Difference between revisions of "Ribes"

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{{SPlantbox
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|familia=Grossulariaceae
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|genus=Ribes
 
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|jumpin=This is the plant information box - for information on light; water; zones; height; etc. If it is mostly empty you can help grow this page by clicking on the edit tab and filling in the blanks!
 
|jumpin=This is the plant information box - for information on light; water; zones; height; etc. If it is mostly empty you can help grow this page by clicking on the edit tab and filling in the blanks!
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|image=Gooseberry Ribes grossularia (detail).JPG
 
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'''''Ribes''''' is a [[genus]] of about 150 species of [[flowering plants]], usually treated as the only genus in the family '''Grossulariaceae'''. The genus is native throughout the temperate regions of the [[Northern Hemisphere]].
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''Ribes'' includes the currants, including the edible currants ([[blackcurrant]], [[redcurrant]] and [[whitecurrant]]), [[gooseberry|gooseberries]], and many [[ornamental plant]]s. The ''Ribes'' currant should not be confused with the [[Zante currant]] [[grape]].
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Seven [[subgenus|subgenera]] are recognised.  A few taxonomists place the gooseberry species in a separate genus, ''Grossularia'', despite the [[Jostaberry]] gooseberry/blackcurrant [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrid]].
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There are restrictions on growing ''Ribes'' species in many US states as they are a host for [[White Pine Blister Rust]].
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{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Ribes (probably derived from ribas, the Arabic name for Rheum Ribes,  
 
Ribes (probably derived from ribas, the Arabic name for Rheum Ribes,  
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or by some supposed to be the Latinized form of riebs, an old German  
 
or by some supposed to be the Latinized form of riebs, an old German  
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word for currant). Saxifragaceae. Currant. Gooseberry. Woody plants  
 
word for currant). Saxifragaceae. Currant. Gooseberry. Woody plants  
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partly grown for their edible fruits and partly for their handsome  
 
partly grown for their edible fruits and partly for their handsome  
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flowers, fruits, or foliage.
 
flowers, fruits, or foliage.
  
 
Unarmed or prickly shrubs with deciduous or rarely evergreen foliage:  
 
Unarmed or prickly shrubs with deciduous or rarely evergreen foliage:  
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lvs. alternate, often fascicled, simple, usually palmately lobed and  
 
lvs. alternate, often fascicled, simple, usually palmately lobed and  
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mostly plaited in the bud: fls. perfect or in some species dioecious,  
 
mostly plaited in the bud: fls. perfect or in some species dioecious,  
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5-merous, rarely 4-merous, in many-fld. to few-fld. racemes, or  
 
5-merous, rarely 4-merous, in many-fld. to few-fld. racemes, or  
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solitary; calyx-tube cylindric to rotate, like the sepals usually  
 
solitary; calyx-tube cylindric to rotate, like the sepals usually  
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colored; petals usually smaller than the sepals, often minute, rarely  
 
colored; petals usually smaller than the sepals, often minute, rarely  
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entirely wanting; stamens alternating with the petals, shorter or  
 
entirely wanting; stamens alternating with the petals, shorter or  
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longer than the sepals; ovary inferior, 1-celled; styles 1 or 2 (Fig.  
 
longer than the sepals; ovary inferior, 1-celled; styles 1 or 2 (Fig.  
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3401): fr. a many-seeded pulpy berry, crowned by the remains of the  
 
3401): fr. a many-seeded pulpy berry, crowned by the remains of the  
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calyx. —About 150 species in the colder and temperate regions of N.  
 
calyx. —About 150 species in the colder and temperate regions of N.  
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and S. Amer., N. and Cent. Asia, Eu., and N. Afr. The genus is  
 
and S. Amer., N. and Cent. Asia, Eu., and N. Afr. The genus is  
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sometimes divided into two: the true Ribes with usually unarmed sts.,  
 
sometimes divided into two: the true Ribes with usually unarmed sts.,  
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racemose fls., and jointed pedicels, and Grossularia (p. 1414) with  
 
racemose fls., and jointed pedicels, and Grossularia (p. 1414) with  
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prickly sts.; fls. solitary or in short 2-4-fld. racemes and with the  
 
prickly sts.; fls. solitary or in short 2-4-fld. racemes and with the  
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pedicels not jointed. The most recent monograph of the genus is by  
 
pedicels not jointed. The most recent monograph of the genus is by  
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Janczewski, Monographie des Groseilliers, 1907 (originally published  
 
Janczewski, Monographie des Groseilliers, 1907 (originally published  
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in Mem. Soc. Phys. Nat. Hist. Geneve, 35:199-517, with 202 figs.),  
 
in Mem. Soc. Phys. Nat. Hist. Geneve, 35:199-517, with 202 figs.),  
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with important supplements in Bull. Acad. Sci. Cracovic, ser. B,  
 
with important supplements in Bull. Acad. Sci. Cracovic, ser. B,  
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1910-13. The N. American species are treated by Coville & Britton in  
 
1910-13. The N. American species are treated by Coville & Britton in  
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North American Flora, 22:193-225 (1908) under the two genera Ribes and  
 
North American Flora, 22:193-225 (1908) under the two genera Ribes and  
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Grossularia. There are also descriptions and figures of the more  
 
Grossularia. There are also descriptions and figures of the more  
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important species in Card's Bush Fruits, 444-84, figs. 80-109 (1911).
 
important species in Card's Bush Fruits, 444-84, figs. 80-109 (1911).
  
