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Honeysuckle (view source)

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{{SPlantbox
 
{{SPlantbox
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|familia=Caprifoliaceae
 
|genus=Lonicera
 
|genus=Lonicera
 
|common_name=Honeysuckle
 
|common_name=Honeysuckle
 
|Min ht metric=cm
 
|Min ht metric=cm
 
|Temp Metric=°F
 
|Temp Metric=°F
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|image=Upload.png
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|min_zone=2.5
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|max_zone=on
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|image=honeysuckle_w_y.jpg
 
|image_width=240
 
|image_width=240
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|image_caption=Lonicera periclymenum
 
}}
 
}}
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'''Honeysuckles''' ([[genus (biology)|genus]] ''Lonicera''; [[synonymy|syn.]] ''Caprifolium'' [[Mill.]]) are arching [[shrub]]s or twining [[vine]]s in the family [[Caprifoliaceae]], native to the [[Northern Hemisphere]]. There are about 180 species of honeysuckle, with by far the greatest diversity in [[China]], where over 100 species occur; by comparison, [[Europe]] and [[North America]] have only about 20 native species each. Widely known species include ''[[Lonicera periclymenum]]'' (European Honeysuckle), ''[[Lonicera japonica]]'' (Japanese Honeysuckle, White Honeysuckle, or Chinese Honeysuckle) and ''[[Lonicera sempervirens]]'' (Coral Honeysuckle, Trumpet Honeysuckle, or Woodbine Honeysuckle).
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The [[leaf|leaves]] are opposite, simple oval, and from 1–10 cm long; most are [[deciduous]] but some are [[evergreen]]. Many of the species have sweetly-scented, bell-shaped [[flower]]s that produce a sweet, edible [[nectar]]. The [[fruit]] is a red, blue or black [[berry]] containing several seeds; in most species the berries are mildly [[poison]]ous, but a few (notably ''[[Lonicera caerulea]]'') have edible berries. The plant is eaten by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species - see [[list of Lepidoptera which feed on Honeysuckles]].
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{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Lonicera (after Adam Lonicer or Lonitzer, a German physician and naturalist, 1528-1586). Including Caprifolium, Xylosteum, Nintoa and Charmaecerasus. Caprifoliaceae. Honeysuckle. Ornamental shrubs grown for their handsome, usually profusely produced, often fragrant flowers and attractive berries.
 
Lonicera (after Adam Lonicer or Lonitzer, a German physician and naturalist, 1528-1586). Including Caprifolium, Xylosteum, Nintoa and Charmaecerasus. Caprifoliaceae. Honeysuckle. Ornamental shrubs grown for their handsome, usually profusely produced, often fragrant flowers and attractive berries.
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}}
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:''For the New Zealand honeysuckle tree see [[Rewarewa]]; for the Australian honeysuckle, see [[Banksia integrifolia]].''
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==Cultivation==
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{{Taxobox
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = Honeysuckle
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| image = honeysuckle_w_y.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_caption = ''[[Lonicera periclymenum]]''
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| divisio = [[flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
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| ordo = [[Dipsacales]]
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| familia = [[Caprifoliaceae]]
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| genus = '''''Lonicera'''''
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| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
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| subdivision = See text - Selected Species
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}}
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'''Honeysuckles''' ([[genus (biology)|genus]] ''Lonicera''; [[synonymy|syn.]] ''Caprifolium'' [[Mill.]]) are arching [[shrub]]s or twining [[vine]]s in the family [[Caprifoliaceae]], native to the [[Northern Hemisphere]]. There are about 180 species of honeysuckle, with by far the greatest diversity in [[China]], where over 100 species occur; by comparison, [[Europe]] and [[North America]] have only about 20 native species each. Widely known species include ''[[Lonicera periclymenum]]'' (European Honeysuckle), ''[[Lonicera japonica]]'' (Japanese Honeysuckle, White Honeysuckle, or Chinese Honeysuckle) and ''[[Lonicera sempervirens]]'' (Coral Honeysuckle, Trumpet Honeysuckle, or Woodbine Honeysuckle).
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The [[leaf|leaves]] are opposite, simple oval, and from 1–10 cm long; most are [[deciduous]] but some are [[evergreen]]. Many of the species have sweetly-scented, bell-shaped [[flower]]s that produce a sweet, edible [[nectar]]. The [[fruit]] is a red, blue or black [[berry]] containing several seeds; in most species the berries are mildly [[poison]]ous, but a few (notably ''[[Lonicera caerulea]]'') have edible berries. The plant is eaten by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species - see [[list of Lepidoptera which feed on Honeysuckles]].
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==Cultivation and uses==
   
''Lonicera xylosteum'' ([[Fly Honeysuckle]]) is a common [[Homeopathy|homeopathic]] remedy, used for [[asthma]], breathing difficulties and [[syphilis]]. ''Lonicera periclymenum'' (European honeysuckle) is an uncommon homeopathic remedy, used for irritability with violent outbursts.
 
''Lonicera xylosteum'' ([[Fly Honeysuckle]]) is a common [[Homeopathy|homeopathic]] remedy, used for [[asthma]], breathing difficulties and [[syphilis]]. ''Lonicera periclymenum'' (European honeysuckle) is an uncommon homeopathic remedy, used for irritability with violent outbursts.
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Wood cuttings from the species ''Lonicera tartarica'', native to [[Eurasia]], are sold as [[cat]] toys. The wood contains [[nepetalactone]], which is the active ingredient found in [[catnip]]. Many breeds of cats react to the scent of the wood and will paw, lick or rub against it.
      
''Lonicera japonica''  and ''[[Lonicera maackii]]'' (Amur Honeysuckle) are considered [[invasive species|invasive weeds]] in the [[United States]] and in [[New Zealand]]. Honeysuckle can be controlled by cutting, flaming, or burning the plant to root level and repeating on two-week increments until nutrient reserves in the roots are depleted. Honeysuckle can also be controlled through annual applications of [[glyphosate]], or through grubbing if high labor and soil destruction are not of concern.
 
''Lonicera japonica''  and ''[[Lonicera maackii]]'' (Amur Honeysuckle) are considered [[invasive species|invasive weeds]] in the [[United States]] and in [[New Zealand]]. Honeysuckle can be controlled by cutting, flaming, or burning the plant to root level and repeating on two-week increments until nutrient reserves in the roots are depleted. Honeysuckle can also be controlled through annual applications of [[glyphosate]], or through grubbing if high labor and soil destruction are not of concern.
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Honeysuckles are also eaten by children, who remove the blossom by hand to suck at the sweet nectar in the center.
 
Honeysuckles are also eaten by children, who remove the blossom by hand to suck at the sweet nectar in the center.
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Another name for honeysuckle is '''woodbine'''; and '''eglantine''' is used in Milton's ''[[L'Allegro]]''.
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===Propagation===
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==Selected species==
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===Pests and diseases===
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==Species==
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Selected species:
 
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==Trivia==
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==Gallery==
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*During Victorian times, teenage girls were forbidden to bring honeysuckle home because it was thought to induce erotic dreams.
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==References==
 
==References==
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{{commonscat|Caprifoliaceae}}
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Lonicera&SPECIES_XREF=&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK=spe
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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cies Flora Europaea: ''Lonicera'']
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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*[http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=3&start_taxon_id=118877 Flora of China: ''Lonicera'' species list]
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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[[Category:Caprifoliaceae]]
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{{stub}}
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