Difference between revisions of "Sobralia"

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{{Taxobox
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{{SPlantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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|familia=Orchidaceae
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| name = ''Sobralia''
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|genus=Sobralia
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| image = Sobralia macrantha (1847).jpg
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|habit=orchid
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| image_width = 200px
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|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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| image_caption = ''[[Sobralia macrantha]]''
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|lifespan=perennial
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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|Temp Metric=°F
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| classis = [[Monocotyledon|Liliopsida]]
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|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
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| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
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|image=Sobralia dichotoma.jpg
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| familia = [[Orchidaceae]]
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|image_width=240
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| subfamilia = [[Epidendroideae]]
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|image_caption=Sobralia dichotoma
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| tribus = [[Arethuseae]]
 
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| subtribus = '''Sobraliinae'''
 
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| genus = '''''Sobralia'''''
 
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| genus_authority = [[Hipólito Ruiz López|Ruiz]] & [[José Antonio Pavón|Pav.]], [[1794]]
 
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| type_species = ''Sobralia dichotoma''
 
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| type_species_authority = [[Hipólito Ruiz López|Ruiz]] & [[José Antonio Pavón|Pav.]], [[1798]]
 
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
 
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| subdivision =  
 
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See [[Sobralia#Species|Species section]].
 
 
}}
 
}}
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'''''Sobralia''''' is a [[genus]] of about 125 [[orchid]]s ([[family (biology)|family]] Orchidaceae) and the only genus of the subtribe '''Sobraliinae'''.
  
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'''''Sobralia''''' is a [[genus]] of about 125 [[orchid]]s ([[family (biology)|family]] Orchidaceae) and the only genus of the subtribe '''Sobraliinae'''. It is native to [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]]. The plants are more commonly terrestrial, but are also found growing [[Epiphyte|epiphytically]], in wet forests from [[sea level]] to about 8,800 ft. The genus was named for Dr. [[Francisco Sobral]], a Spanish [[botanist]].
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It is native to [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]]. The plants are more commonly terrestrial, but are also found growing [[Epiphyte|epiphytically]], in wet forests from [[sea level]] to about 8,800 ft. The genus was named for Dr. [[Francisco Sobral]], a Spanish [[botanist]]. The genus is abbreviated '''Sob''' in trade journals.
  
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Their reed-like [[Plant stem|stems]] range in height from about 1 ft (such as in ''Sobralia galeottiana'') to 25-30 ft. They have typically heavily veined, bilobed, plicate, apical [[Leaf|leaves]] all along the stem. The [[inflorescense]]s on the apex of the stem carry one or two successive ephemeral [[flower]]s with large [[sepal]]s and [[petal]]s. The short duration of the flower is caused by a self-digesting [[enzyme]]. The [[labellum|lip]] is entire or lobed and clasps the [[column]] at its base. This columns carries eight soft [[pollinium|pollinia]]. These flowers range in color from pure white to yellow, green, pink, purple, red, brown, and even a blue violet.
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Their reed-like [[Plant stem|stems]] range in height from about 1 ft (33 cm) (such as in ''Sobralia galeottiana'') to 25-30 ft. (10 m) They have typically heavily veined, bilobed, plicate, apical [[Leaf|leaves]] all along the stem. The [[inflorescence]]s on the apex of the stem carry one or two successive ephemeral [[flower]]s with large [[sepal]]s and [[petal]]s. The short duration of the flower is caused by a self-digesting [[enzyme]]. The [[labellum|lip]] is entire or lobed and clasps the [[column]] at its base. This columns carries eight soft [[pollinium|pollinia]]. These flowers range in color from pure white to yellow, green, pink, purple, red, brown, and even a blue violet.
  