 
The currants and gooseberies are usually low, upright or less often  
 
The currants and gooseberies are usually low, upright or less often  
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procumbent deciduous, rarely evergreen shrubs with prickly or unarmed  
 
procumbent deciduous, rarely evergreen shrubs with prickly or unarmed  
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branches, small or medium-sized usually lobed leaves, with rather  
 
branches, small or medium-sized usually lobed leaves, with rather  
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small solitary or racemose flowers often greenish or reddish and  
 
small solitary or racemose flowers often greenish or reddish and  
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insignificant, but in some species white or brightly colored in shades  
 
insignificant, but in some species white or brightly colored in shades  
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of red, scarlet, orange or yellow; the fruits also are often  
 
of red, scarlet, orange or yellow; the fruits also are often  
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attractive and either black, purple, scarlet, yellowish or greenish.  
 
attractive and either black, purple, scarlet, yellowish or greenish.  
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The flowers appear in spring with the leaves, and the fruits ripen in  
 
The flowers appear in spring with the leaves, and the fruits ripen in  
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June or July, but in R. fasciculatum they do not mature until  
 
June or July, but in R. fasciculatum they do not mature until  
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September and remain on the branches all winter. Most species are  
 
September and remain on the branches all winter. Most species are  
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hardy North except the evergreen ones; also R. sanguineum, R. Roezlii,  
 
hardy North except the evergreen ones; also R. sanguineum, R. Roezlii,  
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R.
 
R.
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Lobbii, R. viscosissimum are not quite hardy North. The tender R.  
 
Lobbii, R. viscosissimum are not quite hardy North. The tender R.  
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speciosum with fuchsia-like bright red flowers is perhaps the most  
 
speciosum with fuchsia-like bright red flowers is perhaps the most  
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showy species of the genus, though also R. sanguineum, R. odoratum, R.  
 
showy species of the genus, though also R. sanguineum, R. odoratum, R.  
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Gordonianum, R. Roezlii, R. Lobbii, R. pinetorum, R. cereum, R.  
 
Gordonianum, R. Roezlii, R. Lobbii, R. pinetorum, R. cereum, R.  
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inebrians, R. niveum, and others are handsome in bloom, while some, as  
 
inebrians, R. niveum, and others are handsome in bloom, while some, as  
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R. alpinum and R. fasciculatum, have ornamental scarlet fruits. They  
 
R. alpinum and R. fasciculatum, have ornamental scarlet fruits. They  
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are well adapted for borders of shrubberies and, particularly the  
 
are well adapted for borders of shrubberies and, particularly the  
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procumbent kinds, for planting on slopes. R. alpinum is excellent for  
 
procumbent kinds, for planting on slopes. R. alpinum is excellent for  
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shady places and as undergrowth. R. alpestre, a strong-growing and  
 
shady places and as undergrowth. R. alpestre, a strong-growing and  
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very spiny gooseberry from western China, may prove valuable as a  
 
very spiny gooseberry from western China, may prove valuable as a  
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hedge-plant. Many species bear edible fruits; the most important are  
 
hedge-plant. Many species bear edible fruits; the most important are  
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the domestic currant, R. vulgare, and the European gooseberry, R.  
 
the domestic currant, R. vulgare, and the European gooseberry, R.  
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Grossularia; of less importance are the black currant, R. nigrum, the  
 
Grossularia; of less importance are the black currant, R. nigrum, the  
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Buffalo or Missouri currant, R. odoratum, the European R. rubrum and  
 
Buffalo or Missouri currant, R. odoratum, the European R. rubrum and  
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some of the American gooseberries, as R. hirtellum, R. Cynosbati, R.  
 
some of the American gooseberries, as R. hirtellum, R. Cynosbati, R.  
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oxyacanthoides, R. setosum, R. inerme. These plants are mostly of easy  
 
oxyacanthoides, R. setosum, R. inerme. These plants are mostly of easy  
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cultivation; they grow in any moderately good loamy soil, the  
 
cultivation; they grow in any moderately good loamy soil, the  
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gooseberries preferring as a rule drier and sunnier positions, while  
 
gooseberries preferring as a rule drier and sunnier positions, while  
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the currants like more humidity and grow well in partly shaded  
 
the currants like more humidity and grow well in partly shaded  
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situations. Propagation is by seeds which germinate readily; also by
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hardwood cuttings in autumn and by greenwood cuttings in summer under
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glass; mound-layering in summer is sometimes practised; budding or
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grafting is usually resorted to only, if quick propagation of rare
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varieties is desired. In Europe, currants and gooseberries are
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sometimes grafted high on R. odoratum trained to one stem, to form
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little standard trees. See also Currant and Gooseberry for
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cultivation.
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}}
  
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situations. Propagation is by seeds which germinate readily; also by
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==Cultivation==
  
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hardwood cuttings in autumn and by greenwood cuttings in summer under
 
  
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glass; mound-layering in summer is sometimes practised; budding or
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===Propagation===
  
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grafting is usually resorted to only, if quick propagation of rare
 
  
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varieties is desired. In Europe, currants and gooseberries are
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===Pests and diseases===
  
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sometimes grafted high on R. odoratum trained to one stem, to form
 
