94,129
edits
Changes
no edit summary
Line 1:
Line 1:
−| regnum = [[Plant]]ae+| ordo = [[Saxifragales]]
−| familia = '''Grossulariaceae'''
−| genus = '''''Ribes'''''
−| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
−| subdivision_ranks = Species
−See text
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+''Ribes'' includes the currants, including the edible currants ([[blackcurrant]], [[redcurrant]] and [[whitecurrant]]), [[gooseberry|gooseberries]], and many [[ornamental plant]]s. The ''Ribes'' currant should not be confused with the [[Zante currant]], which is a kind of dried [[grape]].+
+Currants are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species; see [[list of Lepidoptera which feed on Ribes]].+Seven [[subgenus|subgenera]] are recognised. A few taxonomists place the gooseberry species in a separate genus, ''Grossularia'', despite the [[Jostaberry]] gooseberry/blackcurrant [[hybrid]].+;Selected species+*''[[Ribes aciculare]]'' Sm.+*''[[Ribes alpinum]]'' L. - Alpine Currant+*''[[Ribes ambiguum]]'' Maxim.+*''[[Ribes americanum]]'' Mill.+*''[[Ribes aureum]]'' Pursh - Golden Currant
−*''[[Ribes bracteosum]]'' Douglas ex Hook. - Californian Blackcurrant
−*''[[Ribes californicum]]'' Hook. & Arn.
−*''[[Ribes cereum]]'' Douglas - Squaw Currant or Wax Currant
−*''[[Ribes ciliatum]]'' Humb. & Bonpl.
−*''[[Ribes coloradense]]'' Cov.
−*''[[Ribes curvatum]]'' Small
−*''[[Ribes cynosbati]]'' L. - Prickly Gooseberry
−*''[[Ribes diacanthum]]'' Pall.
−*''[[Ribes distans]]'' Jancz.
−*''[[Ribes divaricatum]]'' Douglas
−*''[[Ribes echinellum]]'' (Cov.) Rehder - Miccosukee Gooseberry
−*''[[Ribes emodense]]'' Rehder
−*''[[Ribes fasciculatum]]'' Siebold & Zucc.
−*''[[Ribes fragrans]]'' Pall.
−*''[[Ribes gayanum]]'' (Spach) Steud.
−*''[[Ribes giraldii]]'' Jancz.
−*''[[Ribes glaciale]]'' Wallich
−*''[[Ribes glandulosum]]'' Grauer ex Weber - White currant
−*''[[Ribes glutinosum]]'' Benth.
−*''[[Ribes grossularioides]]'' Maxim. - Japanese Gooseberry
−*''[[Ribes hirtellum]]'' Michx. - North American Gooseberry
−*''[[Ribes hudsonianum]]'' Richards - Northern Blackcurrant
−*''[[Ribes indecorum]]'' Eastw. - White-flowered Currant
−*''[[Ribes inebrians]]'' Lindl.
−*''[[Ribes inerme]]'' Rydb.
−*''[[Ribes irriguum]]'' Douglas
−*''[[Ribes japonicum]]'' Maxim.
−*''[[Ribes lacustre]]'' (Pers.) Poir.
−*''[[Ribes lasianthum]]'' Greene
−*''[[Ribes laurifolium]]'' Jancz.
−*''[[Ribes laxiflorum]]'' Pursh
−*''[[Ribes leptanthum]]'' A.Gray
−*''[[Ribes lobbii]]'' A.Gray - Gummy Gooseberry
−*''[[Ribes longeracemosum]]'' Franch.
−*''[[Ribes luridum]]'' Hook. & Thoms.
−*''[[Ribes malvaceum]]'' Sm.
−*''[[Ribes mandschuricum]]'' (Maxim.) Komarov
−*''[[Ribes maximowiczii]]'' Batal.
−*''[[Ribes menziesii]]'' Pursh - Canyon Gooseberry
−*''[[Ribes meyeri]]'' Maxim.
−*''[[Ribes missouriense]]'' Nutt. - Missouri Gooseberry
−*''[[Ribes montigenum]]'' McClat.
−*''[[Ribes moupinense]]'' Franch.
−*''[[Ribes multiflorum]]'' Kit.
−*''[[Ribes nevadense]]'' Kellogg - Sierra Currant
−*''[[Ribes nigrum]]'' L. - [[Blackcurrant]]
−*''[[Ribes niveum]]'' Lindl.
−*''[[Ribes odoratum]]'' H.L.Wendl. - Buffalo Currant
−*''[[Ribes orientale]]'' Desf.
−*''[[Ribes oxyacanthoides]]'' L. - American Mountain Gooseberry
−*''[[Ribes petiolare]]'' Fisch.
−*''[[Ribes petraeum]]'' Wulf.
−*''[[Ribes pinetorum]]'' Greene
−*''[[Ribes procumbens]]'' Pall.
−*''[[Ribes pulchellum]]'' Turcz.
−*''[[Ribes quercetorum]]'' Greene
−*''[[Ribes roezlii]]'' Reg. - Sierra Gooseberry
−*''[[Ribes rotundifolium]]'' Michx.
−*''[[Ribes rubrum]]'' L. - [[Redcurrant]]
−*''[[Ribes sanguineum]]'' Pursh - Flowering Currant
−*''[[Ribes setosum]]'' Lindl.
−*''[[Ribes silvestre]]'' (Lam.) Mert. & Koch (syn. ''R. sativum'')
−*''[[Ribes speciosum]]'' Pursh - Fuchsia-flowered Gooseberry
−*''[[Ribes spicatum]]'' Robson - Nordic Redcurrant
−*''[[Ribes stenocarpum]]'' Maxim.
−*''[[Ribes triste]]'' Pall. - [[Northern Redcurrant]] or Swamp Redcurrant
−*''[[Ribes ussuriense]]'' Jancz.
−*''[[Ribes uva-crispa]]'' L. (syn. ''R. grossularia'') - [[Gooseberry]]
−*''[[Ribes viburnifolium]]'' A.Gray
−*''[[Ribes vilmorinii]]'' Jancz.
−*''[[Ribes viscosissimum]]'' Pursh
−*''[[Ribes warszewiczii]]'' Jancz.
−*''[[Ribes wolfii]]'' Rothr.
−*[http://www.uga.edu/fruit/ribes.htm Entry on ''Ribes'' at Mark Rieger's UGa fruit crops site]
−[[Category:Saxifragales]]+
{{Taxobox
+{{SPlantbox
−| color = lightgreen
+|familia=Grossulariaceae
−| name = Ribes
+|genus=Ribes
−| image = Gooseberry Ribes grossularia (detail).JPG
+|Min ht metric=cm
−| image_caption = ''Ribes uva-crispa'' ([[gooseberry]])
+|Temp Metric=°F
−|jumpin=This is the plant information box - for information on light; water; zones; height; etc. If it is mostly empty you can help grow this page by clicking on the edit tab and filling in the blanks!
−| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
+|image=Gooseberry Ribes grossularia (detail).JPG
−| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
+|image_width=240
−| subdivision =
−}}
}}
+'''''Ribes''''' is a [[genus]] of about 150 species of [[flowering plants]], usually treated as the only genus in the family '''Grossulariaceae'''. The genus is native throughout the temperate regions of the [[Northern Hemisphere]].
−'''''Ribes''''' is a [[genus]] of about 150 species of [[flowering plants]], usually treated as the only genus in the family '''Grossulariaceae'''. The genus is native throughout the temperate regions of the [[Northern Hemisphere]].
