Difference between revisions of "Lilium"
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+ | __NOTOC__{{Plantbox | ||
+ | | name = ''Lilium'' | ||
+ | | common_names = Lily | ||
+ | | growth_habit = ? <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc --> | ||
+ | | high = ? <!--- 1m (3 ft) --> | ||
+ | | wide = <!--- 65cm (25 inches) --> | ||
+ | | origin = ? <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc --> | ||
+ | | poisonous = <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous --> | ||
+ | | lifespan = <!--- perennial, annual, etc --> | ||
+ | | exposure = ? <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) --> | ||
+ | | water = ? <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak --> | ||
+ | | features = <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive --> | ||
+ | | hardiness = <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc --> | ||
+ | | bloom = <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers --> | ||
+ | | usda_zones = ? <!--- eg. 8-11 --> | ||
+ | | sunset_zones = <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available --> | ||
+ | | color = IndianRed | ||
+ | | image = 2000px_lillium_michiganese.jpg | ||
+ | | image_width = 240px <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical --> | ||
+ | | image_caption = Lilium michiganense | ||
+ | | regnum = Plantae | ||
+ | | divisio = Magnoliophyta | ||
+ | | classis = Liliopsida | ||
+ | | ordo = Liliales | ||
+ | | familia = Liliaceae | ||
+ | | genus = Lilium | ||
+ | }} | ||
{{Inc| | {{Inc| | ||
LILIUM (Latin, from the Greek name, said to be derived from the Celtic word li, meaning whiteness, referring to L.candidum). Liliaceae. Lily. Noble plants for outdoor bloom, and a few of them grown under glass. They comprise one of the distinctive flower forms, and the name lily is applied to many other plants. | LILIUM (Latin, from the Greek name, said to be derived from the Celtic word li, meaning whiteness, referring to L.candidum). Liliaceae. Lily. Noble plants for outdoor bloom, and a few of them grown under glass. They comprise one of the distinctive flower forms, and the name lily is applied to many other plants. | ||
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Early shipments of lilies arrive in tune to follow the last of the cold-storage bulbs. | Early shipments of lilies arrive in tune to follow the last of the cold-storage bulbs. | ||
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− | + | ==Cultivation== | |
+ | {{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line --> | ||
− | == | + | ===Propagation=== |
− | + | {{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line --> | |
− | + | ===Pests and diseases=== | |
+ | {{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line --> | ||
− | + | ===Classification of garden forms=== | |
− | == | + | [[Image:Lilium canadense.JPG|thumb|left|150px|Asiatic hybrid flower]] |
− | + | Numerous forms are grown for the garden, and most of these are hybrids. They vary according to their parent species, and are classified in the following broad groups{{wp}}; | |
− | + | *'''Species''' (Division IX). All natural species and naturally occurring forms are included in this group. {{wp}} | |
− | + | *'''Asiatic hybrids''' (Division I). These are plants with medium sized, upright or outward facing flowers, mostly unscented. They are derived from central and east Asian species. {{wp}} | |
− | + | *'''Martagon hybrids''' (Division II). These are based on ''L. martagon'' and ''L. hansonii''. The flowers are nodding, Turk's cap style (with the petals strongly recurved). {{wp}} | |
− | The | + | *'''Candidum hybrids''' (Division III). This includes hybrids of ''L. candidum'' with several other mostly European species. {{wp}} |
− | + | *'''American hybrids''' (Division IV). These are mostly taller growing forms, originally derived from ''L. pardalinum''. Many are clump-forming perennials with rhizomatous rootstocks. {{wp}} | |
− | + | *'''Longiflorum hybrids''' (Division V). These are cultivated forms of this species and its subspecies. They are most important as plants for cut flowers, and are less often grown in the garden than other hybrids. {{wp}} | |
− | }} | + | *'''Trumpet lilies''' (Division VI), including Aurelian hybrids. This group includes hybrids of many Asiatic species, including ''L. regale'' and ''L. aurelianse''. The flowers are trumpet shaped, facing outward or somewhat downward, and tend to be strongly fragrant, often especially night-fragrant. {{wp}} |
+ | *'''Oriental hybrids''' (Division VII). These are based on hybrids of ''L. auratum'' and ''L. speciosum'', together with crossbreeds from several mainland Asiatic species. They are fragrant, and the flowers tend to be outward facing. Plants tend to be tall, and the flowers may be quite large. An example is [[Lilium "Stargazer"]].{{wp}} | ||
+ | *'''Other hybrids''' (Division VIII). Includes all other garden hybrids.{{wp}} | ||
==Species== | ==Species== | ||
− | + | The following is a partial list of the recognised species{{wp}}. | |
− | The following is a partial list of the recognised species. | ||
{| | {| | ||
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− | + | {{Inc| | |
− | + | *Lilium albanicum, Griseb. Very similar to L. Jankae. Albania.{{SCH}} | |