  
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little standard trees. See also Currant and Gooseberry for
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==Varieties==
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Selected species:
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*''[[Ribes acerifolium]]'' <font size=1>T.J Howell</font> - Maple Currant, Mapleleaf Currant
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*''[[Ribes achurjani]]'' <font size=1>Mulk.</font>
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*''[[Ribes aciculare]]'' <font size=1>Sm.</font> - Needle-spined Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes acidum]]'' <font size=1>Turcz. ex Pojark.</font>
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*''[[Ribes acuminatum]]'' <font size=1>Wall. ex G.Don</font>
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*''[[Ribes affine]]'' <font size=1>Kunth</font>
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*''[[Ribes albifolium]]'' <font size=1>Ruiz & Pav.</font>
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*''[[Ribes albinervium]]'' <font size=1>Michx.</font>
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*''[[Ribes alpestre]]'' <font size=1>Wall. ex Decne.</font>
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*''[[Ribes alpestris]]'' <font size=1>(Decne) A.Berger</font> - Hedge Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes alpinum]]'' <font size=1>L.</font> - Alpine Currant
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*''[[Ribes altamirani]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes altissimum]]'' <font size=1>Turcz. ex Pojark.</font> - Tall Current
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*''[[Ribes amarum]]'' <font size=1>McClatchie</font> - Bitter Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes ambiguum]]'' <font size=1>Maxim.</font>
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*''[[Ribes americanum]]'' <font size=1>Mill.</font> - American Blackcurrant, Wild Blackcurrant
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*''[[Ribes amictum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font>
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*''[[Ribes andicola]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes aridum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font>
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*''[[Ribes armenum]]'' <font size=1>Pojark.</font>
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*''[[Ribes ascendens]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
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*''[[Ribes atropurpureum]]'' <font size=1>C.A.Mey.</font>
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*''[[Ribes aucheziense]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes aureum]]'' <font size=1>Pursh</font> - Golden Currant
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*''[[Ribes austroecuadorense]]'' <font size=1>Freire-Fierro</font>
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*''[[Ribes bethmontii]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes binominatum]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font> - Ground Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes bracteosum]]'' <font size=1>Douglas ex Hook.</font> - Californian Blackcurrant, Stink Currant, Stinky Currant
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*''[[Ribes burejense]]'' <font size=1>F.Schmidt</font>
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*''[[Ribes californicum]]'' <font size=1>Hook. & Arn.</font> - Hillside Gooseberry, California Gooseberry, Monterey Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes canthariforme]]'' <font size=1>Wiggins</font> - Moreno Currant
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*''[[Ribes cereum]]'' <font size=1>Douglas</font> - Squaw Currant, Wax Currant, White Field Currant, Whiskey Currant
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*''[[Ribes ciliatum]]'' <font size=1>Humb. & Bonpl.</font>
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*''[[Ribes coloradense]]'' <font size=1>Cov.</font> - Colorado Currant
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*''[[Ribes cruentum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Shinyleaf Currant, Oregon Currant
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*''[[Ribes curvatum]]'' <font size=1>Small</font> - Granite Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes cynosbati]]'' <font size=1>L.</font> - Prickly Gooseberry, Eastern Prickly Gooseberry, Dogberry, Dog Bramble
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*''[[Ribes diacanthum]]'' <font size=1>Pall.</font> - Siberian Currant
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*''[[Ribes dikuscha]]'' <font size=1>Fisch. ex Turcz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes distans]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font> - Scarlet Currant
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*''[[Ribes divaricatum]]'' <font size=1>Douglas</font> - Spreading Gooseberry, Wild Gooseberry, Coast Gooseberry, Coastal Black Gooseberry, Parish's Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes echinellum]]'' <font size=1>(Cov.) Rehder</font> - Miccosukee Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes emodense]]'' <font size=1>Rehder</font> - Smooth Rock Currant
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*''[[Ribes erythrocarpum]]'' <font size=1>Coville & Leiberg</font> - Crater Lake Currant
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*''[[Ribes fasciculatum]]'' <font size=1>Siebold & Zucc.</font> - Japanese Currant
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*''[[Ribes floridum]]'' <font size=1>L'Hér..</font>
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*''[[Ribes fragrans]]'' <font size=1>Pall.</font> - Fragrant-flowered Gooseberry, Sweet-flowered Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes fuscescens]]'' <font size=1>(Jancz.) Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes futurum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes gardonianum]]'' <font size=1>Lem.</font>
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*''[[Ribes gayanum]]'' (Spach) <font size=1>Steud.</font> - Leather-leaved Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes giraldii]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes glabricalycinum]]'' <font size=1>L.T.Lu</font>
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*''[[Ribes glabrifolium]]'' <font size=1>L.T.Lu</font>
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*''[[Ribes glaciale]]'' <font size=1>Wallich</font> - Glacier Currant
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*''[[Ribes glanduliferum]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
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*''[[Ribes glandulosum]]'' <font size=1>Grauer ex Weber</font> - [[White currant]], Skunk Currant, Fetid Currant
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*''[[Ribes glaucescens]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
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*''[[Ribes glutinosum]]'' <font size=1>Benth.</font>
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*''[[Ribes gongshanense]]'' <font size=1>T.C.Ku</font>
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*''[[Ribes goodingii]]'' <font size=1>M.E.Peck</font>
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*''[[Ribes gracile]]'' <font size=1>Michx.</font>
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*''[[Ribes grande]]'' <font size=1>Rose</font>
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*''[[Ribes grantii]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
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*''[[Ribes graveolens]]'' <font size=1>Bunge.</font>
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*''[[Ribes greeneianum]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
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*''[[Ribes griffithii]]'' <font size=1>Hook.f. & Thomson</font>
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*''[[Ribes grossularia]]'' <font size=1>L.</font>
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*''[[Ribes grossularioides]]'' <font size=1>Maxim.</font> - Japanese Gooseberry, Catberry
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*''[[Ribes guangxiense]]'' <font size=1>C.Z.Gao</font>
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*''[[Ribes hallii]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes haoi]]'' <font size=1>C.Y.Yang & Han</font>
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*''[[Ribes hartwegianum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes hendersonii]]'' <font size=1>C.L.Hitchc.</font>
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*''[[Ribes henryi]]'' <font size=1>Franch.</font>
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*''[[Ribes hesperium]]'' <font size=1>McClatchie</font>
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*''[[Ribes heterotrichum]]'' <font size=1>C.A.Mey.</font>
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*''[[Ribes himalense]]'' <font size=1>Royle ex Decne.</font>
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*''[[Ribes hirtellum]]'' <font size=1>Michx.</font> - North American Gooseberry, Hairystem Gooseberry, Currant Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes hirticaule]]'' <font size=1>J.F.Macbr.</font>
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*''[[Ribes hirtum]]'' <font size=1>Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.</font>
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*''[[Ribes hispidulum]]'' <font size=1>(Jancz.) Pojark.</font>
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*''[[Ribes hittellianum]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