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==[[Synonymy]]==
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{{Inc|
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Sobralia (for Fr. Mart. Sobral, a Spanish botanist). Orchidaceae. Extremely handsome terrestrial orchids with a very distinct habit, some of them comparing well with cattleyas and laelias in bloom.
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Leaves with sheathing bases, plicate-venose: fls. membranaceous, few, in short, terminal racemes, or solitary; sepals and petals spreading; labellum convolute around the column, terminal portion large, undulate, often fimbriate, smooth or with longitudinal ridges; column slender; pollinia 8.—About 30 or more species, inhabiting the mountains of Mex. and Trop. Amer. The following account comprises the species that appear to be in the American trade, but others are to be found in the collections of fanciers. The plants have slender reed-like sts. clothed with lvs. throughout their entire length. The sts. are tufted, forming bushy plants varying in height according to the species. The fls. are among the largest of the orchids, those of S. macrantha attaining a diam. of 9 in. across the sepals. They are, however, very transient, fading a few days after opening.
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Sobralias are charming orchids, and when room can be given to large plants they well repay the space and care they require. Many of them, to be sure, are very fugacious in their blooming, some lasting only a day, but nearly all of them make up for this by a succession of flowers which is more or less rapid. In size the individual blossoms vary from that of an ordinary Cattleya labiata to one scarcely 1 1/2 inches across, and the plants themselves present as great variety, ranging from such as S. fragrans, which grows less than a foot high, to that giant of the tribe, S. Cattleya, which will reach a height of nearly 10 feet. They also give as much variety in their coloring, ranging from a shade of lavender which is almost a blue through different shades of purple to the rich claret-color of S. Lowii, and from yellow to the purest white. Where space for large and bushy plants can be afforded, some of the sobralias will prove most charming plants, having the double advantage of presenting in a well-grown plant not only beautiful blossoms but a subject which is thoroughly attractive as a foliage plant. They also have the added advantage of being, in most instances, of rather easy culture. Given a suitable soil and a liberal supply of water they are almost sure to grow and bloom, although they will do better if they are given their time for rest, when less water is allowed without permitting the material about the roots ever to become quite dry.
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S. Amesia- S. Wilsonii x S. xantholeuca. G.C. III. 40:suppl. Aug. 25.—S. Amesiana-S. Wilsonii x S. xantholeuca. G. 31:581.— S. blanda, Kranzl. Fls. 6 in. across, white, except throat and middle portion of disk of lip, which are golden yellow. Hab. (?).—S. Charlesworthii, Hort. Fls. rich rose-purple, with broad purple band around lip and bright yellow crest. Colombia.—S. Cliftoniae, a dwarf, white-fld. species, said to come from Ecuador. G.M. 53: 325. J.H. III. 53:75; 63:3 (both as S. Holfordii).—S. Colmanii -S. xantholeuca x S. Veitchii.—S. Elizabethae - S. Liliastrum.— S. Lanthoinei-S. Ruckeri.—S. Liliastrum, Lindl. Fls. large, white, yellow-veined. Guiana, Brazil.—S. Lucasiana, Hort. Fls. large; sepals and petals white; lip soft rose-purple, throat yellow. Trop. Amer.—S. luminosa- S. Holfordii x S. Wilsonii.—S. Malmquistiana, Schlecht. Fls. pale rose, with orange-yellow blotch on lip. Colombia. O. 1911:59, desc.—S. murabilis- S. Veitchii x S. macrantha Kienastiana.—S. Ruckeri, Lind. & Reichb. f. Sepals and petals pale rose-purple; lip with a white base, marked with a yellow band, the front of lip dark rose-purple. Colombia. G.C. III. 30:67. J.H. III. 48:531. — S. schoenbrunnensis- S. xantholeuca var. superba x S. macrantha. — S. sessilis, Lindl. Sheaths and under surface of lvs. black-pubescent: lvs. sessile, oblong-lanceolate: fls. sessile, rose, the lip darker. Guiana. B.R. 27:17. J.F. 1:104. — S. Siebertiana- S. macrantha Kienastiana x S. Hodgkinsonii.-.S. valida, Rolfe. Fls. about 2 in. long, fragrant, whitish yellow, with deeper yellow band on lip, becoming deep orange in front. Panama. -S. Veitchii, Hort. -S. macrantha x S. xantholeuca. Sepals oblong, somewhat undulate, white, lightly tinted rose-lilac; petals oval-oblong, undulate, white, tinted rose; lip ample, the limb strongly tinted with lilac-violet, the throat orange, the margin strongly undulate-crisped. J.H. III. 63: 171. C.O. Hyb. 1.— S. Wiganiae -S. macrantha x S. xantholeuca. G.M. 45:441.— S. Wilsonii, Rolfe. Fls. large, white, shaded with rose and spotted with purple.
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{{SCH}}
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}}
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Synonymy: The genera '''''Cyathoglottis''''' <small>[[Poepp.]] & [[Endl.]]</small>, '''''Fregea''''' <small>[[Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach|Rchb.f.]]</small> and '''''Lindsayella''''' <small>[[Oakes Ames|Ames]] & [[C.Schweinf.]]</small> are generally included here{{wp}}.
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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==Species==
 
