Difference between revisions of "Ulmus thomasii"

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|common_name=Cork Elm, Rock Elm
 
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'''''Ulmus thomasii''''' <small>Sarg.</small>, the '''Rock Elm''' or '''Cork Elm''', is a [[deciduous]] tree native primarily to the [[Midwestern]] [[United States]]. The tree ranges from southern [[Ontario]] and [[Quebec]], south to [[Tennessee]], west to northeastern [[Kansas]], and north to [[Minnesota]].<ref>http://esp.cr.usgs.gov/data/atlas/little/ulmuthom.pdf</ref> Its preferred habitat is moist but well-drained sandy loam, loam, or silt loam soil, mixed with other [[hardwood]]s; it is moderately shade-tolerant [http://forestry.about.com/library/silvics/blsilulmtho.htm]. However, it also grows on dry uplands, especially on rocky ridges and [[limestone]] bluffs.
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The tree grows from 15-30 m tall and may live up to 300 years. Where forest-grown, the crown is cylindrical and upright with short branches, and is narrower than most other elms. Rock Elm is also unusual among elms in that it usually has a [[monopodial]] growth habit. <ref name=Bean> Bean, W. J. (1981). ''Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain'', 7th edition. Murray, London. </ref>. The [[bark]] is grey-brown and deeply furrowed into scaly, flattened ridges. Many older branches have 3-4 irregular thick corky wings. It is for this reason the Rock Elm is sometimes called the Cork Elm.
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The [[leaf|leaves]] are 5 - 10 cm long and 2 - 5 cm wide, [[leaf shape|oval]] to [[leaf shape|obovate]] with a round, symmetrical base and acuminate apex. The leaf surface is shiny dark green, turning bright yellow in autumn; the  underside is pubescent. The [[perfect flower|perfect]] [[apetalous]], wind pollinated [[flower]]s are red-green and appear in racemes < 40 mm long two weeks before the leaves from March to May, depending on the tree's location. The [[fruit]] is a broad ovate [[Samara (fruit)|samara]] 13 - 25 mm long covered with fine hair, notched at the tip, and maturing during May or June to form drooping clusters at the leaf bases. <ref name=White>White, J & More, D. (2003). ''Trees of Britain & Northern Europe''. Cassell's, London.</ref>.
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Ulmus racemosa, Thomas, not Borkh. (U. Thomasii, Sarg.). Cork Elm. Rock Elm. Tree, attaining 100 ft., with short spreading branches, forming an oblong round-topped head: branchlets pubescent usually until the second year and mostly irregularly corky winged when older: buds acute, pubescent: lvs. oval to oblong-obovate, unequal at the base, shortly acuminate, sharply and doubly serrate, glabrous or somewhat rough above, pubescent beneath, 2-4 in. long: fls. in slender pendulous racemes; calyx with 5-8 exserted stamens: fr. oval or obovate, with a shallow notch at the apex, pale, pubescent, 1/2 – 3/4 in. long. Que. to Tenn., west to Neb.  
 
Ulmus racemosa, Thomas, not Borkh. (U. Thomasii, Sarg.). Cork Elm. Rock Elm. Tree, attaining 100 ft., with short spreading branches, forming an oblong round-topped head: branchlets pubescent usually until the second year and mostly irregularly corky winged when older: buds acute, pubescent: lvs. oval to oblong-obovate, unequal at the base, shortly acuminate, sharply and doubly serrate, glabrous or somewhat rough above, pubescent beneath, 2-4 in. long: fls. in slender pendulous racemes; calyx with 5-8 exserted stamens: fr. oval or obovate, with a shallow notch at the apex, pale, pubescent, 1/2 – 3/4 in. long. Que. to Tenn., west to Neb.  
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==Cultivation==
 
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===Propagation===
 
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===Pests and diseases===
 
===Pests and diseases===
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Like most North American elms, the Rock Elm is very susceptible to [[Dutch elm disease]].
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==Varieties==
  
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==Species==
 
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==References==
 
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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Latest revision as of 18:19, 5 May 2010


Upload.png


Plant Characteristics
Habit   tree

Height: ⇕ 100 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 100.
Width: ⇔ 40 ft"ft" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 40.
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Cultivation
Exposure: ☼ sun
USDA Zones: 2 to 9
Scientific Names

Ulmaceae >

Ulmus >

thomasii >


Ulmus thomasii Sarg., the Rock Elm or Cork Elm, is a deciduous tree native primarily to the Midwestern United States. The tree ranges from southern Ontario and Quebec, south to Tennessee, west to northeastern Kansas, and north to Minnesota.[1] Its preferred habitat is moist but well-drained sandy loam, loam, or silt loam soil, mixed with other hardwoods; it is moderately shade-tolerant [1]. However, it also grows on dry uplands, especially on rocky ridges and limestone bluffs.

The tree grows from 15-30 m tall and may live up to 300 years. Where forest-grown, the crown is cylindrical and upright with short branches, and is narrower than most other elms. Rock Elm is also unusual among elms in that it usually has a monopodial growth habit. [2]. The bark is grey-brown and deeply furrowed into scaly, flattened ridges. Many older branches have 3-4 irregular thick corky wings. It is for this reason the Rock Elm is sometimes called the Cork Elm.

The leaves are 5 - 10 cm long and 2 - 5 cm wide, oval to obovate with a round, symmetrical base and acuminate apex. The leaf surface is shiny dark green, turning bright yellow in autumn; the underside is pubescent. The perfect apetalous, wind pollinated flowers are red-green and appear in racemes < 40 mm long two weeks before the leaves from March to May, depending on the tree's location. The fruit is a broad ovate samara 13 - 25 mm long covered with fine hair, notched at the tip, and maturing during May or June to form drooping clusters at the leaf bases. [3].


Read about Ulmus thomasii in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Ulmus racemosa, Thomas, not Borkh. (U. Thomasii, Sarg.). Cork Elm. Rock Elm. Tree, attaining 100 ft., with short spreading branches, forming an oblong round-topped head: branchlets pubescent usually until the second year and mostly irregularly corky winged when older: buds acute, pubescent: lvs. oval to oblong-obovate, unequal at the base, shortly acuminate, sharply and doubly serrate, glabrous or somewhat rough above, pubescent beneath, 2-4 in. long: fls. in slender pendulous racemes; calyx with 5-8 exserted stamens: fr. oval or obovate, with a shallow notch at the apex, pale, pubescent, 1/2 – 3/4 in. long. Que. to Tenn., west to Neb.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Like most North American elms, the Rock Elm is very susceptible to Dutch elm disease.

Varieties

Gallery

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

  1. ↑ http://esp.cr.usgs.gov/data/atlas/little/ulmuthom.pdf
  2. ↑ Bean, W. J. (1981). Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain, 7th edition. Murray, London.
  3. ↑ White, J & More, D. (2003). Trees of Britain & Northern Europe. Cassell's, London.

External links


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