+''Ribes'' includes the currants, including the edible currants ([[blackcurrant]], [[redcurrant]] and [[whitecurrant]]), [[gooseberry|gooseberries]], and many [[ornamental plant]]s. The ''Ribes'' currant should not be confused with the [[Zante currant]] [[grape]].
+Seven [[subgenus|subgenera]] are recognised. A few taxonomists place the gooseberry species in a separate genus, ''Grossularia'', despite the [[Jostaberry]] gooseberry/blackcurrant [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrid]].
+There are restrictions on growing ''Ribes'' species in many US states as they are a host for [[White Pine Blister Rust]].
+{{Inc|
+Ribes (probably derived from ribas, the Arabic name for Rheum Ribes,
+or by some supposed to be the Latinized form of riebs, an old German
+word for currant). Saxifragaceae. Currant. Gooseberry. Woody plants
+partly grown for their edible fruits and partly for their handsome
+flowers, fruits, or foliage.
+Unarmed or prickly shrubs with deciduous or rarely evergreen foliage:
+lvs. alternate, often fascicled, simple, usually palmately lobed and
+mostly plaited in the bud: fls. perfect or in some species dioecious,
+5-merous, rarely 4-merous, in many-fld. to few-fld. racemes, or
+solitary; calyx-tube cylindric to rotate, like the sepals usually
+colored; petals usually smaller than the sepals, often minute, rarely
+entirely wanting; stamens alternating with the petals, shorter or
+longer than the sepals; ovary inferior, 1-celled; styles 1 or 2 (Fig.
+3401): fr. a many-seeded pulpy berry, crowned by the remains of the
+calyx. —About 150 species in the colder and temperate regions of N.
+and S. Amer., N. and Cent. Asia, Eu., and N. Afr. The genus is
+sometimes divided into two: the true Ribes with usually unarmed sts.,
+racemose fls., and jointed pedicels, and Grossularia (p. 1414) with
+prickly sts.; fls. solitary or in short 2-4-fld. racemes and with the
+pedicels not jointed. The most recent monograph of the genus is by
+Janczewski, Monographie des Groseilliers, 1907 (originally published
+in Mem. Soc. Phys. Nat. Hist. Geneve, 35:199-517, with 202 figs.),
+with important supplements in Bull. Acad. Sci. Cracovic, ser. B,
+1910-13. The N. American species are treated by Coville & Britton in
+North American Flora, 22:193-225 (1908) under the two genera Ribes and
+Grossularia. There are also descriptions and figures of the more
+important species in Card's Bush Fruits, 444-84, figs. 80-109 (1911).
+The currants and gooseberies are usually low, upright or less often
+procumbent deciduous, rarely evergreen shrubs with prickly or unarmed
+branches, small or medium-sized usually lobed leaves, with rather
+small solitary or racemose flowers often greenish or reddish and
+insignificant, but in some species white or brightly colored in shades
+of red, scarlet, orange or yellow; the fruits also are often
+attractive and either black, purple, scarlet, yellowish or greenish.
+The flowers appear in spring with the leaves, and the fruits ripen in
+June or July, but in R. fasciculatum they do not mature until
+September and remain on the branches all winter. Most species are
+hardy North except the evergreen ones; also R. sanguineum, R. Roezlii,
+R.
+Lobbii, R. viscosissimum are not quite hardy North. The tender R.
+speciosum with fuchsia-like bright red flowers is perhaps the most
+showy species of the genus, though also R. sanguineum, R. odoratum, R.
+Gordonianum, R. Roezlii, R. Lobbii, R. pinetorum, R. cereum, R.
+inebrians, R. niveum, and others are handsome in bloom, while some, as
+R. alpinum and R. fasciculatum, have ornamental scarlet fruits. They
+are well adapted for borders of shrubberies and, particularly the
+procumbent kinds, for planting on slopes. R. alpinum is excellent for
+shady places and as undergrowth. R. alpestre, a strong-growing and
+very spiny gooseberry from western China, may prove valuable as a
+hedge-plant. Many species bear edible fruits; the most important are
+the domestic currant, R. vulgare, and the European gooseberry, R.
+Grossularia; of less importance are the black currant, R. nigrum, the
+Buffalo or Missouri currant, R. odoratum, the European R. rubrum and
+some of the American gooseberries, as R. hirtellum, R. Cynosbati, R.
+oxyacanthoides, R. setosum, R. inerme. These plants are mostly of easy
+cultivation; they grow in any moderately good loamy soil, the
+gooseberries preferring as a rule drier and sunnier positions, while
+the currants like more humidity and grow well in partly shaded
+situations. Propagation is by seeds which germinate readily; also by
+hardwood cuttings in autumn and by greenwood cuttings in summer under
+glass; mound-layering in summer is sometimes practised; budding or
+grafting is usually resorted to only, if quick propagation of rare
+varieties is desired. In Europe, currants and gooseberries are
+sometimes grafted high on R. odoratum trained to one stem, to form
+little standard trees. See also Currant and Gooseberry for
+cultivation.
+}}
+==Cultivation==
+===Propagation===
+===Pests and diseases===
+==Varieties==
+Selected species:
+*''[[Ribes acerifolium]]'' <font size=1>T.J Howell</font> - Maple Currant, Mapleleaf Currant
+*''[[Ribes achurjani]]'' <font size=1>Mulk.</font>
+*''[[Ribes aciculare]]'' <font size=1>Sm.</font> - Needle-spined Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes acidum]]'' <font size=1>Turcz. ex Pojark.</font>
+*''[[Ribes acuminatum]]'' <font size=1>Wall. ex G.Don</font>
+*''[[Ribes affine]]'' <font size=1>Kunth</font>
+*''[[Ribes albifolium]]'' <font size=1>Ruiz & Pav.</font>
+*''[[Ribes albinervium]]'' <font size=1>Michx.</font>
+*''[[Ribes alpestre]]'' <font size=1>Wall. ex Decne.</font>
+*''[[Ribes alpestris]]'' <font size=1>(Decne) A.Berger</font> - Hedge Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes alpinum]]'' <font size=1>L.</font> - Alpine Currant
+*''[[Ribes altamirani]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes altissimum]]'' <font size=1>Turcz. ex Pojark.</font> - Tall Current
+*''[[Ribes amarum]]'' <font size=1>McClatchie</font> - Bitter Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes ambiguum]]'' <font size=1>Maxim.</font>
+*''[[Ribes americanum]]'' <font size=1>Mill.</font> - American Blackcurrant, Wild Blackcurrant
+*''[[Ribes amictum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font>
+*''[[Ribes andicola]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes aridum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font>
+*''[[Ribes armenum]]'' <font size=1>Pojark.</font>
+*''[[Ribes ascendens]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
+*''[[Ribes atropurpureum]]'' <font size=1>C.A.Mey.</font>
+*''[[Ribes aucheziense]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes aureum]]'' <font size=1>Pursh</font> - Golden Currant
+*''[[Ribes austroecuadorense]]'' <font size=1>Freire-Fierro</font>