The genera '''''Cyathoglottis''''' <small>[[Poepp.]] & [[Endl.]]</small>, '''''Fregea''''' <small>[[Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach|Rchb.f.]]</small> and '''''Lindsayella''''' <small>[[Oakes Ames|Ames]] & [[C.Schweinf.]]</small> are generally included here.
 
The genera '''''Cyathoglottis''''' <small>[[Poepp.]] & [[Endl.]]</small>, '''''Fregea''''' <small>[[Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach|Rchb.f.]]</small> and '''''Lindsayella''''' <small>[[Oakes Ames|Ames]] & [[C.Schweinf.]]</small> are generally included here.
  
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== Species ==
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A few more commonly cited species{{wp}}:
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A few more commonly cited species:
 
 
*''[[Sobralia decora]]'' - pink-lavender; from [[Mexico]] through Central America;  
 
*''[[Sobralia decora]]'' - pink-lavender; from [[Mexico]] through Central America;  
 
*''[[Sobralia dichotoma]]'' - reddish-brown with white and pink lip; from the [[Andes]];  
 
*''[[Sobralia dichotoma]]'' - reddish-brown with white and pink lip; from the [[Andes]];  
 
*''[[Sobralia fimbriata]]'' - white to cream or pale yellow, with fimbriate lip and petals; Andes;  
 
*''[[Sobralia fimbriata]]'' - white to cream or pale yellow, with fimbriate lip and petals; Andes;  
 
*''[[Sobralia macrantha]]'' - pink-magenta; from Mexico through Central America;  
 
*''[[Sobralia macrantha]]'' - pink-magenta; from Mexico through Central America;  
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*''[[Sobralia Mirabilis]]'' (hybrid)
 
*''[[Sobralia sessilis]]'' - pink-lavender; from South America;  
 
*''[[Sobralia sessilis]]'' - pink-lavender; from South America;  
 
*''[[Sobralia xantholeuca]]'' - yellow; from [[Chiapas]], Mex. and [[Guatemala]];  
 
*''[[Sobralia xantholeuca]]'' - yellow; from [[Chiapas]], Mex. and [[Guatemala]];  
  
