rchb.f. 1852.
- Sobralia lowii Rolfe 1890.
- Sobralia luerorum Dodson 1998.
- Sobralia luteola Rolfe 1898.
- Sobralia macdougallii Soto Arenas Pérez-García & Salazar 2002 publ. 2003.
- Sobralia macra Schltr. 1923.
- Sobralia macrantha Lindl. 1838 : Large-flowered Sobralia
- Sobralia macrantha var. kienastiana Rchb.f. 1888.
- Sobralia macrantha var. macrantha
- Sobralia macrophylla Rchb.f. 1852 : Large-leafed Sobralia
- Sobralia madisonii Dodson 1980.
- Sobralia maduroi Dressler 2004 (Colombia)
- Sobralia malmiana Pabst 1979.
- Sobralia malmquistiana Schltr. 1911.
- Sobralia margaritae Pabst 1977.
- Sobralia mariannae Dressler 2002.
- Sobralia mucronata Ames & C.Schweinf. 1925.
- Sobralia mutisii P.Ortiz 2004.
- Sobralia neudeckeri Dodson 1998.
- Sobralia nutans Dressler 2002.
- Sobralia odorata Schltr. 1924.
- Sobralia oliva-estevae Carnevali & I.Ramírez 1990.
- Sobralia oroana Dodson 1998.
- Sobralia paludosa Linden 1851.
- Sobralia paradisiaca Rchb.f. 1850.
- Sobralia pardalina Garay 1978.
- Sobralia parviflora L.O.Williams 1938.
- Sobralia persimilis Garay 1978.
- Sobralia pfavii Schltr. 1923.
- Sobralia piedadiae Dodson 1998.
- Sobralia portillae Christenson 2003.
- Sobralia powellii Schltr. 1922 : Powell's Sobralia
- Sobralia pulcherrima Garay 1978 : Very Beautiful Sobralia
- Sobralia pumila Rolfe 1893 : Dwarf Sobralia
- Sobralia purpurea Dressler 2000.
- Sobralia quinata Dressler 2003.
- Sobralia rigidissima Linden ex Rchb.f. 1854.
- Sobralia roezlii Rchb.f. 1873 : Roezl's Sobralia
- Sobralia rolfeana Schltr. 1922.
- Sobralia rondonii Hoehne 1910.
- Sobralia rosea Poepp. & Endl. 1836 : Rose-colored Sobralia
- Sobralia roseoalba Rchb.f. 1866.
- Sobralia ruckeri Linden & Rchb.f. 1854.
- Sobralia ruparupaensis D.E.Benn. & Christenson: 2001.
- Sobralia rupicola Kraenzl. 1908.
- Sobralia sancti-josephi Kraenzl. 1928.
- Sobralia sanfelicis Dressler 2004 (Panama)
- Sobralia schultzei Schltr. 1924.
- Sobralia scopulorum Rchb.f. 1873.
- Sobralia semperflorens Kraenzl. 1915.
- Sobralia setigera Poepp. & Endl. 1836.
- Sobralia sobralioides Kraenzl. Garay 1978.
- Sobralia speciosa C.Schweinf. 1961.
- Sobralia splendida Schltr. 1920.
- Sobralia stenophylla Lindl. 1854 : Thin-leafed Sobralia
- Sobralia stevensonii Dodson 1998.
- Sobralia tamboana Dodson 1998.
- Sobralia turkeliae Christenson 2002.
- Sobralia undatocarinata C.Schweinf. 1938.
- Sobralia uribei P.Ortiz 1994.
- Sobralia valida Rolfe 1909.
- Sobralia violacea Linden ex Lindl. 1846 : Violet Sobralia
- Sobralia virginalis Peeters & Cogn. 1899 : Virgin Sobralia
- Sobralia warszewiczii Rchb.f. 1852.
- Sobralia weberbaueriana Kraenzl. 1905.
- Sobralia wilsoniana Rolfe 1890.
- Sobralia withneri D.E.Benn. & Christenson: 2001 : Withner's Sobralia
- Sobralia xantholeuca B.S.Williams 1885 : Yellow-white Sobralia
- Sobralia yauaperyensis Barb. Rodr. 1891 : Yauaperi River Sobralia
Reference
Ortiz, V. P. 2004. - Las especies Colombianas de Sobralia Ruiz & Pav., seccion Sobralia. The Colombian species of Sobralia Ruiz & Pav., section Sobralia. Orquideologia 23(1): 49-65