+*''[[Ribes bethmontii]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes binominatum]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font> - Ground Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes bracteosum]]'' <font size=1>Douglas ex Hook.</font> - Californian Blackcurrant, Stink Currant, Stinky Currant
+*''[[Ribes burejense]]'' <font size=1>F.Schmidt</font>
+*''[[Ribes californicum]]'' <font size=1>Hook. & Arn.</font> - Hillside Gooseberry, California Gooseberry, Monterey Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes canthariforme]]'' <font size=1>Wiggins</font> - Moreno Currant
+*''[[Ribes cereum]]'' <font size=1>Douglas</font> - Squaw Currant, Wax Currant, White Field Currant, Whiskey Currant
+*''[[Ribes ciliatum]]'' <font size=1>Humb. & Bonpl.</font>
+*''[[Ribes coloradense]]'' <font size=1>Cov.</font> - Colorado Currant
+*''[[Ribes cruentum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Shinyleaf Currant, Oregon Currant
+*''[[Ribes curvatum]]'' <font size=1>Small</font> - Granite Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes cynosbati]]'' <font size=1>L.</font> - Prickly Gooseberry, Eastern Prickly Gooseberry, Dogberry, Dog Bramble
+*''[[Ribes diacanthum]]'' <font size=1>Pall.</font> - Siberian Currant
+*''[[Ribes dikuscha]]'' <font size=1>Fisch. ex Turcz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes distans]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font> - Scarlet Currant
+*''[[Ribes divaricatum]]'' <font size=1>Douglas</font> - Spreading Gooseberry, Wild Gooseberry, Coast Gooseberry, Coastal Black Gooseberry, Parish's Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes echinellum]]'' <font size=1>(Cov.) Rehder</font> - Miccosukee Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes emodense]]'' <font size=1>Rehder</font> - Smooth Rock Currant
+*''[[Ribes erythrocarpum]]'' <font size=1>Coville & Leiberg</font> - Crater Lake Currant
+*''[[Ribes fasciculatum]]'' <font size=1>Siebold & Zucc.</font> - Japanese Currant
+*''[[Ribes floridum]]'' <font size=1>L'Hér..</font>
+*''[[Ribes fragrans]]'' <font size=1>Pall.</font> - Fragrant-flowered Gooseberry, Sweet-flowered Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes fuscescens]]'' <font size=1>(Jancz.) Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes futurum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes gardonianum]]'' <font size=1>Lem.</font>
+*''[[Ribes gayanum]]'' (Spach) <font size=1>Steud.</font> - Leather-leaved Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes giraldii]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes glabricalycinum]]'' <font size=1>L.T.Lu</font>
+*''[[Ribes glabrifolium]]'' <font size=1>L.T.Lu</font>
+*''[[Ribes glaciale]]'' <font size=1>Wallich</font> - Glacier Currant
+*''[[Ribes glanduliferum]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
+*''[[Ribes glandulosum]]'' <font size=1>Grauer ex Weber</font> - [[White currant]], Skunk Currant, Fetid Currant
+*''[[Ribes glaucescens]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
+*''[[Ribes glutinosum]]'' <font size=1>Benth.</font>
+*''[[Ribes gongshanense]]'' <font size=1>T.C.Ku</font>
+*''[[Ribes goodingii]]'' <font size=1>M.E.Peck</font>
+*''[[Ribes gracile]]'' <font size=1>Michx.</font>
+*''[[Ribes grande]]'' <font size=1>Rose</font>
+*''[[Ribes grantii]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
+*''[[Ribes graveolens]]'' <font size=1>Bunge.</font>
+*''[[Ribes greeneianum]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
+*''[[Ribes griffithii]]'' <font size=1>Hook.f. & Thomson</font>
+*''[[Ribes grossularia]]'' <font size=1>L.</font>
+*''[[Ribes grossularioides]]'' <font size=1>Maxim.</font> - Japanese Gooseberry, Catberry
+*''[[Ribes guangxiense]]'' <font size=1>C.Z.Gao</font>
+*''[[Ribes hallii]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes haoi]]'' <font size=1>C.Y.Yang & Han</font>
+*''[[Ribes hartwegianum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes hendersonii]]'' <font size=1>C.L.Hitchc.</font>
+*''[[Ribes henryi]]'' <font size=1>Franch.</font>
+*''[[Ribes hesperium]]'' <font size=1>McClatchie</font>
+*''[[Ribes heterotrichum]]'' <font size=1>C.A.Mey.</font>
+*''[[Ribes himalense]]'' <font size=1>Royle ex Decne.</font>
+*''[[Ribes hirtellum]]'' <font size=1>Michx.</font> - North American Gooseberry, Hairystem Gooseberry, Currant Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes hirticaule]]'' <font size=1>J.F.Macbr.</font>
+*''[[Ribes hirtum]]'' <font size=1>Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.</font>
+*''[[Ribes hispidulum]]'' <font size=1>(Jancz.) Pojark.</font>
+*''[[Ribes hittellianum]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
+*''[[Ribes holocericeum]]'' <font size=1>Otto & A.Dietr.</font>
+*''[[Ribes horridum]]'' <font size=1>Rupr.</font> - Thorny Currant
+*''[[Ribes houghtonianum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes howellii]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font>
+*''[[Ribes hudsonianum]]'' <font size=1>Richards</font> - Northern Blackcurrant, Hudson Bay Currant, Western Blackcurrant
+*''[[Ribes humile]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes hunanense]]'' <font size=1>Chang Y.Yang & C.J.Qi</font>
+*''[[Ribes huronense]]'' <font size=1>Rydb.</font>
+*''[[Ribes hysterix]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
+*''[[Ribes incarnatum]]'' <font size=1>Wedd.</font>
+*''[[Ribes incertum]]'' <font size=1>J.F.Macbr.</font>
+*''[[Ribes indecorum]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font> - White-flowered Currant
+*''[[Ribes inebrians]]'' <font size=1>Lindl.</font>
+*''[[Ribes inerme]]'' <font size=1>Rydb.</font> - Whitestem Gooseberry, Klamath Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes integrifolium]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
+*''[[Ribes intermedium]]'' <font size=1>Tausch</font>
+*''[[Ribes irriguum]]'' <font size=1>Douglas</font>
+*''[[Ribes janczewskii]]'' <font size=1>Pojark.</font>
+*''[[Ribes japonicum]]'' <font size=1>Maxim.</font> - Japanese Blackcurrant, Thornless Blackcurrant
+*''[[Ribes jessoniae]]'' <font size=1>Stapf.</font>
+*''[[Ribes jorullense]]'' <font size=1>Kunth</font>
+*''[[Ribes kansuense]]'' <font size=1>K.S.Hao</font>
+*''[[Ribes kialanum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes koehneanum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes kolymense]]'' <font size=1>(Trautv.) Kom.</font>
+*''[[Ribes komarovii]]'' <font size=1>Pojark.</font>
+*''[[Ribes kunthii]]'' <font size=1>Berland.</font>
+*''[[Ribes laciniatum]]'' <font size=1>Hook.f. & Thomson</font>
+*''[[Ribes lacustre]]'' <font size=1>(Pers.) Poir.</font> - Black Gooseberry, Prickly Currant, Black Swamp Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes lasianthum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Alpine Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes latifolium]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font> - Broadleaf Currant