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Others:
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Others{{wp}}:
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* ''[[Sobralia allenii]]'' L.O.Williams 1942.
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* ''[[Sobralia allenii]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia altissima]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson 1999.
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* ''[[Sobralia altissima]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia amabilis]]'' Rchb.f. L.O.Williams 1946.
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* ''[[Sobralia amabilis]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia anceps]]'' Schltr. 1924.
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* ''[[Sobralia anceps]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia antioquiensis]]'' Schltr. 1920.
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* ''[[Sobralia antioquiensis]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia atropubescens]]'' Ames & C.Schweinf. 1930 : Black-haired Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia atropubescens]]'' : Black-haired Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia augusta]]'' Hoehne. 1944
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* ''[[Sobralia augusta]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia aurantiaca]]'' Linden & Rchb.f. 1854
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* ''[[Sobralia aurantiaca]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia biflora]]'' Ruiz & Pav. 1798.
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* ''[[Sobralia biflora]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia bimaculata]]'' Garay 1975 : 2-Spot Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia bimaculata]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia bletiae]]'' Rchb.f. 1852.
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* ''[[Sobralia bletiae]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia boliviensis]]'' Schltr. 1913.
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* ''[[Sobralia boliviensis]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia buchtienii]]'' Schltr. 1929.
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* ''[[Sobralia buchtienii]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia calliantha]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson. 2001
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* ''[[Sobralia calliantha]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia caloglossa]]'' Schltr. 1929 : Beautiful-lipped Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia caloglossa]]'' : Beautiful-lipped Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia candida]]'' Poepp. & Endl. Rchb.f. 1853 : White Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia candida]]'' : White Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia carazoi]]'' Lank. & Ames 1924.
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* ''[[Sobralia carazoi]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia cataractarum]]'' Hoehne 1910 : Cataract Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia cataractarum]]'' : Cataract Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia cattleya]]'' Rchb.f. 1877.
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* ''[[Sobralia cattleya]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia chatoensis]]'' A.H.Heller & A.D.Hawkes 1966.
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* ''[[Sobralia chatoensis]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia chrysantha]]'' Lindl. 1854.
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* ''[[Sobralia chrysantha]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia chrysoleuca]]'' Rchb.f. 1873.
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* ''[[Sobralia chrysoleuca]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia chrysostoma]]'' Dressler 2001 : Golden Mouth Sobralia  
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* ''[[Sobralia chrysostoma]]'' : Golden Mouth Sobralia  
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* ''[[Sobralia ciliata]]'' C.Presl C.Schweinf. ex Foldats 1969 : Fine-haired Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia ciliata]]'' : Fine-haired Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia crispissima]]'' Dressler 2002.
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* ''[[Sobralia crispissima]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia crocea]]'' Poepp. & Endl. Rchb.f. 1853 : Saffron-yellow Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia crocea]]'' : Saffron-yellow Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia decora]]'' Bateman 1842 : Beautiful Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia decora]]'' : Beautiful Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia densifoliata]]'' Schltr. 1920.
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* ''[[Sobralia densifoliata]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia dichotoma]]'' Ruiz & Pav. 1798 : Two-piece Sobralia (type species)
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* ''[[Sobralia dichotoma]]'' : Two-piece Sobralia (type species)
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* ''[[Sobralia dissimilis]]'' Dressler 1995.
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* ''[[Sobralia dissimilis]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia dorbignyana]]'' Rchb.f. 1873.
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* ''[[Sobralia dorbignyana]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia doremiliae]]'' Dressler 1995.