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*''[[Ribes holocericeum]]'' <font size=1>Otto & A.Dietr.</font>
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*''[[Ribes horridum]]'' <font size=1>Rupr.</font> - Thorny Currant
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*''[[Ribes houghtonianum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes howellii]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font>
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*''[[Ribes hudsonianum]]'' <font size=1>Richards</font> - Northern Blackcurrant, Hudson Bay Currant, Western Blackcurrant
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*''[[Ribes humile]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes hunanense]]'' <font size=1>Chang Y.Yang & C.J.Qi</font>
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*''[[Ribes huronense]]'' <font size=1>Rydb.</font>
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*''[[Ribes hysterix]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
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*''[[Ribes incarnatum]]'' <font size=1>Wedd.</font>
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*''[[Ribes incertum]]'' <font size=1>J.F.Macbr.</font>
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*''[[Ribes indecorum]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font> - White-flowered Currant
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*''[[Ribes inebrians]]'' <font size=1>Lindl.</font>
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*''[[Ribes inerme]]'' <font size=1>Rydb.</font> - Whitestem Gooseberry, Klamath Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes integrifolium]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
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*''[[Ribes intermedium]]'' <font size=1>Tausch</font>
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*''[[Ribes irriguum]]'' <font size=1>Douglas</font>
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*''[[Ribes janczewskii]]'' <font size=1>Pojark.</font>
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*''[[Ribes japonicum]]'' <font size=1>Maxim.</font> - Japanese Blackcurrant, Thornless Blackcurrant
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*''[[Ribes jessoniae]]'' <font size=1>Stapf.</font>
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*''[[Ribes jorullense]]'' <font size=1>Kunth</font>
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*''[[Ribes kansuense]]'' <font size=1>K.S.Hao</font>
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*''[[Ribes kialanum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes koehneanum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes kolymense]]'' <font size=1>(Trautv.) Kom.</font>
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*''[[Ribes komarovii]]'' <font size=1>Pojark.</font>
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*''[[Ribes kunthii]]'' <font size=1>Berland.</font>
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*''[[Ribes laciniatum]]'' <font size=1>Hook.f. & Thomson</font>
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*''[[Ribes lacustre]]'' <font size=1>(Pers.) Poir.</font> - Black Gooseberry, Prickly Currant, Black Swamp Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes lasianthum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Alpine Gooseberry
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*''[[Ribes latifolium]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font> - Broadleaf Currant
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*''[[Ribes laurifolium]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font> - Evergreen Currant
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*''[[Ribes laxiflorum]]'' <font size=1>Pursh</font> - Trailing Blackcurrant
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*''[[Ribes lehmannii]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
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*''[[Ribes leiobotrys]]'' <font size=1>Koehne</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes lentum]]'' <font size=1>(M.E.Jones) Coville & Rose</font>
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*''[[Ribes leptanthum]]'' <font size=1>A.Gray</font> - Trumpet Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes leptosma]]'' <font size=1>(Coville) Fedde</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes leptosmum]]'' <font size=1>(Coville) Standl.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes leucoderme]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
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*''[[Ribes lindeni]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes liouanum]]'' <font size=1>Kitag.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes lioui]]'' <font size=1>C.Wang & Chang Y.Yang</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes lobbii]]'' <font size=1>A.Gray</font> - Gummy Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes longeracemosum]]'' <font size=1>Franch.</font> - Tibet Thornless Blackcurrant
 +
*''[[Ribes longiflorum]]'' <font size=1>Nutt.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes lucarense]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes luridum]]'' <font size=1>Hook. & Thoms.</font> - Purple Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes luteynii]]'' <font size=1>Weigend</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes macrobotrys]]'' <font size=1>Ruiz & Pav.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes macrocalyx]]'' <font size=1>Hance</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes macrostachyum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes magellanicum]]'' <font size=1>Poir.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes malvaceum]]'' <font size=1>Sm.</font> - Chaparral Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes malvifolium]]'' <font size=1>Pojark.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes mandschuricum]]'' <font size=1>(Maxim.) Komarov</font> - Manchurian Redcurrant
 +
*''[[Ribes mariposanum]]'' <font size=1>Congdon</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes marshallii]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Hupa Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes maximowiczianum]]'' <font size=1>Kom.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes maximowiczii]]'' <font size=1>Batal.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes melananthum]]'' <font size=1>Boiss. & Hohen.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes melancholicum]]'' <font size=1>Siev. ex Pall.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes menziesii]]'' <font size=1>Pursh</font> - Canyon Gooseberry, Menzies' Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes mescalerium]]'' <font size=1>Coville</font> - Mescalero Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes mexicanum]]'' <font size=1>Spreng.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes meyeri]]'' <font size=1>Maxim.</font> - Meyer's Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes micranthum]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes microphyllum]]'' <font size=1>Kunth</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes migratorium]]'' <font size=1>Suksd.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes missouriense]]'' <font size=1>Nutt.</font> - Missouri Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes mogollonicum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes molle]]'' <font size=1>(A.Gray) Howell</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes montanum]]'' <font size=1>Howell</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes monticola]]'' <font size=1>K.Koch</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes montigenum]]'' <font size=1>McClat.</font> - Gooseberry Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes moupinense]]'' <font size=1>Franch.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes multiflorum]]'' <font size=1>Kit.</font> - Manyflower Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes nanophyllum]]'' <font size=1>Freire-Fierro & L.Endara</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes neglectum]]'' <font size=1>Rose</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes nelsonii]]'' <font size=1>Coville & Rose</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes nemorosum]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes nevadense]]'' <font size=1>Kellogg</font> - Sierra Currant, Jaeger's Currant, Nevada Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes nigrum]]'' <font size=1>L.</font> - [[Blackcurrant]], European Blackcurrant
 +
*''[[Ribes nitidissima]]'' <font size=1>Neger.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes niveum]]'' <font size=1>Lindl.</font> - Snow Gooseberry, Slender-branched Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes non-scriptum]]'' <font size=1>(A.Berger) Standl.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes occidentale]]'' <font size=1>Hook. & Arn.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes odoratissimum]]'' <font size=1>M.McMahon ex True</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes odoratum]]'' <font size=1>H.L.Wendl.</font> - Buffalo Currant, Clove Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes oligacanthum]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes orientale]]'' <font size=1>Desf.</font> - Siberian Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes orizabae]]'' <font size=1>Rose</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes ovalifolium]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes ovallei]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes oxyacanthoides]]'' <font size=1>L.</font> - American Mountain Gooseberry, Canadian Gooseberry, Stream Gooseberry, Henderson's Gooseberry, Idaho Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes pachyadenium]]'' <font size=1>Hand.-Mazz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes pachysandroides]]'' <font size=1>Oliv.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes palczewskii]]'' <font size=1>(Jancz.) Pojark.</font> - Palczjewski's Ribes