+*''[[Ribes laurifolium]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font> - Evergreen Currant
+*''[[Ribes laxiflorum]]'' <font size=1>Pursh</font> - Trailing Blackcurrant
+*''[[Ribes lehmannii]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes leiobotrys]]'' <font size=1>Koehne</font>
+*''[[Ribes lentum]]'' <font size=1>(M.E.Jones) Coville & Rose</font>
+*''[[Ribes leptanthum]]'' <font size=1>A.Gray</font> - Trumpet Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes leptosma]]'' <font size=1>(Coville) Fedde</font>
+*''[[Ribes leptosmum]]'' <font size=1>(Coville) Standl.</font>
+*''[[Ribes leucoderme]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
+*''[[Ribes lindeni]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes liouanum]]'' <font size=1>Kitag.</font>
+*''[[Ribes lioui]]'' <font size=1>C.Wang & Chang Y.Yang</font>
+*''[[Ribes lobbii]]'' <font size=1>A.Gray</font> - Gummy Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes longeracemosum]]'' <font size=1>Franch.</font> - Tibet Thornless Blackcurrant
+*''[[Ribes longiflorum]]'' <font size=1>Nutt.</font>
+*''[[Ribes lucarense]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
+*''[[Ribes luridum]]'' <font size=1>Hook. & Thoms.</font> - Purple Currant
+*''[[Ribes luteynii]]'' <font size=1>Weigend</font>
+*''[[Ribes macrobotrys]]'' <font size=1>Ruiz & Pav.</font>
+*''[[Ribes macrocalyx]]'' <font size=1>Hance</font>
+*''[[Ribes macrostachyum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes magellanicum]]'' <font size=1>Poir.</font>
+*''[[Ribes malvaceum]]'' <font size=1>Sm.</font> - Chaparral Currant
+*''[[Ribes malvifolium]]'' <font size=1>Pojark.</font>
+*''[[Ribes mandschuricum]]'' <font size=1>(Maxim.) Komarov</font> - Manchurian Redcurrant
+*''[[Ribes mariposanum]]'' <font size=1>Congdon</font>
+*''[[Ribes marshallii]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Hupa Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes maximowiczianum]]'' <font size=1>Kom.</font>
+*''[[Ribes maximowiczii]]'' <font size=1>Batal.</font>
+*''[[Ribes melananthum]]'' <font size=1>Boiss. & Hohen.</font>
+*''[[Ribes melancholicum]]'' <font size=1>Siev. ex Pall.</font>
+*''[[Ribes menziesii]]'' <font size=1>Pursh</font> - Canyon Gooseberry, Menzies' Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes mescalerium]]'' <font size=1>Coville</font> - Mescalero Currant
+*''[[Ribes mexicanum]]'' <font size=1>Spreng.</font>
+*''[[Ribes meyeri]]'' <font size=1>Maxim.</font> - Meyer's Currant
+*''[[Ribes micranthum]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
+*''[[Ribes microphyllum]]'' <font size=1>Kunth</font>
+*''[[Ribes migratorium]]'' <font size=1>Suksd.</font>
+*''[[Ribes missouriense]]'' <font size=1>Nutt.</font> - Missouri Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes mogollonicum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font>
+*''[[Ribes molle]]'' <font size=1>(A.Gray) Howell</font>
+*''[[Ribes montanum]]'' <font size=1>Howell</font>
+*''[[Ribes monticola]]'' <font size=1>K.Koch</font>
+*''[[Ribes montigenum]]'' <font size=1>McClat.</font> - Gooseberry Currant
+*''[[Ribes moupinense]]'' <font size=1>Franch.</font>
+*''[[Ribes multiflorum]]'' <font size=1>Kit.</font> - Manyflower Currant
+*''[[Ribes nanophyllum]]'' <font size=1>Freire-Fierro & L.Endara</font>
+*''[[Ribes neglectum]]'' <font size=1>Rose</font>
+*''[[Ribes nelsonii]]'' <font size=1>Coville & Rose</font>
+*''[[Ribes nemorosum]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
+*''[[Ribes nevadense]]'' <font size=1>Kellogg</font> - Sierra Currant, Jaeger's Currant, Nevada Currant
+*''[[Ribes nigrum]]'' <font size=1>L.</font> - [[Blackcurrant]], European Blackcurrant
+*''[[Ribes nitidissima]]'' <font size=1>Neger.</font>
+*''[[Ribes niveum]]'' <font size=1>Lindl.</font> - Snow Gooseberry, Slender-branched Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes non-scriptum]]'' <font size=1>(A.Berger) Standl.</font>
+*''[[Ribes occidentale]]'' <font size=1>Hook. & Arn.</font>
+*''[[Ribes odoratissimum]]'' <font size=1>M.McMahon ex True</font>
+*''[[Ribes odoratum]]'' <font size=1>H.L.Wendl.</font> - Buffalo Currant, Clove Currant
+*''[[Ribes oligacanthum]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
+*''[[Ribes orientale]]'' <font size=1>Desf.</font> - Siberian Currant
+*''[[Ribes orizabae]]'' <font size=1>Rose</font>
+*''[[Ribes ovalifolium]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes ovallei]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
+*''[[Ribes oxyacanthoides]]'' <font size=1>L.</font> - American Mountain Gooseberry, Canadian Gooseberry, Stream Gooseberry, Henderson's Gooseberry, Idaho Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes pachyadenium]]'' <font size=1>Hand.-Mazz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes pachysandroides]]'' <font size=1>Oliv.</font>
+*''[[Ribes palczewskii]]'' <font size=1>(Jancz.) Pojark.</font> - Palczjewski's Ribes
+*''[[Ribes pallidiflorum]]'' <font size=1>Pojark.</font>
+*''[[Ribes palmeri]]'' <font size=1>Vasey & Rose</font>
+*''[[Ribes panctatum]]'' <font size=1>Ruiz & Pav.</font>
+*''[[Ribes parishii]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
+*''[[Ribes parviflorum]]'' <font size=1>Wedd.</font>
+*''[[Ribes parvifolium]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
+*''[[Ribes parvulum]]'' <font size=1>(A.Gray) Rydb.</font>
+*''[[Ribes pauciflorum]]'' <font size=1>Turcz. ex Pojark.</font> - Few-flowered Ribes
+*''[[Ribes pensylvanicum]]'' <font size=1>Lam.</font>
+*''[[Ribes pentlandii]]'' <font size=1>Britton</font>
+*''[[Ribes peruvianum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes petiolare]]'' <font size=1>Fisch.</font>
+*''[[Ribes petraeum]]'' <font size=1>Wulf.</font> - Rock Currant, Rock Redcurrant, Bieberstein's Rock Currant
+*''[[Ribes pinetorum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Orange Currant
+*''[[Ribes polyanthum]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
+*''[[Ribes polystachyum]]'' <font size=1>A.Berger</font>
+*''[[Ribes praecox]]'' <font size=1>J.F.Macbr.</font>
+*''[[Ribes pringlei]]'' <font size=1>Rose</font>
+*''[[Ribes procumbens]]'' <font size=1>Pall.</font> - Trailing Redcurrant
+*''[[Ribes propinquum]]'' <font size=1>Turcz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes pseudofasciculatum]]'' <font size=1>K.S.Hao</font>
+*''[[Ribes pulchellum]]'' <font size=1>Turcz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes purpurascens]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
+*''[[Ribes purpusii]]'' <font size=1>Koehne ex Blank.</font>
+*''[[Ribes quercetorum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Rock Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes reclinatum]]'' <font size=1>L.</font>