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* ''[[Sobralia doremiliae]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia ecuadorana]]'' Dodson 1998 : Ecuadorian Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia ecuadorana]]'' : Ecuadorian Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia exilis]]'' Schltr. 1920.
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* ''[[Sobralia exilis]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia fimbriata]]'' Poepp. & Endl. 1836 : Fringed Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia fimbriata]]'' : Fringed Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia fragrans]]'' Lindl. 1853 : Fragrant Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia fragrans]]'' : Fragrant Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia fruticetorum]]'' Schltr. 1913.
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* ''[[Sobralia fruticetorum]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia galeottiana]]'' A.Rich. 1845 : Sitting Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia galeottiana]]'': Sitting Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia gentryi]]'' Dodson 1998.
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* ''[[Sobralia gentryi]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia gloriana]]'' Dressler 2002.
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* ''[[Sobralia gloriana]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia gloriosa]]'' Rchb.f. 1873.
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* ''[[Sobralia gloriosa]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia granitica]]'' G.A.Romero & Carnevali 2000.
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* ''[[Sobralia granitica]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia hagsateri]]'' Dodson 1998.
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* ''[[Sobralia hagsateri]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia hawkesii]]'' A.H.Heller 1966.
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* ''[[Sobralia hawkesii]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia helleri]]'' A.D.Hawkes 1966.
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* ''[[Sobralia helleri]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia herzogii]]'' Schltr. 1913 : Herzog's Sobralia  
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* ''[[Sobralia herzogii]]'' : Herzog's Sobralia  
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* ''[[Sobralia hirta]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson. 2001
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* ''[[Sobralia hirta]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia hirtzii]]'' Dodson 2004 (Ecuador)
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* ''[[Sobralia hirtzii]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia hoppii]]'' Schltr. 1924 : Hopp's Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia hoppii]]'' : Hopp's Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia infundibuligera]]'' Garay & Dunst. 1965 : Trumpet Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia infundibuligera]]'' : Trumpet Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia × intermedia]]'' P.H.Allen  1958.
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* ''[[Sobralia × intermedia]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia kermesina]]'' Garay 1956.
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* ''[[Sobralia kermesina]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia kerryae]]'' Dressler 1998.
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* ''[[Sobralia kerryae]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia klotzscheana]]'' Rchb.f. 1850 : Klotzsch' Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia klotzscheana]]'' : Klotzsch' Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia labiata]]'' Warsz. & Rchb.f. 1852.
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* ''[[Sobralia labiata]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia lancea]]'' Garay 1958 :  Lanceolate Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia lancea]]'' :  Lanceolate Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia leucoxantha]]'' Rchb.f. 1866 : White-yellow Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia leucoxantha]]'' : White-yellow Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia liliastrum]]'' Lindl. 1833 : Star-lily Sobralia  
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* ''[[Sobralia liliastrum]]'' : Star-lily Sobralia  
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* ''[[Sobralia lindleyana]]'' Rchb.f. 1852.
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* ''[[Sobralia lindleyana]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia lowii]]'' Rolfe 1890.
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* ''[[Sobralia lowii]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia luerorum]]'' Dodson 1998.
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* ''[[Sobralia luerorum]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia luteola]]'' Rolfe 1898.
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* ''[[Sobralia luteola]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia macdougallii]]'' Soto Arenas Pérez-García & Salazar 2002 publ. 2003.
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* ''[[Sobralia macdougallii]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia macra]]'' Schltr. 1923.
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* ''[[Sobralia macra]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia macrantha]]'' Lindl. 1838 : Large-flowered Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia macrantha]]'' : Large-flowered Sobralia
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** ''Sobralia macrantha'' var. ''kienastiana'' Rchb.f. 1888.
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** ''Sobralia macrantha'' var. ''kienastiana''
 