 +
*''[[Ribes pallidiflorum]]'' <font size=1>Pojark.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes palmeri]]'' <font size=1>Vasey & Rose</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes panctatum]]'' <font size=1>Ruiz & Pav.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes parishii]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes parviflorum]]'' <font size=1>Wedd.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes parvifolium]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes parvulum]]'' <font size=1>(A.Gray) Rydb.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes pauciflorum]]'' <font size=1>Turcz. ex Pojark.</font> - Few-flowered Ribes
 +
*''[[Ribes pensylvanicum]]'' <font size=1>Lam.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes pentlandii]]'' <font size=1>Britton</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes peruvianum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes petiolare]]'' <font size=1>Fisch.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes petraeum]]'' <font size=1>Wulf.</font> - Rock Currant, Rock Redcurrant, Bieberstein's Rock Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes pinetorum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Orange Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes polyanthum]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes polystachyum]]'' <font size=1>A.Berger</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes praecox]]'' <font size=1>J.F.Macbr.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes pringlei]]'' <font size=1>Rose</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes procumbens]]'' <font size=1>Pall.</font> - Trailing Redcurrant
 +
*''[[Ribes propinquum]]'' <font size=1>Turcz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes pseudofasciculatum]]'' <font size=1>K.S.Hao</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes pulchellum]]'' <font size=1>Turcz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes purpurascens]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes purpusii]]'' <font size=1>Koehne ex Blank.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes quercetorum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Rock Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes reclinatum]]'' <font size=1>L.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes recurvatum]]'' <font size=1>Michx.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes reniforme]]'' <font size=1>Nutt.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes repens]]'' <font size=1>A.I.Baranov</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes roezlii]]'' <font size=1>Reg.</font> - Sierra Gooseberry, Roezl's Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes rosthornii]]'' <font size=1>Diels</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes rotundifolium]]'' <font size=1>Michx.</font> - Appalachian Gooseberry, Round-leaved Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes rubrisepalum]]'' <font size=1>L.T.Lu</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes rubrum]]'' <font size=1>L.</font> - [[Redcurrant]]
 +
*''[[Ribes rugosum]]'' <font size=1>Coville & Rose</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes ruizii]]'' <font size=1>Rehder.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes sachalinense]]'' <font size=1>(F.Schmidt) Nakai</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes sanguineum]]'' <font size=1>Pursh</font> - Flowering Currant, Redflower Currant, Blood Currant, Sticky Blood Currant, Blackseed Blood Currant, Winter Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes sardoum]]'' <font size=1>Martelli</font> - Sardinian Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes saxatile]]'' <font size=1>Pall.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes saximontanum]]'' <font size=1>E.E.Nelson</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes saxosum]]'' <font size=1>Hook.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes scandicum]]'' <font size=1>Hedl.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes scuphamii]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes senile]]'' <font size=1>(Coville) Standl.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes sericeum]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font> - Lucia Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes setchuense]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes setosum]]'' <font size=1>Lindl.</font> - Missouri Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes silvestre]]'' <font size=1>(Lam.) Mert. & Koch</font> (syn. ''R. sativum'') - Woodland Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes sinanense]]'' <font size=1>F.Maek.</font> - Chinese Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes soulieanum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes spathianum]]'' <font size=1>Koehne</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes speciosum]]'' <font size=1>Pursh</font> - Fuchsia-flowered Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes spicatum]]'' <font size=1>Robson</font> - Nordic Redcurrant, Nordic Currant, Downy Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes stanfordii]]'' <font size=1>Elmer</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes steinbachiorum]]'' <font size=1>Weigend & Binder</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes stenocarpum]]'' <font size=1>Maxim.</font> - Narrow-fruited Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes subvestitum]]'' <font size=1>Hook. & Arn.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes sucheziense]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes suksdorfii]]'' <font size=1>A.Heller</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes takare]]'' <font size=1>D.Don</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes tenue]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes tenuiflorum]]'' <font size=1>Lindl.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes texense]]'' <font size=1>(Coville & A.Berger) Standl.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes thacherianum]]'' <font size=1>(Jeps.) Munz</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes tianquanense]]'' <font size=1>S.H.Yu & J.M.Xu</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes tolimense]]'' <font size=1>Cuatrec.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes tortuosum]]'' <font size=1>Benth.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes tricuspe]]'' <font size=1>Nakai</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes trifidum]]'' <font size=1>Michx.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes trilobum]]'' <font size=1>Meyen.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes tripartitum]]'' <font size=1>Batalin</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes triste]]'' <font size=1>Pall.</font> - [[Northern Redcurrant]] or Swamp Redcurrant, Wild Redcurrant
 +
*''[[Ribes tularense]]'' <font size=1>(Coville) Fedde.</font> - Tulare Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes turbinatum]]'' <font size=1>Pojark.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes uniflorum]]'' <font size=1>T.C.Ku</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes urceolatum]]'' <font size=1>Tausch</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes ussuriense]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font> - Korean Blackcurrant
 +
*''[[Ribes utile]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes uva-crispa]]'' <font size=1>L.</font> (syn. ''R. grossularia'') - [[Gooseberry]], Wild Gooseberry, European Gooseberry, English Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes valdivianum]]'' <font size=1>Phil.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes valicola]]'' <font size=1>Greene ex Rydb.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes van-fleetianum]]'' <font size=1>(A.Berger) Standl.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes velutinum]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Desert Gooseberry, Gooding's Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes viburnifolium]]'' <font size=1>A.Gray</font> - Island Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes victoris]]'' <font size=1>Greene</font> - Victor's Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes vilmorinii]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes villosum]]'' <font size=1>Wall. ex Roxb.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes viscosissimum]]'' <font size=1>Pursh</font> - Sticky Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes viscosum]]'' <font size=1>Ruiz & Pav.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes vitifolium]]'' <font size=1>Host</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes vulgare]]'' <font size=1>Lam.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes warszewiczii]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font> - Downy Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes watkinsii]]'' <font size=1>Eastw.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes watsonianum]]'' <font size=1>Koehne</font> - Spring Gooseberry
 +
*''[[Ribes weberbaueri]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes weddellianum]]'' <font size=1>Jancz.</font>
 +
*''[[Ribes wolfii]]'' <font size=1>Rothr.</font> - Wolf's Currant
 +
*''[[Ribes xizangense]]'' <font size=1>L.T.Lu</font>
  