+ | *L. Alexandrae, Baker (L. japonicum var. Alexandrae, Hort.). St. 2-3 ft. high: leaves scattered, 5-6 in. long, 1/2 - 3/4 in. wide: flowers trumpet-shaped, usually solitary, semi-erect, 5-6 in. long, nearly as wide, delicately fragrant., with waxy, pure white segms. shaded green at the base. Late June. July. Liu Kiu Isls. Possibly a hybrid between L. auratum and L. longiflorum.{{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Bakeri, Purdy (L. Purdyi, Waugh). Bulb similar to that of L. columbianum: st. 2-5 ft. high: leaves mostly verticillate: flowers 1-10, horizontal or semi-pendulous, slightly fragrant, with reflexed orange-red segms., spotted deep purple. Wash. and Brit. Col {{SCH}} | ||
+ | * L. Bakerianum (syn. L. Lowi). {{SCH}} | ||
+ | * L. Berensii, Hort. A garden hybrid between L. testaceum and L. chalcedonicum: st. 3-4 ft. high: flowers fragrant, similar to those of L. testaceum in size and shape, but brighter, and richer in color. Aug., early Sept.{{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Biondii, Hort. Resembles L. Maximowiczii: st. 3-4 ft. high: leaves scattered, linear: flowers several, pendulous, 2 1/2 in. across, with reflexed segms., orange-red spotted deep purple-black with reddish brown anthers. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. claptonense, Hort. (syn. L. primulinum). {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. davidii, Duch. Allied to L. concolor; st. 2-3 ft. high, with narrow, scattered leaves; flowers erect, solitary, star-shaped, orange, spotted purple. Thibet. L. Delavayi, Franch. flowers rosy crimson; belongs in subgenus Archelirion. China.{{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Daei, Hort. A garden hybrid, resembling L. longiflorum. desc, {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Duchartrei, Franch. St. about 3 ft. high, smooth: leaves lanceolate, acuminate, 2 1/2 in. long, 1/2 in. wide: flowers 1-7, pendulous, 3 in. diam., white, tinged rose outside, finely spotted inside. W. and S.W. China. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Fargesii. Franch. A Martagon with small yellow flowers China. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Farquhari, Hort. (syn. L. Sargentiae). {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. formasum, Franch. flowers erect, white, similar to those of L. elegans. China. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Glehnii, F. Schmidt. Differs only slightly from L. cordifolium. Japan. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Heldreichii, Baker. Intermediate between L. carniolicum and L. chalcedonicum: St. 2-3 ft. high, with narrow, scattered leaves and 1-4 bright orange-red flowers tinged yellow outside. Late June, July. Greece. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. kewense, Hort. A garden hybrid between L. Henryi and L. Browni var. Chloraster; resembles a small L. auratum in habit of growth and form of flowers, but the leaves are similar to those of L. Henryi; Flowers rich cream-color, fading to nearly white and with a deep creamy-yellow band through the center of each segm. July, Aug. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | * L. lankongense, Franch. Flowers purple, spotted black. Belongs in subgenus Martagon. Yunnan, China.{{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. lophaphorum, Franch. A Martagon about 1 ft. high, with canary-yellow flowers Western China. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Lawi, Baker (L. Bakerianum, Coll. & Hemal.). St. 2-3 ft. high: leaves scattered, narrow, erect: flowers 1-3, pendulous, bell-shaped, 3—4 in. long, nearly as wide, with slightly recurved ivory-white segms. spotted or blotched purple near the base inside and tinged green outside. Yunnan and N. Burma. -L.Masseyi, Hyams. A southern form of L. philadelphicum, differing but slightly. N. C. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Miquelianum, Makino. Said to be an improved form of L. medeoloides. Japan. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. mirabile, Franch. Similar to L. cordifolium. China.{{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. occident, Purdy. Resembles L. maritimum, but the segms. of the flowers are more reflexed: bulb rhizomatous: st. 2-4 ft. high: leaves usually verticillate, lower ones sometimes scattered: flowers 1-15, orange-yellow, tipped red, spotted purple. Calif. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. ochraceum, Franch. A yellow-flowered Martagon resembling L. monadelphum. China. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. oxypetalum, Baker. 1-1 1/2 ft. tall: leaves 20-30, scattered, lanceolate-linear: fl. wide funnel-shaped or nearly rotate, purplish, tinged with green beneath, somewhat dotted inside. W. Himalayas. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. papilliferum. Franch. A dwarf L. Maximowiczii, with orange-red flowers China.{{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Parkmannii. T. Moore. A hybrid between L. auratum and L. speciosum: St. slender, 2—4 ft. high: leaves scattered, alternate: flowers 8-12 in. diam. of the same shape as those of L. auratum, but colored like those of L. speciosum. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. panticum, Koch. Resembles L. monadelphum, but is smaller, seldom over 2 ft. high. Asia Minor. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | * L. primullinum, Baker (L. claptonense, Hort.) flowers pure primrose- yellow, trumpet-shaped, intermediate in form between those of L. neilgherrense and L. nepalense. N. Burma. .