** ''Sobralia macrantha'' var. ''macrantha''  
 
** ''Sobralia macrantha'' var. ''macrantha''  
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* ''[[Sobralia macrophylla]]'' Rchb.f. 1852 : Large-leafed Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia macrophylla]]'': Large-leafed Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia madisonii]]'' Dodson 1980.
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* ''[[Sobralia madisonii]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia maduroi]]'' Dressler 2004 (Colombia)
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* ''[[Sobralia maduroi]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia malmiana]]'' Pabst 1979.
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* ''[[Sobralia malmiana]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia malmquistiana]]'' Schltr. 1911.
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* ''[[Sobralia malmquistiana]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia margaritae]]'' Pabst 1977.
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* ''[[Sobralia margaritae]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia mariannae]]'' Dressler 2002.
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* ''[[Sobralia mariannae]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia mucronata]]'' Ames & C.Schweinf. 1925.
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* ''[[Sobralia mucronata]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia mutisii]]'' P.Ortiz 2004.
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* ''[[Sobralia mutisii]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia neudeckeri]]'' Dodson 1998.
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* ''[[Sobralia neudeckeri]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia nutans]]'' Dressler 2002.
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* ''[[Sobralia nutans]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia odorata]]'' Schltr. 1924.
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* ''[[Sobralia odorata]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia oliva-estevae]]'' Carnevali & I.Ramírez 1990.
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* ''[[Sobralia oliva-estevae]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia oroana]]'' Dodson 1998.
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* ''[[Sobralia oroana]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia paludosa]]'' Linden 1851.
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* ''[[Sobralia paludosa]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia paradisiaca]]'' Rchb.f. 1850.
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* ''[[Sobralia paradisiaca]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia pardalina]]'' Garay  1978.
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* ''[[Sobralia pardalina]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia parviflora]]'' L.O.Williams 1938.
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* ''[[Sobralia parviflora]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia persimilis]]'' Garay  1978.
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* ''[[Sobralia persimilis]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia pfavii]]'' Schltr. 1923.
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* ''[[Sobralia pfavii]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia piedadiae]]'' Dodson 1998.
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* ''[[Sobralia piedadiae]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia portillae]]'' Christenson 2003.
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* ''[[Sobralia portillae]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia powellii]]'' Schltr. 1922 : Powell's Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia powellii]]'' : Powell's Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia pulcherrima]]'' Garay 1978 : Very Beautiful Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia pulcherrima]]'' : Very Beautiful Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia pumila]]'' Rolfe 1893 : Dwarf Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia pumila]]'' : Dwarf Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia purpurea]]'' Dressler 2000.
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* ''[[Sobralia purpurea]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia quinata]]'' Dressler 2003.
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* ''[[Sobralia quinata]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia rigidissima]]'' Linden ex Rchb.f. 1854.
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* ''[[Sobralia rigidissima]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia roezlii]]'' Rchb.f. 1873 : Roezl's Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia roezlii]]'' : Roezl's Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia rolfeana]]'' Schltr. 1922.
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* ''[[Sobralia rolfeana]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia rondonii]]'' Hoehne 1910.
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* ''[[Sobralia rondonii]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia rosea]]'' Poepp. & Endl. 1836 : Rose-colored Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia rosea]]'' : Rose-colored Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia roseoalba]]'' Rchb.f. 1866.
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* ''[[Sobralia roseoalba]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia ruckeri]]'' Linden & Rchb.f. 1854.
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* ''[[Sobralia ruckeri]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia ruparupaensis]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson: 2001.
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* ''[[Sobralia ruparupaensis]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia rupicola]]'' Kraenzl. 1908.
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* ''[[Sobralia rupicola]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia sancti-josephi]]'' Kraenzl. 1928.
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* ''[[Sobralia sancti-josephi]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia sanfelicis]]'' Dressler 2004 (Panama)
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* ''[[Sobralia sanfelicis]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia schultzei]]'' Schltr. 1924.
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* ''[[Sobralia schultzei]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia scopulorum]]'' Rchb.f. 1873.
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* ''[[Sobralia scopulorum]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia semperflorens]]'' Kraenzl. 1915.
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* ''[[Sobralia semperflorens]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia setigera]]'' Poepp. & Endl. 1836.
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* ''[[Sobralia setigera]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia sobralioides]]'' Kraenzl. Garay 1978.
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* ''[[Sobralia sobralioides]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia speciosa]]'' C.Schweinf. 1961.
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* ''[[Sobralia speciosa]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia splendida]]'' Schltr. 1920.
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* ''[[Sobralia splendida]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia stenophylla]]'' Lindl. 1854 : Thin-leafed Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia stenophylla]]'' : Thin-leafed Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia stevensonii]]'' Dodson 1998.
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* ''[[Sobralia stevensonii]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia tamboana]]'' Dodson 1998.
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* ''[[Sobralia tamboana]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia turkeliae]]'' Christenson 2002.
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* ''[[Sobralia turkeliae]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia undatocarinata]]'' C.Schweinf. 1938.
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* ''[[Sobralia undatocarinata]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia uribei]]'' P.Ortiz 1994.
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* ''[[Sobralia uribei]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia valida]]'' Rolfe 1909.
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* ''[[Sobralia valida]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia violacea]]'' Linden ex Lindl. 1846 : Violet Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia violacea]]'' : Violet Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia virginalis]]'' Peeters & [[Cogn.]] 1899 : Virgin Sobralia  
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* ''[[Sobralia virginalis]]'' : Virgin Sobralia  
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* ''[[Sobralia warszewiczii]]'' Rchb.f. 1852.
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* ''[[Sobralia warszewiczii]]''
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* ''[[Sobralia weberbaueriana]]'' Kraenzl. 1905.
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* ''[[Sobralia weberbaueriana]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia wilsoniana]]'' Rolfe 1890.
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* ''[[Sobralia wilsoniana]]''  
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* ''[[Sobralia withneri]]'' D.E.Benn. & Christenson: 2001 : Withner's Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia withneri]]'' : Withner's Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia xantholeuca]]'' B.S.Williams 1885 : Yellow-white Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia xantholeuca]]'' : Yellow-white Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia yauaperyensis]]'' Barb. Rodr. 1891 :  Yauaperi River Sobralia
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* ''[[Sobralia yauaperyensis]]'' :  Yauaperi River Sobralia
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
  