−
cultivation.
+
{{Inc|
 +
INDEX.
  
−
INDEX.
 
 
acerifolium, 15. fructu-luteo, 9. opulifolium,18.
 
acerifolium, 15. fructu-luteo, 9. opulifolium,18.
 
aconitifolium, 9. fructu-viridi, 9. odoratum 1.
 
aconitifolium, 9. fructu-viridi, 9. odoratum 1.
Line 185: Line 427:
 
fragrans, 1. niveum, 21. xanthocarpum, 9.
 
fragrans, 1. niveum, 21. xanthocarpum, 9.
  
−
Key To The Species.
+
−
 
 
−
 
 
 
R. aciculare, Smith. Allied to R. Grossularia. Spiny shrub: branches  
 
R. aciculare, Smith. Allied to R. Grossularia. Spiny shrub: branches  
 
slender, bristly: lvs. 3-5-lobed, usually glabrous, about 1 in. broad:  
 
slender, bristly: lvs. 3-5-lobed, usually glabrous, about 1 in. broad:  
Line 421: Line 661:
 
glandular-bristly. Colo., Utah, New Mex., Arix. B.M. 8120.—R.  
 
glandular-bristly. Colo., Utah, New Mex., Arix. B.M. 8120.—R.  
 
wollense, Bean=R. Culverwellii var. wollense.  
 
wollense, Bean=R. Culverwellii var. wollense.  
−
 
−
Alfred Rehder.
 
−
}}
 
−
 
−
 
−
{{Taxobox
 
−
| color = lightgreen
 
−
| name = Ribes
 
−
| image = Gooseberry Ribes grossularia (detail).JPG
 
−
| image_caption = ''Ribes uva-crispa'' ([[gooseberry]])
 
−
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
−
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
 
−
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
 
−
| ordo = [[Saxifragales]]
 
−
| familia = '''Grossulariaceae'''
 
−
| genus = '''''Ribes'''''
 
−
| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
 
−
| subdivision_ranks = Species
 
−
| subdivision =
 
−
See text
 
 
}}
 
}}
  
−
'''''Ribes''''' is a [[genus]] of about 150 species of [[flowering plants]], usually treated as the only genus in the family '''Grossulariaceae'''. The genus is native throughout the temperate regions of the [[Northern Hemisphere]].
+
==Gallery==
−
 
 
−
''Ribes'' includes the currants, including the edible currants ([[blackcurrant]], [[redcurrant]] and [[whitecurrant]]), [[gooseberry|gooseberries]], and many [[ornamental plant]]s. The ''Ribes'' currant should not be confused with the [[Zante currant]], which is a kind of dried [[grape]].
 
−
 
 
−
Currants are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species; see [[list of Lepidoptera which feed on Ribes]].
 
  
−
Seven [[subgenus|subgenera]] are recognised. A few taxonomists place the gooseberry species in a separate genus, ''Grossularia'', despite the [[Jostaberry]] gooseberry/blackcurrant [[hybrid]].
+
<gallery perrow=5>
 +
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
 +
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
 +
Image:Upload.png| photo 3
 +
</gallery>
  
−
;Selected species
+
==References==
−
*''[[Ribes aciculare]]'' Sm.
+
<references/>
−
*''[[Ribes alpestris]]'' (Decne) A.Berger - Hedge Gooseberry
+
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
−
*''[[Ribes alpinum]]'' L. - Alpine Currant
+
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
−
*''[[Ribes ambiguum]]'' Maxim.
+
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
−
*''[[Ribes americanum]]'' Mill.
+
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
−
*''[[Ribes aureum]]'' Pursh - Golden Currant
 
−
*''[[Ribes bracteosum]]'' Douglas ex Hook. - Californian Blackcurrant
 
−
*''[[Ribes burejense]]'' F.Schmidt
 
−
*''[[Ribes californicum]]'' Hook. & Arn.
 