{{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Purdyi (syn. L. Bakeri).{{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Rasthernii, Diels. Belongs in subgenus Martagon. China. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. taliense, Franch. A tall-growing Martagon with white flowers China. L. thayerae, Wilson. Bulb 2-2 1/2 in. diam., ivory-white: st. 4 — 4.5 ft. high, clothed with long, linear leaves and usually bearing 16 or 17 flowers. W.China. Intro, as L. sutchuense.{{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. tubiflorum, Wight. Closely resembles L. neilgherrense, except the leaves and perianth-segms. are narrower. Himalaya Mts. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. Warei, Purdy. Said to be intermediate in character between L. pardalinum and L. Parryi: flowers fragrant, bright yellow, spotted deep purple. Calif. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. willmottiae, Wilson (L. warleyense, Hort.). St. about 4 ft. high: leaves numerous, spirally arranged, linear, 3-5 in. long: flowers 20 or more, pendulous, 3 in. diam.. recurved, orange-red, spotted reddish brown. China. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. yoshidaii, Leicht. Flowers fragrant, resembling those of L. Brownii. Philippine Isls. {{SCH}} | ||
+ | *L. yunnanense, Franch. St. 1-3 ft. high: flowers 1-3, small, pendulous, pink or nearly white. Yunnan, China.{{SCH}} | ||
+ | }} | ||
− | + | ==Gallery== | |
+ | {{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery --> | ||
− | + | <gallery> | |
− | + | Image:Upload.png| photo 1 | |
− | + | Image:Upload.png| photo 2 | |
− | + | Image:WhiteLily.jpg| (white Lily) | |
− | + | Image:Lilium auratum - pollen.jpg|Pollen of ''Lilium auratum'' (Oriental Lily) Back-scattered electron microscope image | |
− | + | </gallery> | |
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− | == | + | ==References== |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963 |
− | + | <!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 --> | |
− | + | <!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 --> | |
− | + | <!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 --> | |
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
− | * | + | *{{wplink}} |
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+ | {{stub}} | ||
+ | [[Category:Categorize]] | ||
− | + | <!-- in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions! --> | |
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Latest revision as of 19:10, 17 July 2009
Origin: | ✈ | ? |
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Exposure: | ☼ | ?"?" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property. |
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Water: | ◍ | ?"?" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property. |
Lilium > |
ExpandRead about Lilium in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture
|
---|
Cultivation
- Do you have cultivation info on this plant? Edit this section!
Propagation
- Do you have propagation info on this plant? Edit this section!
Pests and diseases
- Do you have pest and disease info on this plant? Edit this section!
Classification of garden forms
Numerous forms are grown for the garden, and most of these are hybrids. They vary according to their parent species, and are classified in the following broad groupswp;
- Species (Division IX). All natural species and naturally occurring forms are included in this group. wp
- Asiatic hybrids (Division I). These are plants with medium sized, upright or outward facing flowers, mostly unscented. They are derived from central and east Asian species. wp
- Martagon hybrids (Division II). These are based on L. martagon and L. hansonii. The flowers are nodding, Turk's cap style (with the petals strongly recurved). wp
- Candidum hybrids (Division III). This includes hybrids of L. candidum with several other mostly European species. wp
- American hybrids (Division IV). These are mostly taller growing forms, originally derived from L. pardalinum. Many are clump-forming perennials with rhizomatous rootstocks. wp
- Longiflorum hybrids (Division V). These are cultivated forms of this species and its subspecies. They are most important as plants for cut flowers, and are less often grown in the garden than other hybrids. wp
- Trumpet lilies (Division VI), including Aurelian hybrids. This group includes hybrids of many Asiatic species, including L. regale and L. aurelianse. The flowers are trumpet shaped, facing outward or somewhat downward, and tend to be strongly fragrant, often especially night-fragrant. wp
- Oriental hybrids (Division VII). These are based on hybrids of L. auratum and L. speciosum, together with crossbreeds from several mainland Asiatic species. They are fragrant, and the flowers tend to be outward facing. Plants tend to be tall, and the flowers may be quite large. An example is Lilium "Stargazer".wp
- Other hybrids (Division VIII). Includes all other garden hybrids.wp
Species
The following is a partial list of the recognised specieswp.
ExpandRead about Lilium in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture
|
---|
Gallery
If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.
References
- Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
External links
- w:Lilium. Some of the material on this page may be from Wikipedia, under the Creative Commons license.
- Lilium QR Code (Size 50, 100, 200, 500)