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== Reference ==
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<gallery>
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Ortiz, V. P. 2004. - Las especies Colombianas de Sobralia Ruiz & Pav., seccion Sobralia. The Colombian species of Sobralia Ruiz & Pav., section Sobralia.  Orquideologia 23(1): 49-65
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
 +
==References==
 +
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
  
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== External links ==
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==External links==
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* [http://sobralia.autrevie.com The Sobralia Pages]
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*{{wplink}}
  
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[[Category:Orchid genera]]
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{{stub}}
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__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 17:17, 1 June 2010


Sobralia dichotoma


Plant Characteristics
Habit   orchid

Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Cultivation
Scientific Names

Orchidaceae >

Sobralia >


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Sobralia is a genus of about 125 orchids (family Orchidaceae) and the only genus of the subtribe Sobraliinae.

It is native to Central and South America. The plants are more commonly terrestrial, but are also found growing epiphytically, in wet forests from sea level to about 8,800 ft. The genus was named for Dr. Francisco Sobral, a Spanish botanist. The genus is abbreviated Sob in trade journals.

Their reed-like stems range in height from about 1 ft (33 cm) (such as in Sobralia galeottiana) to 25-30 ft. (10 m) They have typically heavily veined, bilobed, plicate, apical leaves all along the stem. The inflorescences on the apex of the stem carry one or two successive ephemeral flowers with large sepals and petals. The short duration of the flower is caused by a self-digesting enzyme. The lip is entire or lobed and clasps the column at its base. This columns carries eight soft pollinia. These flowers range in color from pure white to yellow, green, pink, purple, red, brown, and even a blue violet.


Read about Sobralia in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Sobralia (for Fr. Mart. Sobral, a Spanish botanist). Orchidaceae. Extremely handsome terrestrial orchids with a very distinct habit, some of them comparing well with cattleyas and laelias in bloom.

Leaves with sheathing bases, plicate-venose: fls. membranaceous, few, in short, terminal racemes, or solitary; sepals and petals spreading; labellum convolute around the column, terminal portion large, undulate, often fimbriate, smooth or with longitudinal ridges; column slender; pollinia 8.—About 30 or more species, inhabiting the mountains of Mex. and Trop. Amer. The following account comprises the species that appear to be in the American trade, but others are to be found in the collections of fanciers. The plants have slender reed-like sts. clothed with lvs. throughout their entire length. The sts. are tufted, forming bushy plants varying in height according to the species. The fls. are among the largest of the orchids, those of S. macrantha attaining a diam. of 9 in. across the sepals. They are, however, very transient, fading a few days after opening.