−
*''[[Ribes cereum]]'' Douglas - Squaw Currant or Wax Currant
 
−
*''[[Ribes ciliatum]]'' Humb. & Bonpl.
 
−
*''[[Ribes coloradense]]'' Cov.
 
−
*''[[Ribes curvatum]]'' Small
 
−
*''[[Ribes cynosbati]]'' L. - Prickly Gooseberry
 
−
*''[[Ribes diacanthum]]'' Pall.
 
−
*''[[Ribes distans]]'' Jancz.
 
−
*''[[Ribes divaricatum]]'' Douglas
 
−
*''[[Ribes echinellum]]'' (Cov.) Rehder - Miccosukee Gooseberry
 
−
*''[[Ribes emodense]]'' Rehder
 
−
*''[[Ribes fasciculatum]]'' Siebold & Zucc.
 
−
*''[[Ribes fragrans]]'' Pall.
 
−
*''[[Ribes gayanum]]'' (Spach) Steud.
 
−
*''[[Ribes giraldii]]'' Jancz.
 
−
*''[[Ribes glaciale]]'' Wallich
 
−
*''[[Ribes glandulosum]]'' Grauer ex Weber - White currant
 
−
*''[[Ribes glutinosum]]'' Benth.
 
−
*''[[Ribes grossularioides]]'' Maxim. - Japanese Gooseberry
 
−
*''[[Ribes henryi]]'' Franch.
 
−
*''[[Ribes hirtellum]]'' Michx. - North American Gooseberry
 
−
*''[[Ribes hudsonianum]]'' Richards - Northern Blackcurrant
 
−
*''[[Ribes indecorum]]'' Eastw. - White-flowered Currant
 
−
*''[[Ribes inebrians]]'' Lindl.
 
−
*''[[Ribes inerme]]'' Rydb.
 
−
*''[[Ribes irriguum]]'' Douglas
 
−
*''[[Ribes japonicum]]'' Maxim.
 
−
*''[[Ribes lacustre]]'' (Pers.) Poir.
 
−
*''[[Ribes lasianthum]]'' Greene
 
−
*''[[Ribes laurifolium]]'' Jancz.
 
−
*''[[Ribes laxiflorum]]'' Pursh
 
−
*''[[Ribes leptanthum]]'' A.Gray
 
−
*''[[Ribes lobbii]]'' A.Gray - Gummy Gooseberry
 
−
*''[[Ribes longeracemosum]]'' Franch.
 
−
*''[[Ribes luridum]]'' Hook. & Thoms.
 
−
*''[[Ribes malvaceum]]'' Sm.
 
−
*''[[Ribes mandschuricum]]'' (Maxim.) Komarov
 
−
*''[[Ribes maximowiczii]]'' Batal.
 
−
*''[[Ribes menziesii]]'' Pursh - Canyon Gooseberry
 
−
*''[[Ribes meyeri]]'' Maxim.
 
−
*''[[Ribes missouriense]]'' Nutt. - Missouri Gooseberry
 
−
*''[[Ribes montigenum]]'' McClat.
 
−
*''[[Ribes moupinense]]'' Franch.
 
−
*''[[Ribes multiflorum]]'' Kit.
 
−
*''[[Ribes nevadense]]'' Kellogg - Sierra Currant
 
−
*''[[Ribes nigrum]]'' L. - [[Blackcurrant]]
 
−
*''[[Ribes niveum]]'' Lindl.
 
−
*''[[Ribes odoratum]]'' H.L.Wendl. - Buffalo Currant
 
−
*''[[Ribes orientale]]'' Desf.
 
−
*''[[Ribes oxyacanthoides]]'' L. - American Mountain Gooseberry
 
−
*''[[Ribes petiolare]]'' Fisch.
 
−
*''[[Ribes petraeum]]'' Wulf.
 
−
*''[[Ribes pinetorum]]'' Greene
 
−
*''[[Ribes procumbens]]'' Pall.
 
−
*''[[Ribes pulchellum]]'' Turcz.
 
−
*''[[Ribes quercetorum]]'' Greene
 
−
*''[[Ribes roezlii]]'' Reg. - Sierra Gooseberry
 
−
*''[[Ribes rotundifolium]]'' Michx.
 
−
*''[[Ribes rubrum]]'' L. - [[Redcurrant]]
 
−
*''[[Ribes sanguineum]]'' Pursh - Flowering Currant
 
−
*''[[Ribes setosum]]'' Lindl.
 
−
*''[[Ribes silvestre]]'' (Lam.) Mert. & Koch (syn. ''R. sativum'')
 
−
*''[[Ribes speciosum]]'' Pursh - Fuchsia-flowered Gooseberry
 
−
*''[[Ribes spicatum]]'' Robson - Nordic Redcurrant
 
−
*''[[Ribes stenocarpum]]'' Maxim.
 
−
*''[[Ribes tenue]]'' Jancz.
 
−
*''[[Ribes triste]]'' Pall. - [[Northern Redcurrant]] or Swamp Redcurrant
 
−
*''[[Ribes ussuriense]]'' Jancz.
 
