Pyrus Baccata
Read about Pyrus Baccata in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture
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Pyrus baccata, Linn. (Malus baccata, Borkh. Malus microcarpa var. baccata, Carr. M. baccata var. sibirica, Schneid.). Siberian Crab. Fig. 3288. Small round- headed tree, with a compact crown, smooth in all its parts at maturity; growth hard and wiry: lvs. ovate to ovate-lanceolate or ovate-acuminate, thin and glabrous, on slender petioles, finely and nearly evenly serrate, bright green: fls. appearing with the lvs. on long and very slender (2-3 in.) greenish pedicels, white, handsome; style mostly longer than the stamens, lightly hairy or glabrous: fr. from the size of a pea to 3/4in. diam., on long, hard sts., yellow or red and firm and often translucent in texture, never becoming mellow, the calyx falling away before maturity. Siberia to Manchuria and N.China. B.M. 6112. M.D.G. 1899:454. Gt. 11:202. —Difficult to distinguish from P. pulcherrima: larger, becoming a distinct tree, sometimes as large as a large apple tree: lvs. with blunter teeth, and usually much longer, very slender, hard, glabrous petioles: fls. lighter colored, usually white; vernation convolute (lvs. rolled in the bud). It runs into many forms, particularly in fr. Var. mandshurica, Maxim. (Malus baccata var. mandshurica, Schneid.). Low densely branched tree when growing in the open but tall and wide-spreading in forests: lvs. broader, elliptic or round-elliptic, mostly entire, the petiole, rib, and nerves, as well as infl., more or less hairy: style scarcely as long as the stamens: fr. elliptic, atout 1/2in. diam. Amur region, Korea, Cent. China, Japan. Var. himalaica, Maxim. (Malus baccata var. himalaica, Schneid.). Lvs. very broad-oval, coarsely serrate, more or less hairy underneath, particularly on midrib. W. Himalaya. A handsome form from Korea with pure white large fls., large dark green lvs. and large dark red fr., is distinguished by Rehder as forma Jackii: from var. mandshurica it differs in being glabrous.— The Siberian crabs of pomolo- gists belong to P. baccata, but to which of the several botanical forms (if to any of them) is not clearly determined; the species is also used in cold countries as a stock on which to graft the common apple. It is a species of great hardiness, withstanding the climate in the Canadian N. W. provinces. It is much subject to blight (pear-blight) and for this reason its usefulness is much limited. Hybrids with P. Malus promise a valuable type of apple for cold regions. See Fig- 648, Vol. I, and pp. 569 and 570. The large-fruited pomological crab-apples of the Hyslop and Transcendent type are supposed to be hybrids between P. baccata and P. Malus, and to these forms the name P. prunifolia has been applied but probably erroneously. The P. cerasifera, Spach, is of the P. baccata group, and is probably a hybrid: it makes a large tree with spreading head, and bears very large pure white fls.: the fr. is variable in size, shape, and color, and either retains or drops the calyx.
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References
- Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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