+*''[[Ribes recurvatum]]'' <font size=1>Michx.</font>
+*''[[Ribes reniforme]]'' <font size=1>Nutt.</font>
+*''[[Ribes repens]]'' <font size=1>A.I.Baranov</font>
+*''[[Ribes roezlii]]'' <font size=1>Reg.</font> - Sierra Gooseberry, Roezl's Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes rosthornii]]'' <font size=1>Diels</font>
+*''[[Ribes rotundifolium]]'' <font size=1>Michx.</font> - Appalachian Gooseberry, Round-leaved Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes rubrisepalum]]'' <font size=1>L.T.Lu</font>
+*''[[Ribes rubrum]]'' <font size=1>L.</font> - [[Redcurrant]]
+*''[[Ribes rugosum]]'' <font size=1>Coville & Rose</font>
+*''[[Ribes ruizii]]'' <font size=1>Rehder.</font>
+*''[[Ribes sachalinense]]'' <font size=1>(F.Schmidt) Nakai</font>
+*''[[Ribes sanguineum]]'' <font size=1>Pursh</font> - Flowering Currant, Redflower Currant, Blood Currant, Sticky Blood Currant, Blackseed Blood Currant, Winter Currant
+*''[[Ribes sardoum]]'' <font size=1>Martelli</font> - Sardinian Currant
+*''[[Ribes saxatile]]'' <font size=1>Pall.</font>
+*''[[Ribes saximontanum]]'' <font size=1>E.E.Nelson</font>
+*''[[Ribes saxosum]]'' <font size=1>Hook.</font>
+*''[[Ribes scandicum]]'' <font size=1>Hedl.</font>
+*''[[Ribes scuphamii]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
+*''[[Ribes senile]]'' <font size=1>(Coville) Standl.</font>
+*''[[Ribes sericeum]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font> - Lucia Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes setchuense]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes setosum]]'' <font size=1>Lindl.</font> - Missouri Currant
+*''[[Ribes silvestre]]'' <font size=1>(Lam.) Mert. & Koch</font> (syn. ''R. sativum'') - Woodland Currant
+*''[[Ribes sinanense]]'' <font size=1>F.Maek.</font> - Chinese Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes soulieanum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes spathianum]]'' <font size=1>Koehne</font>
+*''[[Ribes speciosum]]'' <font size=1>Pursh</font> - Fuchsia-flowered Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes spicatum]]'' <font size=1>Robson</font> - Nordic Redcurrant, Nordic Currant, Downy Currant
+*''[[Ribes stanfordii]]'' <font size=1>Elmer</font>
+*''[[Ribes steinbachiorum]]'' <font size=1>Weigend & Binder</font>
+*''[[Ribes stenocarpum]]'' <font size=1>Maxim.</font> - Narrow-fruited Currant
+*''[[Ribes subvestitum]]'' <font size=1>Hook. & Arn.</font>
+*''[[Ribes sucheziense]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes suksdorfii]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
+*''[[Ribes takare]]'' <font size=1>D.Don</font>
+*''[[Ribes tenue]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes tenuiflorum]]'' <font size=1>Lindl.</font>
+*''[[Ribes texense]]'' <font size=1>(Coville & A.Berger) Standl.</font>
+*''[[Ribes thacherianum]]'' <font size=1>(Jeps.) Munz</font>
+*''[[Ribes tianquanense]]'' <font size=1>S.H.Yu & J.M.Xu</font>
+*''[[Ribes tolimense]]'' <font size=1>Cuatrec.</font>
+*''[[Ribes tortuosum]]'' <font size=1>Benth.</font>
+*''[[Ribes tricuspe]]'' <font size=1>Nakai</font>
+*''[[Ribes trifidum]]'' <font size=1>Michx.</font>
+*''[[Ribes trilobum]]'' <font size=1>Meyen.</font>
+*''[[Ribes tripartitum]]'' <font size=1>Batalin</font>
+*''[[Ribes triste]]'' <font size=1>Pall.</font> - [[Northern Redcurrant]] or Swamp Redcurrant, Wild Redcurrant
+*''[[Ribes tularense]]'' <font size=1>(Coville) Fedde.</font> - Tulare Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes turbinatum]]'' <font size=1>Pojark.</font>
+*''[[Ribes uniflorum]]'' <font size=1>T.C.Ku</font>
+*''[[Ribes urceolatum]]'' <font size=1>Tausch</font>
+*''[[Ribes ussuriense]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font> - Korean Blackcurrant
+*''[[Ribes utile]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes uva-crispa]]'' <font size=1>L.</font> (syn. ''R. grossularia'') - [[Gooseberry]], Wild Gooseberry, European Gooseberry, English Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes valdivianum]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
+*''[[Ribes valicola]]'' <font size=1>Greene ex Rydb.</font>
+*''[[Ribes van-fleetianum]]'' <font size=1>(A.Berger) Standl.</font>
+*''[[Ribes velutinum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Desert Gooseberry, Gooding's Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes viburnifolium]]'' <font size=1>A.Gray</font> - Island Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes victoris]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Victor's Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes vilmorinii]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes villosum]]'' <font size=1>Wall. ex Roxb.</font>
+*''[[Ribes viscosissimum]]'' <font size=1>Pursh</font> - Sticky Currant
+*''[[Ribes viscosum]]'' <font size=1>Ruiz & Pav.</font>
+*''[[Ribes vitifolium]]'' <font size=1>Host</font>
+*''[[Ribes vulgare]]'' <font size=1>Lam.</font>
+*''[[Ribes warszewiczii]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font> - Downy Currant
+*''[[Ribes watkinsii]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
+*''[[Ribes watsonianum]]'' <font size=1>Koehne</font> - Spring Gooseberry
+*''[[Ribes weberbaueri]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes weddellianum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
+*''[[Ribes wolfii]]'' <font size=1>Rothr.</font> - Wolf's Currant
+*''[[Ribes xizangense]]'' <font size=1>L.T.Lu</font>
+{{Inc|
+INDEX.
+acerifolium, 15. fructu-luteo, 9. opulifolium,18.
+aconitifolium, 9. fructu-viridi, 9. odoratum 1.
+albescens, 4. fuchsioides, 36. oxyacanthoides,24,
+albidum, 4 and suppl. fuscescens, 10. 26, 29.
+albinervium, 12. futurum, 15, suppl. pallidum, 16.
+alpestre, 32. giganteum, 32. palmatum, 1.
+alpinum, 18. glabellum, 16. pennsylvanicum, 8.
+americanum, 8. glabratum, 31. petraeum, 13.
+amictum, 34. glabrum, 30. pinetorum, 33.
+apiifolium, 9. glandulosum, 11. prostratum, 11.
+aridum, 34. glutinosum, 4 and pubescens, 16, 30.
+atropurpureum, 13. suppl. pubiflorum, 28.
+atrorubens 4. Gordonianum, 3. pumilum, 18.
+atrosanguineum, 4. Gouduinii, 15. Purpusii, 29.
+aureum, 1,2,18. gracile, 23, 26, 31. reclinatum, 30.
+bacciferum, 18. Grossularia, 30. reticulatum, 9.
+Beatonii, 3. heterophyllum, 9. rignes, 11.
+Berlandieri, 7. hirtellum, 26, 29. Roezlii, 34.
+Biebersteinii, 13. holosericeum, 16. rotundifolium, 23, 27.
+Billiardii, 17. hortense, 15. rubrum, 15, 16.
+bracteosum, 10. Houghtonianum, 15. rusticum, 26.
+Brocklebankii, 4. humile, 18. sanguineum, 4.
+bullatum, 13. inebrians, 7. sativum, 15.
+carneum, 4, 6. inerme, 29, 31. saxatile, 19.
+carpathicum, 13. irriguum, 28, 29, saximontanum, 25.
+caucasicum, 13. suppl. saxosum, 26.
+cereum, 6. japonicum, 17. scandicum, 16.
+chinense, 17. jasminiflorum, 2. Schlechtendalii, 16.