−
*''[[Ribes uva-crispa]]'' L. (syn. ''R. grossularia'') - [[Gooseberry]]
 
−
*''[[Ribes viburnifolium]]'' A.Gray
 
−
*''[[Ribes vilmorinii]]'' Jancz.
 
−
*''[[Ribes viscosissimum]]'' Pursh
 
−
*''[[Ribes warszewiczii]]'' Jancz.
 
−
*''[[Ribes wolfii]]'' Rothr.
 
  
−
==External link==
+
==External links==
−
{{commons|Ribes}}
+
*{{wplink}}
−
*[http://www.uga.edu/fruit/ribes.htm Entry on ''Ribes'' at Mark Rieger's UGa fruit crops site]
 
  
−
[[Category:Saxifragales]]
+
{{stub}}
 +
__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 17:01, 24 December 2009


Gooseberry Ribes grossularia (detail).JPG


Plant Characteristics
Cultivation
Scientific Names

Grossulariaceae >

Ribes >


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Ribes is a genus of about 150 species of flowering plants, usually treated as the only genus in the family Grossulariaceae. The genus is native throughout the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Ribes includes the currants, including the edible currants (blackcurrant, redcurrant and whitecurrant), gooseberries, and many ornamental plants. The Ribes currant should not be confused with the Zante currant grape.

Seven subgenera are recognised. A few taxonomists place the gooseberry species in a separate genus, Grossularia, despite the Jostaberry gooseberry/blackcurrant hybrid.

There are restrictions on growing Ribes species in many US states as they are a host for White Pine Blister Rust.


Read about Ribes in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Ribes (probably derived from ribas, the Arabic name for Rheum Ribes, or by some supposed to be the Latinized form of riebs, an old German word for currant). Saxifragaceae. Currant. Gooseberry. Woody plants partly grown for their edible fruits and partly for their handsome flowers, fruits, or foliage.

Unarmed or prickly shrubs with deciduous or rarely evergreen foliage: lvs. alternate, often fascicled, simple, usually palmately lobed and mostly plaited in the bud: fls. perfect or in some species dioecious, 5-merous, rarely 4-merous, in many-fld. to few-fld. racemes, or solitary; calyx-tube cylindric to rotate, like the sepals usually colored; petals usually smaller than the sepals, often minute, rarely entirely wanting; stamens alternating with the petals, shorter or longer than the sepals; ovary inferior, 1-celled; styles 1 or 2 (Fig. 3401): fr. a many-seeded pulpy berry, crowned by the remains of the calyx. —About 150 species in the colder and temperate regions of N. and S. Amer., N. and Cent. Asia, Eu., and N. Afr. The genus is sometimes divided into two: the true Ribes with usually unarmed sts., racemose fls., and jointed pedicels, and Grossularia (p. 1414) with prickly sts.; fls. solitary or in short 2-4-fld. racemes and with the pedicels not jointed. The most recent monograph of the genus is by Janczewski, Monographie des Groseilliers, 1907 (originally published in Mem. Soc. Phys. Nat. Hist. Geneve, 35:199-517, with 202 figs.), with important supplements in Bull. Acad. Sci. Cracovic, ser. B, 1910-13. The N. American species are treated by Coville & Britton in North American Flora, 22:193-225 (1908) under the two genera Ribes and Grossularia. There are also descriptions and figures of the more important species in Card's Bush Fruits, 444-84, figs. 80-109 (1911).

The currants and gooseberies are usually low, upright or less often procumbent deciduous, rarely evergreen shrubs with prickly or unarmed branches, small or medium-sized usually lobed leaves, with rather small solitary or racemose flowers often greenish or reddish and insignificant, but in some species white or brightly colored in shades of red, scarlet, orange or yellow; the fruits also are often attractive and either black, purple, scarlet, yellowish or greenish. The flowers appear in spring with the leaves, and the fruits ripen in June or July, but in R. fasciculatum they do not mature until September and remain on the branches all winter. Most species are hardy North except the evergreen ones; also R. sanguineum, R. Roezlii, R. Lobbii, R. viscosissimum are not quite hardy North. The tender R. speciosum with fuchsia-like bright red flowers is perhaps the most showy species of the genus, though also R. sanguineum, R. odoratum, R. Gordonianum, R. Roezlii, R. Lobbii, R. pinetorum, R. cereum, R. inebrians, R. niveum, and others are handsome in bloom, while some, as R. alpinum and R. fasciculatum, have ornamental scarlet fruits. They are well adapted for borders of shrubberies and, particularly the procumbent kinds, for planting on slopes. R. alpinum is excellent for shady places and as undergrowth. R. alpestre, a strong-growing and very spiny gooseberry from western China, may prove valuable as a hedge-plant. Many species bear edible fruits; the most important are the domestic currant, R. vulgare, and the European gooseberry, R. Grossularia; of less importance are the black currant, R. nigrum, the Buffalo or Missouri currant, R. odoratum, the European R. rubrum and some of the American gooseberries, as R. hirtellum, R. Cynosbati, R. oxyacanthoides, R. setosum, R. inerme. These plants are mostly of easy cultivation; they grow in any moderately good loamy soil, the gooseberries preferring as a rule drier and sunnier positions, while the currants like more humidity and grow well in partly shaded situations. Propagation is by seeds which germinate readily; also by hardwood cuttings in autumn and by greenwood cuttings in summer under glass; mound-layering in summer is sometimes practised; budding or grafting is usually resorted to only, if quick propagation of rare varieties is desired. In Europe, currants and gooseberries are sometimes grafted high on R. odoratum trained to one stem, to form little standard trees. See also Currant and Gooseberry for cultivation.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Varieties

Selected species:


Read about Ribes in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

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The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Gallery

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References

External links


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