Sobralias are charming orchids, and when room can be given to large plants they well repay the space and care they require. Many of them, to be sure, are very fugacious in their blooming, some lasting only a day, but nearly all of them make up for this by a succession of flowers which is more or less rapid. In size the individual blossoms vary from that of an ordinary Cattleya labiata to one scarcely 1 1/2 inches across, and the plants themselves present as great variety, ranging from such as S. fragrans, which grows less than a foot high, to that giant of the tribe, S. Cattleya, which will reach a height of nearly 10 feet. They also give as much variety in their coloring, ranging from a shade of lavender which is almost a blue through different shades of purple to the rich claret-color of S. Lowii, and from yellow to the purest white. Where space for large and bushy plants can be afforded, some of the sobralias will prove most charming plants, having the double advantage of presenting in a well-grown plant not only beautiful blossoms but a subject which is thoroughly attractive as a foliage plant. They also have the added advantage of being, in most instances, of rather easy culture. Given a suitable soil and a liberal supply of water they are almost sure to grow and bloom, although they will do better if they are given their time for rest, when less water is allowed without permitting the material about the roots ever to become quite dry.

S. Amesia- S. Wilsonii x S. xantholeuca. G.C. III. 40:suppl. Aug. 25.—S. Amesiana-S. Wilsonii x S. xantholeuca. G. 31:581.— S. blanda, Kranzl. Fls. 6 in. across, white, except throat and middle portion of disk of lip, which are golden yellow. Hab. (?).—S. Charlesworthii, Hort. Fls. rich rose-purple, with broad purple band around lip and bright yellow crest. Colombia.—S. Cliftoniae, a dwarf, white-fld. species, said to come from Ecuador. G.M. 53: 325. J.H. III. 53:75; 63:3 (both as S. Holfordii).—S. Colmanii -S. xantholeuca x S. Veitchii.—S. Elizabethae - S. Liliastrum.— S. Lanthoinei-S. Ruckeri.—S. Liliastrum, Lindl. Fls. large, white, yellow-veined. Guiana, Brazil.—S. Lucasiana, Hort. Fls. large; sepals and petals white; lip soft rose-purple, throat yellow. Trop. Amer.—S. luminosa- S. Holfordii x S. Wilsonii.—S. Malmquistiana, Schlecht. Fls. pale rose, with orange-yellow blotch on lip. Colombia. O. 1911:59, desc.—S. murabilis- S. Veitchii x S. macrantha Kienastiana.—S. Ruckeri, Lind. & Reichb. f. Sepals and petals pale rose-purple; lip with a white base, marked with a yellow band, the front of lip dark rose-purple. Colombia. G.C. III. 30:67. J.H. III. 48:531. — S. schoenbrunnensis- S. xantholeuca var. superba x S. macrantha. — S. sessilis, Lindl. Sheaths and under surface of lvs. black-pubescent: lvs. sessile, oblong-lanceolate: fls. sessile, rose, the lip darker. Guiana. B.R. 27:17. J.F. 1:104. — S. Siebertiana- S. macrantha Kienastiana x S. Hodgkinsonii.-.S. valida, Rolfe. Fls. about 2 in. long, fragrant, whitish yellow, with deeper yellow band on lip, becoming deep orange in front. Panama. -S. Veitchii, Hort. -S. macrantha x S. xantholeuca. Sepals oblong, somewhat undulate, white, lightly tinted rose-lilac; petals oval-oblong, undulate, white, tinted rose; lip ample, the limb strongly tinted with lilac-violet, the throat orange, the margin strongly undulate-crisped. J.H. III. 63: 171. C.O. Hyb. 1.— S. Wiganiae -S. macrantha x S. xantholeuca. G.M. 45:441.— S. Wilsonii, Rolfe. Fls. large, white, shaded with rose and spotted with purple. CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Synonymy: The genera Cyathoglottis Poepp. & Endl., Fregea Rchb.f. and Lindsayella Ames & C.Schweinf. are generally included herewp.

Cultivation

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Propagation

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Pests and diseases

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Species

The genera Cyathoglottis Poepp. & Endl., Fregea Rchb.f. and Lindsayella Ames & C.Schweinf. are generally included here.

A few more commonly cited specieswp:

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Gallery

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References

External links


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