+chlorocarpum, 9. Koehneanum, 15. setosum, 25.
+chrysococcum, 2. laciniatum, 9, 18. Spaethianum, 7.
+crispum, 9. lacustre, 20. speciosum, 36.
+cruentum, 34. leiobotrys, 2. splendens, 4.
+curvatum, 22. Lobbii, 35. sterile, 18.
+Cynosbati, 31. longiflorum, 1. sylvestre, 16.
+diacantha, 19. Loudonii, 3. tenuiflorum, 2.
+dissectum, 9. macrobotrys, 13. triflorum, 27.
+divaricatum, 28. macrocarpum, 15. triste, 12.
+Douglasii, 28. marmoratum, 9. Uva-crispa, 30.
+farinosum, 6. missouriense, 1,8,23. variegatum, 9, suppl.
+fasciculatum, 17. montanum, 28. villosum, 28.
+flore-pleno, 4. multiflorum, 14. viscosissimum, 5.
+floridum, 8. nevadense, 29. vulgare, 15.
+foliis-aureis, 18. nigrum, 9. Wilsonianum, 34.
+fragrans, 1. niveum, 21. xanthocarpum, 9.
−R. aciculare, Smith. Allied to R. Grossularia. Spiny shrub: branches
+slender, bristly: lvs. 3-5-lobed, usually glabrous, about 1 in. broad:
+fls. pinkish; sepals reflexed; style glabrous: fr. smooth, rarely
+hispid, red or greenish yellow. Cent. Siberia, Altai Mts. The earliest
+gooseberry to burst into leaf.—R. affine, Douglas= R. laxiflorum.—R.
+albidum, Paxt.=R. glutinosum albidum.—R. ambiguum, Maxim. Low unarmed
+shrub: lvs. roundish, 3-5- lobed, with short. obtuse lobes,
+viscid-glandular beneath, to 2 in. broad: fls. 1-2, greenish; tube
+saucer-shaped; stamens shorter than sepals: fr. green,
+glandular-bristly. Japan.—R. ambiguum, Wats.=R. Watsonianum.—R.
+burejense, F. Schmidt. Allied to R. alpestre. Spiny and bristly shrub,
+to 3 ft.: lvs. deeply 3-5-lobed, pubescent and glandular, to 2 in.
+broad: fls. 1-2, reddish brown or pale: fr. greenish, prickly. N. E.
+Asia.—R. californicum, Hook. & Arn.=R. occidentale.—R, Carrierei,
+Schneid. (R. intermedium, Carr., not Tausch. R. glutinosum albidum X
+R. nigrum). Intermediate between the parents: lvs. without the odor of
+R. nigrum: fls. pink, glandular, in horizontal racemes to 3 in. long:
+fr. black, not bloomy. Originated with Billiard at
+Fontenay-aux-Roses., France.—R. cognalum, Greene (R. palousense,
+Elmer). Allied to R. oxyacanthoides. Spiny shrub to 10 ft., sometimes
+without bristles: fls. 2-5. white or whitish; calyx-tube cylindric,
+longer than sepals; stamens about half as long as sepals: fr. smooth.
+Wash., Ore.—R. coloradense, Cov. (R. laxiflorum var. coloradense,
+Jancz.). Allied to R. glandulosum. Unarmed procumbent shrub: lvs.
+usually 5-lobed: sepals longer, glandular-pubescent outside: fr.
+black, not bloomy. Colo.—R. Culverwelli, Macfarlane (R. Schneideri,
+Maurer. R. nigrum X R. Grossularia). Unarmed shrub: fls. similar to
+those of R. nigrum; the glandless lvs. and the infl. resembling those
+of the gooseberry: fr. dark red, hairy. G.C. III. 12:271; 44:120.
+J.H.S. 28, pp. 169-73. Originated in England and afterward also in
+Germany. Var. wollense (R. wollense, Bean). Lvs. with a few glands
+beneath: fr. glabrous, shining black.—R. dikuscha, Fisch. Allied to R.
+bracteosum. Unarmed shrub: lvs. 3-5-lobed, glabrous, glandular
+beneath, to 5 in. broad: fls. white, tomentose, in upright racemes to
+3 in. long; bracts linear, small: fr. bluish black, slightly bloomy.
+E. Siberia.—R. erythrospermum, Cov. & Leiberg. Allied to R.
+glandulosum. Unarmed prostrate shrub: lvs. deeply 3-5-lobed, finely
+pubescent and glandular: racemes erect, (6-10-fld.; bracts about as
+long as pedicels; fls. yellow or salmon-colored: fr. glandular-hairy,
+scarlet. Ore. G.F. 10:184.—R. fontenayense. Jancz. (R. sanguineum
+fontenayense, Hort. R. Grossularia X R.sanguineum). Intermediate
+between the parents: unarmed shrub: lvs. subcoriaceous, pubescent
+beneath: racemes horizontal or pendulous, stalked, 3-6-fld.; fls.
+vinous-red, pubescent: fr. purplish black. Originated in France with
+Billiard at Fontenay-aux-Roses.—R. futurum, Jancz. (R. vulgare X R.
+Warscewiczii). Intermediate between the parents: fls. brownish red or
+pinkish: fr. dark red. Raised by Janczewski at Lemberg, Galicia.—R.
+Gayanum, Steud. (R. villosum. Gay, not Nutt. R. trilobum, Mey.).
+Evergreen unarmed shrub, to 4 ft., with pubescent branches: lvs.
+slightly 3-lobed, pubescent, 1-2 in. across: fls. dioecious, yellow,
+honey-scented, in erect dense pubescent racemes 1-2 in. long: fr.
+purple-black, hairy. Chile. B.M. 7611. Not hardy North.—R. Giraldii,
+Jancz. Allied to R. diacantha. Spiny shrub, to 2 ft., with spreading
+bristly branches: lvs. 3-5-lobed, the middle lobe longer, pubescent
+and glandular, about 1 1/2 in. broad: fls. dioecious, brownish, in
+upright racemes: fr. scarlet, glandular-bristly. N. W. China.—R.
+glaciale, Wall. Allied to R. alpinum. Unarmed shrub, to 15 ft.: lvs.
+cordate to truncate, 3-5-lobed, the middle lobe elongated,
+acute or acuminate, glandular, to 2 1/3 in. long: fls. dioecious,
+greenish
+white or purplish, in upright racemes: fr. glabrous, scarlet, finally
+black. Himalayas, W. China.—R. glutinosum, Benth. (R. sanguineum var.
+glutinosum, Loud.). Allied to R. sanguineum. Unarmed shrub, to 12 ft.,
+with glandular-viscid pubescence: lvs. cordate, 3-5-lobed, glandular
+beneath, otherwise nearly glabrous,to 4 in. broad: racemes pendulous, to 4 in. long; bracts recurved; fls. pink-carmine: fr. black, glandular-hairy. Calif. Var. albidum,
+Jancz. (R. sanguineum albidum, Kirchn. R. albidum, Paxt.). Fls. white,
+tinged pinkish, often confused with R. sanguineum var.
+albescens, which see.—R. Henryi, Franch. Evergreen unarmed shrub,
+glandular: lvs. elliptic, crenulate, to 4 in. long: fls. dioecious,
+small, greenish; pistillate racemes 7-9-fld., with large green bracts:
+fr. oblong, green, glandular. Cent. China.—R. himalayense, Decne.Allied to R. petraeum. Unarmed shrub, to 12 ft.: lvs. cordate, 3-5-lobed, with acute or obtusish lobes, glandular above, pubescent or glabrous beneath, to 5 in. broad: fls. greenish, tinged purple, in
+racemes to 5 in. long, broadly campanulate: fr. red or black.
+Himalayas, W. China.—R. hudsonianum, Rich. Allied to R. bracteosum.
+Unarmed shrub: lvs. 3-5-lobed, resinous-dotted beneath, 1 1/2-4 in.
+broad: fls. white, in loose racemes about 2 in. long; bracts
+setaceous, as long as the pedicel: fr. black, smooth. Hudson Bay to
+Alaska, south to N. Minn. B.B. (ed. 2) 2:237.— R. intergrifolium,
+Philippi. Evergreen unarmed shrub, to 3 ft.: lvs.
+coriaceous, lanceolate, dentate above the middle, glabrous, 1-1 2/4in.
+long: fls. dioecious, yellow, in pendent racemes 2/4-1 1/4 in. long:
+fr. small, purplish black. Chile; not hardy North. Gt. 30:1047.—R.
+irriguum, Douglas. Allied to R. oxyacanthoides. Spiny shrub, to 10
+ft., usually without bristles: lvs. 3-5-lobed, 1-2 1/2 in. broad: fls.
+whitish, the peduncle exceeding the bud-scales; sepals nearly twice as
+long as tube; stamens about as long as petals: fr. smooth. Brit. Col.
+to Ore., Mont., Idaho. Has been confused with R. cognatum, R.
+divaricatum, and R. inerme, which see.—R. japonicum, Maxim. Allied to
+R. bracteosum. Shrub, to 6 ft.: branchlets hairy: lvs. cordate,
+5-lobed, pubescent and glandular beneath, to 6 in. broad: fls.
+greenish or brownish, tomentose and glandular, in upright racemes to 8
+in. long; bracts linear: fr. black, smooth. Japan.—R. latifolium,
+Jancz. All ed to R. petraeum. Unarmed shrub, to 6 ft.: lvs. 3-5-lobed,
+with acute lobes, glabrous or glandular-hairy, to 7 in. broad: fls. in
+racemes to 3 1/2 in. long, blood-red, campanulate: fr. red, rather
+large. Japan, Manchuria.—R. laurifolium, Jancz. Evergreen shrub, to 6
+ft.: lvs. coriaceous, ovate to ovate-oblong, crenate-serrate,
+glabrous, 2—4 in. long: fls. dioecious, greenish, flat; stamens and
+petals much shorter than sepals; staminate racemes pendulous, 1-1 3/4
+in. long; pistillate upright, 2/4in.
+long: fr. ellipsoid, 2/3in. long, pubescent, reddish. W. China. B.M.
+8543. G.C. III. 55:239. Gn. 76, p. 143; 79, pp. 170, 171. J.H.S. 38,
+p. 54, fig. 36. Not hardy North.—R. laxiflorum, Pursh. Allied to R.
+glandulosum. Unarmed procumbent shrub: lvs. deeply
+5-lobed, slightly pubescent beneath, 2-4 in. broad: racemes
+upright-spreading; sepals longer, pubescent, but not glandular: fr.
+dark purple, bloomy, glandular. Alaska to N. Calif. Var. coloradense,
+Jancz.=R. coloradense.—R. lentum, Cov. & Rose=R. montigenum.—R.
+leptanthum, Gray. Spiny slender shrub, to 4 ft.; branchlets slightly
+pubescent: lvs. usually truncate, deeply 3-5-lobed, glabrous or
+pubescent, 1/4-3/4in. broad: fls. 1-3, white, tinged with pink;
+calyx-tube cylindric; sepals reflexed: fr. black, lustrous.
+Colo., Utah, New Mex. and Ariz. Gt. 53, p. 409. Graceful small shrub.
+Var. quercetorum, Jancz.=R. quercetorum.—R. longeracemosum, Franch.
+Allied to R. petraeum. Unarmed shrub, to 10 ft.: lvs. cordate,
+3-5-lobed. with acute or acuminate lobes, glabrous, to 6 in. broad:
+racemes pendulous, to 12 in. long, thinly set with greenish or pinkish
+fls.; calyx-tube broadly campanulate: sepals upright; bracts oval,
+half as long as the slender pedicels, persistent: fr. black, edible.
+W. China. Var. Wilsonii, Jancz. Young branchlets red: racemes shorter;
+fls. salmon-red. Cent. China.—R.
+luridum, Hook. f. & Thom. Allied to R. alpinum. Unarmed shrub;
+branchlets glabrous, red: lvs. 3-5-lobed, with obtusish lobes,
+glabrous or nearly so, glandular, to 2 in. broad: fls. dioecious, dark
+purple, in upright racemes, the staminate 1-2 in. long, the pistillate
+shorter: fr. black, glabrous. Himalayas, W. China.—R. malvaceum, Smith
+(R. sanguineum malvaceum, Loud.). Allied to R. sanguineum. Unarmed
+shrub: lvs. rough above, grayish tomentose and glandular beneath: fls.
+pink or purple, smaller, white-pubescent and glandular; tube longer
+than the sepals: fr. viscid-pubescent. Calif.—R. Marshallii, Greene.
+Allied to R. Lobbii. Spiny shrub with puberulent branchlets: lvs.
+deeply cordate, 3-5-lobed, glabrous, 1-1 1/2 in. wide: fls. solitary,
+large, purplish; sepals 1/2-2/3in. long; stamens slightly longer;
+petals salmon-pink: fr. purplish black, prickly. Calif.—R.
+Maximowiczii, Batal. Allied to R. alpinum. Shrub, to 10 ft.;
+branchlets pubescent: lvs. slightly 3-5-lobed, middle lobe much
+longer, or undivided and ovate, pubescent on both sides, 1 1/2-4 in.
+long: fls. dioecious, in upright racemes 1-2 in. long: fr.
+glandular-hairy, red. N. W. China.—R. Menriesii, Pursh (R.
+subvestitum, Hook. & Arn.). Allied to R. Lobbii. Spiny shrub, to 6
+ft.; branchlets pubescent and bristly: lvs. deeply 3-5-lobed,
+pubescent and glandular beneath, 1-2 in. broad: fls. purple, with
+white petals; stamens as long as the sepals, with ovate-lanceolate
+anthers: fr. glandular-bristly. Ore. to Calif. G.C. III. 45:242. R.H.
+1908, p. 31.—R. Meyeri, Maxim. Allied to R. petraeum. Unarmed shrub,
+to 10 ft.: lvs. usually 5-lobed, with acutish lobes, glabrous or
+glandular-hairy above, to 3 1/2 in. broad: racemes horizontal, lax, to
+2 in. long: fls. purplish, nearly sessile, small, with upright sepals:
+fr. black, lustrous. Cent. Asia, W. China. Var. turkestanicum, Jancz.
+Lvs. obtusely lobed: racemes longer; fls. blood-red. Turkestan.—R.
+mogollonicum, Greene=R. Wolfii.—R. molle, Howell, not Poepp.=R.
+montigenum.—R. montigenum, McClatchie (R. lacustre var. molle, Gray.
+R. lentum, Cov. & Rose). Allied to R. lacustre. Sts. bristly: lvs.
+pubescent and glandular: racemes few-fld.: fr. red, glandular-bristly,
+edible. Wash. to Mont., Idaho to New Mex.—R. moupinense, Franch.
+Allied to R. petraeum. Shrub, to 15 ft.: lvs. 3-5-lobed, with acute or
+acuminate lobes, sparingly glandular, otherwise glabrous, to 6 in.
+broad: racemes pendulous, loose, 1 1/2-5 in. long; fls. greenish
+tinged with red, or red; sepals upright: fr. black, lustrous. W.
+China.-R. nevadense, Kellogg R. sanguineum var. variegatum, Wats. R.
+variegatum, A. Nelson). Allied to R. sanguineum. Unarmed shrub: lvs.
+thin, 3-5-lobed, sparingly pubescent or glabrous: fls. smaller,
+rose-colored; sepals about twice as long as the tube; petals white:
+fr. blue, glaucous. Ore., Calif., Nev.—R. occidentale, Hook. & Arn.
+(R. californicum, Hook. & Arn.). Allied to R. Roezlii. Spiny shrub, to
+6 ft.: lvs. usually 5-lobed, glabrous or nearly so, about 1 in. broad:
+fls. green or purplish; calyx-tube about as long as broad; sepals
+glabrous, except a tuft of hairs at the apex; stamens as long as
+sepals: fr. prickly. Cent. Calif.—R. orientale, Desf. Allied to R.
+alpinum. Unarmed shrub, to 6 ft.: young growth glandular-viscid: lvs.
+lustrous above, pubescent beneath: fls. dioecious, greenish, tinged
+with red, glandular, in upright racemes 1-2 in. long: fr. red,
+pubescent. S. E. Eu., W. Asia. B.M. 1583 (as R. resinosum).—R.
+palousense, Elmer=R. cognatum.—R. pulchellum, Turcz. Allied to R.
+diacantha. Spiny shrub, to 6 ft., glabrous: lvs. truncate to
+subcordate, deeply 3-lobed, to 2 in. broad: fls. purplish, in upright
+racemes, the staminate to 2 1/3 in. long, the pistillate shorter: fr.
+large, red, glabrous. N. China, Transbaikal.—R. quercetorum, Greene.
+Spiny slender shrub, sometimes bristly: lvs. 3-5-cleft, finely
+pubescent or usually glabrous, 1/3-3/4in. long: fls. 2-3, pale
+yellowish with short-cylindric tube; petals shorter than the sepals, a
+little longer than the stamens: fr. smooth, purple. Cent. Calif. to
+Low. Calif.—R. resinosum, Pursh=R. orientale. —R. robustum, Jancz. (R.
+niveum X R. hirtellum). Intermediate between the parents. Spiny
+vigorous shrub, only the stronger shoots bristly: fls. white or
+pinkish, but sepals broader and shorter and filaments shorter and less
+pubescent than in R. niveum: fr. black. Origin unknown.—R. Saundersii,
+Jancz. (R. hudsonianum X R. nigrum). Intermediate between the parents:
+fls. pink, fading to whitish: fr. black. Originated in Ottawa.—R.
+stenocarpum, Maxim. Allied to R. alpestre. Spiny shrub, often bristly:
+lvs. cordate, 3-5-lobed, glabrous or pubescent, about 1 1/2in. across:
+fls. 1-3, short-peduncled, reddish or pale; calyx-tube campanulate,
+shorter than the reflexed sepals; stamens scarcely longer than petals:
+fr. oblong, 3/4-1 in. long, glabrous or hispid. N. W. China.—R.
+subvestitum, Hook. & Arn.=R. Menziesii.—R. succirubrum, Zabel (R.
+niveum X R. divaricatum). Intermediate between the parents. Lvs.
+similar to those of R. niveum: fls. pink or pinkish; stamens 1 1/2
+times as long as sepals: fr. black, slightly pruinose. Originated at
+Gotha, Germany.—R. tenue, Jancz. Allied to R. alpinum. Unarmed slender
+shrub: lvs. 3-5-lobed, lobes acute, incisely dentate, the middle one
+longer, glandular, to 1 1/2 in. long: fls. reddish brown or greenish,
+dioecious, in upright racemes: fr. red. Cent. and W. China,
+Himalayas.—R. trilobum, Mey.=R. Gayanum.— R. urceolatum, Tausch (R.
+multiflorum X R. petraeum). Intermediate between the parents. Fls.
+reddish: fr. red. Origin unknown.—R. utile, Jancz. (R. Cynosbati X R.
+Grossularia). Intermediate between the parents. Lvs. similar to R.
+Grossularia: fls. slightly pubescent; ovary glabrous: fr. purplish,
+sometimes with a few spines. A more detailed description will be found
+under the name of "Mountain" in G.F. 9:456. It originated with the
+Shakers of lebanon, N. Y.—R. variegatum, A. Nelson=R. nevadense.—R.
+viburnifolium, Gray. Evergreen, unarmed, aromatically scented shrub,
+to 8 ft.: branchlets glandular: lvs. ovate or oval, obtuse, coarsely
+toothed, glossy above, resinous-dotted beneath, 3/4-1 3/4 in. long:
+fls. dark pink, in upright racemes: fr. ovoid, red. Low. Calif., Santa
+Catalina Isl. B.M. 8094.—R. villosum, Gay, not Nutt.=R. Gayanum.— R.
+Vilmorinii, Jancz. Allied to R. alpinum. Unarmed shrub, to 6 t.: lvs.
+3-5-lobed with obtuse or acutish lobes, glandular above, about 1 in.
+broad: fls. dioecious in short upright racemes, greenish or tinged
+reddish brown: fr. small, black, glabrous or glandular. W. China.—R.
+Warsce-wizcii, Jancz. Allied to R. rubrum. Unarmed shrub, to 6 ft.:
+Lvs. slightly 3-5-lobed, slightly pubescent below, to 4 in. broad:
+fls. larger, pinkish, in pendent racemes 2 in. long: fr. larger,
+purplish black, very acid. E. Siberia.—R. Watsonianum, Koehne (R.
+ambiguum, Wats., not Maxim.). Allied to R. pinetorum. Spiny shrub,
+upright or ascending: branches glandular, not bristly: lvs. deeply
+3-5-lobed, sparingly pubescent on the veins, 1-2 in. broad: fls.
+pinkish, pubescent; petals white, one-fourth shorter than sepals;
+stamens as long as petals: fr. greenish, prickly. Wash.—R. Wolfii,
+Rothr. (R. mogollonicum, Greene). Allied to R. sanguineum. Unarmed
+shrub, to 10 ft.: lvs. 3-5-lobed, pubescent on the veins and glandular
+beneath, 2—3 1/2 in. broad: fls. greenish white, in upright
+long-stalked racemes, 1-1 1/2 in. long: fr. black, bloomy,
+glandular-bristly. Colo., Utah, New Mex., Arix. B.M. 8120.—R.
+wollense, Bean=R. Culverwellii var. wollense.
+}}
−==Gallery==
−<gallery perrow=5>
+Image:Upload.png| photo 1
+Image:Upload.png| photo 2
+Image:Upload.png| photo 3
+</gallery>
−==References==
−<references/>
−*''[[Ribes alpestris]]'' (Decne) A.Berger - Hedge Gooseberry
+*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
−<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
−<!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 -->
−<!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 -->
−*''[[Ribes burejense]]'' F.Schmidt
−*''[[Ribes henryi]]'' Franch.
−*''[[Ribes tenue]]'' Jancz.
−==External link==
+==External links==
−{{commons|Ribes}}
+*{{wplink}}
−{{stub}}
+__NOTOC__